Distribution of economically important fish larvae (Characiformes,Prochilodontidae) in the Central Amazonia,Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

D. M. Zacardi  S. C. S. Bittencourt  L. Nakayama  H. L. de Queiroz 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2017,24(4):283-291

The spatio‐temporal patterns of three species of Prochilodontidae larvae that are intensely used as fishery resources in Central Amazonia are analysed. Sampling was conducted during 2011 at four stages of the hydrological cycle (flood, high water, falling and low water phases). Sixteen collecting stations were located in different habitats (mouths of lake channels, “barrancos,” sandbars and the main river channel) along the Solimões and Japurá rivers. A total of 4,322 Prochilodontidae larvae were collected during this investigation, with most captures occurring in the Japurá River (76.3% of larvae), while only 23.7% of the samples were caught in the Solimões River. Most captures occurred during rising water, indicating a strong reproductive seasonality in these three species. Rainfall and water level, along with dissolved oxygen, water temperature and electric conductivity, determined the larvae's spatio‐temporal distribution. These results confirm the importance of várzea areas along white water rivers for the conservation, preservation and maintenance of heavily used fishery resources in the Brazilian Central Amazonia.  相似文献   

Above and belowground litter decomposition of cover crops grazed at different intensities     

Erick R. S. Santos  José C. B. Dubeux Jr.  Cheryl Mackowiak  Lynn E. Sollenberger  Gustavo D. Farias  Bruno G. C. Homem  David M. Jaramillo  Luana Q. S. D. Zagato  Luana M. Dantas Queiroz  David L. Wright  Nicolas DiLorenzo  Martin Ruiz-Moreno 《Grass and Forage Science》2023,78(3):376-389

Grazing cover crops may increase land-use efficiency while promoting sustainability. We investigated how grazing intensity affects cover crop litter quantity, quality, decomposition, and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) N uptake. Cover crops were a mixture of rye (Secale cereale L.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) managed as follows: no grazing +34 kg N ha⁻¹ (NG34), no grazing +90 kg N ha⁻¹ (NG90), heavy grazing (HG), moderate grazing (MG), and light grazing (LG). Grazed treatments received 90 kg N ha⁻¹. After cover crop termination, above- and belowground litter was collected and incubated in situ for 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 days, with cotton plants sampled on the same days to estimate N recovery and synchrony between N release from litter and uptake by cotton. By Day 128, only 13% of initial NG34 aboveground biomass had disappeared, whereas 42% of HG disappeared. Nitrogen retained in aboveground litter of HG was less than NG90 (27 vs. 60 kg N ha⁻¹), and aboveground final N stock (at Day 128) of HG was less than NG90 and LG (16, 47, and 41 kg N ha⁻¹, respectively). Belowground litter contributed 98 kg N ha⁻¹ versus 46 for aboveground. Belowground N disappearance from litter bags was greater from NG90 than NG34 (39 vs. 21 kg N ha⁻¹). Cotton N uptake by Day 128 was similar across treatments (191 kg N ha⁻¹). Grazing cover crops impact aboveground litter quantity, quality, and decomposition rates, and belowground litter plays an important role on the N cycling.  相似文献   

Reproductive cycle of the Amazonian planktivorous catfish Hypophthalmus marginatus (Siluriformes,Pimelodidae)     

Patrick Hainfellner  Rafael Yutaka Kuradomi  Thiago Gonalves de Souza  Rafael Tomoda Sato  Daniel Guimares Figueiredo‐Ariki  Guilherme Antnio de Freitas  Luciano Queiroz  Wagner C. Valenti  Patricia Moraes Valenti  Wei Ge  Sergio Ricardo Batlouni 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3382-3391

We evaluated the annual process of oocyte and ovarian development of the planktivorous Amazonian catfish, the mapará (Hypophthalmus marginatus), aiming to support captive reproduction for domestication. A total of 149 females were captured from the Tocantins River at the Tucuruí Dam (3°49'55"S, 49°39'9"W) in 13 sampling events. For each individual, we evaluated ovary histology and plasma steroid concentrations. Two annual reproductive cycles, with similar characteristics, including a long period of rest, a short vitellogenic stage and a well‐defined spawning season from November to March, were described. A 17β‐estradiol (E₂) rise and a 17α,20β‐dihydroxy‐4‐pregnen‐3‐one (DHP) peak were associated with vitellogenesis and spawning season, respectively, in the first cycle but not in the second reproductive cycle. In conclusion, the studied species presents a reproductive cycle similar to that of other migratory total spawners; however, unusually for this group of fish, there were three (but not two) batches of vitellogenic oocytes in “in maturation” and “mature” stage ovaries, pointing to the possibility of more than one spawn during the spawning season.  相似文献   

Efficacy of afidopyropen against soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and toxicity to natural enemies     

Robert L Koch  Obiratanea da Silva Queiroz  Rafael Carlesso Aita  Erin W Hodgson  Bruce D Potter  Teresia Nyoike  Christa D Ellers‐Kirk 《Pest management science》2020,76(1):375-383

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Damming and seasonality as modulators of fish community structure in a small tributary     

Andr Batista Nobile  Diogo Freitas‐Souza  Felipe Pontieri Lima  Jamile Queiroz  Isabelle Leite Bayona‐Perez  Edmir Daniel Carvalho  Igor Paiva Ramos 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2019,28(4):563-572

River damming alters the physical–chemical variables of water and often causes compartmentalisation of aquatic habitats. Seasonality can add complexity to the longitudinal compartmentalisation. The spatial and temporal effects of these two phenomena on the structure of ichthyofauna from a tributary under the influence of damming were evaluated, based on the following hypotheses: (1) transition habitats have the greatest species richness; (2) community similarity decreases with increasing distance between sites; (3) conservation of free‐flowing areas upstream reservoir contributes to the maintenance of migratory species. To evaluate the effects of these two phenomena, twelve monthly fish samples (September/12 to August/13) were performed with gillnets in three sample areas distributed longitudinally in the tributary. Limnological variables were measured in the same sample areas to confirm compartmentalisation. We observed three distinct limnological compartments (lotic, transition and lentic), with increase differentiation during the rainy season. This compartmentalisation influenced fish fauna where localised communities exhibited different compositions among the three sampled habitats. During the rainy season, these differences become pronounced, with transition habitat showing greater species richness than the others. More pronounced differences in species composition and structure in extremes sampling sites were also observed. Migratory fish presented higher proportion of fish composition in lotic habitat. In conclusion, damming and seasonality acted concomitantly as modulators of fish fauna in a tributary influenced by damming. However, compartmentalisation of habitats was the primary driver of ichthyofauna community structure with the rainy season increasing differences in community composition.  相似文献   

Nutritional efficiency of feed-restricted F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in early lactation     

Monção  Flávio Pinto  Santana  Pedro Felipe  Júnior  Vicente Ribeiro Rocha  Ruas  José Reinaldo Mendes  Rigueira  João Paulo Sampaio  Borges  Lucas Daniel Alcântara  de Castro Menezes  Gustavo Chamon  Sousa  Thais Eleonora Santos  da Costa  Maria Dulcinéia  Oliveira  Laura Lúcia Santos  de Queiroz  Fausto Expedito 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(1):141-149

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The quantitative feed restriction of lactating cows has been used in intensive production systems as a strategy to reduce production costs. However, the...  相似文献   

Genetic parameters for tonic immobility,body weight,and morphological traits of the red-winged tinamou (Rhynchotus rufescens)     

de Oliveira Santos  Dimas  de Araujo Neto  Francisco Ribeiro  de Abreu Santos  Daniel Jordan  dos Santos  Fabiana Ramos  Aspilcueta-Borquis  Rusbel Raul  de Queiroz  Sandra Aidar  Tonhati  Humberto 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(1):243-247

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study was carried out to estimate genetic parameters for morphology, body weight, and tonic immobility traits in the red-winged tinamou (Rhynchotus...  相似文献   

Mineral composition and microstructure of the abaxial hoof wall in dairy heifers after biotin supplementation     

Paulo José Bastos Queiroz  Bruno Moraes Assis  Danilo Conrado Silva  Antônio Dionísio Feitosa Noronha Filho  Alexandre Pancotti  Rogério Elias Rabelo  Naida Cristina Borges  Valcinir Aloisio Scalla Vulcani  Luiz Antônio Franco da Silva 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(1):93-101

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily biotin supplementation on the mineral composition and microstructure of the abaxial hoof wall in dairy heifers. The heifers were housed on a concrete floor and fed for weight gain more than 800 g per day, which is a challenging environment for the hoof. Twelve crossbred dairy heifers (Jersey × Holstein) were divided into two treatment groups. Animals in the control group (n = 6) received a diet without supplemental biotin, while the heifers in the biotin-supplemented feed group (n = 6) each received 20 mg of biotin daily for 120 days. Samples of the abaxial hoof wall were collected from the outer claw of the fore and hind limb, before and after supplementation. The samples were evaluated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, computed microtomography, atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Biotin supplementation increased the sulphur content and decreased the calcium and potassium content in the abaxial hoof wall. Biotin treatment also increased the percentage of horn tubules with smaller diameter marrow (17–51 µm). However, biotin did not influence the surface relief of the hoof wall, suggesting that its action is limited to the inner layers of the stratum corneum. Daily supplementation with 20 mg of biotin promoted changes in the mineral composition and microstructure of abaxial hoof wall of crossbred dairy heifers. These findings suggest biotin supplementation improves hoof quality and may help to understand the function of biotin in the stratum corneum.  相似文献   

Bioactivity of Different Enriched Phenolic Extracts of Wild Fruits from Northeastern Portugal: A Comparative Study     

Rafaela Guimarães  Lillian Barros  Ricardo C. Calhelha  Ana Maria Carvalho  Maria João R. P. Queiroz  Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(1):37-42

Arbutus unedo, Prunus spinosa, Rosa micrantha and Rosa canina are good sources of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins. These compounds have potent antioxidant properties, which have been related to anticancer activity. Herein, the in vitro antioxidant and antitumor properties of enriched phenolic extracts (non-anthocyanin phenolic compounds enriched extract- PE and anthocyanins enriched extract- AE) of the mentioned wild fruits were evaluated and compared. PE gave higher bioactive properties than the corresponding AE. It was observed a high capacity of A. unedo phenolic extract to inhibit lipid peroxidation in animal brain homogenates (EC₅₀?=?7.21 μg/mL), as also a high antitumor potential against NCI-H460 human cell line (non-small lung cancer; GI₅₀?=?37.68 μg/mL), which could be related to the presence of galloyl derivatives (exclusively found in this species). The bioactivity of the studied wild fruits proved to be more related to the phenolic compounds profile than to the amounts present in each extract, and could be considered in the design of new formulations of dietary supplements or functional foods.  相似文献   

Identification of a major QTL in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) associated with resistance to witches' broom disease     

V. T. Queiroz    C. T. Guimarães    D. Anhert    I. Schuster    R. T. Daher    M. G. Pereira    V. R. M. Miranda    L. L. Loguercio    E. G. Barros  M. A. Moreira  G. Wricke 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(3):268-272

The witches’ broom disease caused by the fungus Crinipellis perniciosa is the main limiting factor for cocoa production in South America and the Caribbean. In Brazil, this disease affects almost all cocoa‐growing regions, causing serious economic, social and ecological damage. The aim of this study was to map genomic regions associated with resistance to C. perniciosa using an F₂ population derived from a cross between ‘Scavina‐6’(resistant) and ‘ICS‐1’(susceptible). The phenotypic index was determined as the average number of vegetative witches’ brooms per canopy area of each plant, the witches’ brooms were counted and eliminated during six field evaluations between May 1998 and August 1999. A total of 124 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 69 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were mapped along 25 linkage groups covering 1713 cM of cocoa genome. After employing single factor and composite interval mapping analyses, a major quantitative trait loci (QTL) flanked by the marker AV14.940 was identified in the linkage group 11, explaining almost 35% of the resistance to witches’ broom. The present result suggests that this QTL acts as a major dominant component of resistance to this pathogen, with great potential for use in marker‐assisted selection procedures in cocoa breeding programmes.  相似文献