Retained Fetal Membranes in Heavy Draft Mares Associated with Histological Abnormalities     

Anna Rapacz  Katarzyna Pa?dzior  Andrzej Ra?  Tadeusz Rotkiewicz  Tomasz E. Janowski 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012,32(1):38-44

Retention of fetal membranes is one of the most common life-threatening peripartum problems; however, its etiology is still unknown. Draft mares are more likely to retain fetal membranes than other breeds of mares. Because a strong connection between the fetal membranes and the endometrium has been observed in cases of retention, we studied the changes in the endometrium and the allantochorion of heavy draft mares with this condition. Tissue samples were taken from 90 mares that retained the fetal membranes and from 21 that did not. Retained fetal membranes were associated with adhesion of the allantochorion to the endometrium in 88% of the mares; this adhesion depended on the following factors: occurrence of fibrosis both in the lamina propria of the allantochorial villi and in the allantochorial stromal connective tissue, overdevelopment of the allantochorial stromal connective tissue, oversized allantochorial epithelial cells, and sparser and less-branched allantochorial villi.  相似文献   

Wool traits of three sympatric sheep populations in Chiapas Region, México     

Pere M. Parés-Casanova  Raúl Perezgrovas 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):289-291

A total of 344 pure animals, representing seven American and South European breeds (White Chiapas Blanca, Brown Chiapas Café, Black Chiapas Negra, Churra Badana, Churra da Terra Quente, Chilean Latxa, and Spanish Merino), were randomly sampled and wool evaluated for isoalcohol scouring yield, length, and proportion for each type of fiber (long-thick, short-thin, and kemp), average of fiber diameter, and F30 (percentage of fibers with a diameter of >30 μm). The objective of this study was to characterize these breeds according to their wool traits. A low percentage of the phenotypic variability in the analyzed animals was due to differences among breeds, and that the largest part of that variability is due to differences within breeds. The obtained topology in the principal coordinates analysis showed the grouping of the three Chiapas breeds clearly separated, but the similarity with their original breed was only evident for Brown Chiapas Café. The three Chiapas sheep breeds must be regarded as clearly sympatric populations.  相似文献   

Evaluation of cytokines as adjuvants of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis vaccines     

di Girolamo FA  Sabatini DJ  Fasan RA  Echegoyen M  Vela M  Pereira CA  Maure P 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,145(1-2):563-566

In this work two cytokines were used in combination with inactivated bacteria (bacterin) to test the bovine conjuctival immune response to the pathogen Moraxella bovis, the causative agent of Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). Treatments using the bacterin vaccine combined with interleukin-2 and interferon-α as adjuvants (Group A), the bacterin vaccine only (Group B), and controls without treatment (Group C), were applied by ocular spraying to evaluate the local immune response in the corneal structure of cattle experimentally infected with M. bovis. Six weeks after infection, 14 out of a total of 34 animals presented different corneal lesions; 9 corresponding to the control group C, 4 to the group B and only one to the group A. According to the clinical manifestations, a numeric score was calculated. Control animals presented the highest score value (12 points), followed by group B (7.5 points) and group A (1 point). These results suggest that the addition of cytokines to M. bovis treatments can reduce not only eye injuries caused by IBK but also the number of diseased animals.  相似文献   

Sclerotinia resistance in sunflower. II. Combining ability and midparent heterosis for reaction to ascospore infections at flowering     

Marcela Godoy  Fernando Casta?o  José Ré  Raúl Rodríguez 《Euphytica》2012,188(2):299-307

In Argentina, susceptibility of the sunflower crop to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum capitulum attacks can cause significant yield losses. We reported earlier two hybrids among a series obtained from crosses between inbred lines following a factorial mating design that had a sufficient level of resistance to be adapted to the main Argentina sunflower growing area. Results concerning the per se behavior of the parental lines involved in these crosses and the combining ability and heterosis effects of such parental genotypes are presented in this article. The lines showed different responses to white rot incidence and relative incubation period. There were significant effects for general and specific combining ability and also for midparent heterosis, for the two variables evaluated. Preponderance of additive gene effects on genetic control white rot resistance level was shown. The development of sunflower inbred lines to be used as parents in the production of hybrids for areas requiring moderately resistant hybrids is an important phase in breeding programs. To optimize the use of resources and time, our results suggest that testing general combining ability at early generations of selfing followed by testing of hybrids may be considered as an adequate strategy in breeding for white rot resistance.  相似文献   

Lessons learned from cloning dogs     

MJ Kim  HJ Oh  GA Kim  JE Park  EJ Park  G Jang  JC Ra  SK Kang  BC Lee 《Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene》2012,47(Z4):115-119

The aim of this article is to review dog cloning research and to suggest its applications based on a discussion about the normality of cloned dogs. Somatic cell nuclear transfer was successfully used for production of viable cloned puppies despite limited understanding of in vitro dog embryo production. Cloned dogs have similar growth characteristics to those born from natural fertilization, with no evidence of serious adverse effects. The offspring of cloned dogs also have similar growth performance and health to those of naturally bred puppies. Therefore, cloning in domestic dogs can be applied as an assisted reproductive technique to conserve endangered species, to treat sterile canids or aged dogs, to improve reproductive performance of valuable individuals and to generate disease model animals.  相似文献   

Modulation of specific biochemical blood parameters by helminth infection in laboratory Beagle dogs     

Szweda M  Szarek J  Babińska I  Sokół R  Raś-Noryńska M  Kołodziejska-Sawerska A  Mecik-Kronenberg T 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2012,15(2):387-389

The objective of this study was to examine the independent effect of helminths infection on biochemical blood parameters in Beagles intended for laboratory use which may contribute to a change of experimental results. As a result of research, the authors confirmed the negative effect of helminth invasion on the metabolism of the liver and kidney in laboratory dogs. Stool samples from thirty Beagle puppies were examined for parasites before the puppies were moved to the animal facility, and all were dewormed with Vetminth paste on the day they were moved. Stool examination was performed three more times and animals were given Drontal Plus flavor (Bayer) and Baycox 5% (Bayer). A fourth parasitological examination revealed no intestinal parasites in the feces. Three blood biochemical tests were performed. Experimental results clearly indicate the significant impact of intestinal parasites in dogs used in experiments.  相似文献   

Removal of Cadmium By Natural and Surfactant-Modified Mexican Zeolitic Rocks in Fixed Bed Columns     

Raúl Cortés-Martínez  Marcos Solache-Ríos  Verónica Martínez-Miranda  Ruth Alfaro-Cuevas 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):199-210

The dynamic removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions by natural and surfactant-modified Mexican zeolitic rocks (clinoptilolite–heulandite type) in fixed bed column systems was investigated. The performances of fixed bed columns were described through the breakthrough curves obtained from column experiments and the values of column parameters predicted as a function of bed height. The column adsorption data were evaluated in terms of the bed adsorption capacity and the efficiency of the process. The experimental results fitted well the bed depth service time model (BDST) for both adsorbents, and the empty bed residence time model (EBRT) was used to optimize column operating conditions. The surface modification of the zeolitic rock with surfactant affected the removal of cadmium in fixed bed systems. Moreover, a column experiment with surfactant modified zeolitic rock previously saturated with 4-chlorophenol was carried out and the results showed that this saturation had a negative effect on the performance of the column.  相似文献   

Trace element content in soil after a sediment-laden flood in northern Chile     

Fabio Corradini  Francisco Meza  Raúl Calderón 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(10):2500-2515

  相似文献   

Genetic basis for folk classification of oca (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oxalis tuberosa</Emphasis> Molina; Oxalidaceae): implications for research and conservation of clonally propagated crops     

Lauren J. Moscoe  Raúl Blas  Daniel Huamán Masi  Modesto Huamán Masi  Eve Emshwiller 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(5):867-887

Clonally propagated crops exhibit great diversity and are integral components of global and regional food systems. At the same time, little is known about the mechanisms that generate diversity within clonal crop species, and this diversity is increasingly threatened by economic, environmental, and social change. Research addressing the genetic basis for folk classification of clonal crops can address both of these challenges. Here, we carry out such research through a case study of the Andean tuber crop, oca (Oxalis tuberosa Molina). We employ ethnobotanical and molecular genetic methods to assess the congruence in partitioning of 216 oca accessions with respect to 26 folk taxa and with respect to 31 genetic clones. We find that the greatest number of folk taxa (11) correspond to single, unique genetic clones, but we also identify two instances of single folk taxa comprising multiple genetic clones and two instances of multiple folk taxa comprising single, shared genetic clones. We discuss the potential roles of different diversity-generating mechanisms, such as somaclonal variation and sexual reproduction, underlying these varied forms of congruence in order to inspire more directed research on this topic. We also discuss the implications of our findings on in situ and ex situ conservation work, in which practitioners often approximate crop genetic diversity by counting folk taxa. Ultimately, we argue that efforts to understand and conserve clonal crop diversity will be most effective when both folk classification and its genetic basis are considered together.  相似文献   

Cell Wall Reinforcement in the Potato Tuber Periderm After Crop Treatment with Potassium Phosphite     

María Candela Lobato  Gustavo Raúl Daleo  Adriana Balbina Andreu  Florencia Pía Olivieri 《Potato Research》2018,61(1):19-29

The potato periderm is the outer tissue of potato tubers that protects the tuber from pathogen attack, dehydration, and wounding during harvest and storage. It is of secondary origin and replaces the epidermis early during tuber development. The outer layers of the periderm consist of cells with suberized walls. Phosphite compounds (Phi) are inorganic salts from phosphorous acid, and in previous works, we demonstrated that they are effective in protecting potato plants from biotic stress caused by different pathogens and also against UV-B radiation. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of Phi on the post-harvest potato periderm structure, cell wall components, and related enzymes. In three years of field experiments, potassium phosphite (KPhi) applications were compared with an untreated control. KPhi was applied to seed tubers before planting combined with foliage application of a conventional fungicide, to seed tubers and foliage without conventional fungicide, or to seed tubers combined with foliage application of KPhi plus a conventional fungicide. Observations of periderm sections showed increases in suberin and pectin depositions in post-harvest tubers from KPhi-treated plants compared to tubers from non-treated plants. In addition, peroxidase activity increased in the periderm tissue. The activity of laccases and superoxide dismutase was measured in the protein extract of the periderm, and an increase due to KPhi treatment was detected. The results presented here suggest that early KPhi treatment to seed tubers followed by foliage treatment leads to reinforcement of the cell wall of periderm cells, which represents a benefit for future response to stresses.  相似文献