Accuracy of two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of antibodies to Salmonella spp. in slaughter pigs from Canada     

Mainar-Jaime RC  Atashparvar N  Chirino-Trejo M  Blasco JM 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,85(1-2):41-51

Large discrepancies are usually found when different ELISAs for the diagnosis of pig salmonellosis are compared. Thus, our main goal was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy through Bayesian approaches of two commercial assays (Svanovir™ “test A” and HerdCheck™ “test B”) for the detection of antibodies to Salmonella spp. in slaughter pigs. Previously, we estimated the agreement between both tests and their relative sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) with respect to bacteriology on caecal content and ileocaecal lymph nodes. Test A, at a cut-off OD% ≥20%, indicated higher prevalence than test B (OD% ≥10%) (14.6% vs. 8.6%). Relative Se with respect to overall bacteriology was low (≈30%) and similar for both tests, but the relative Sp was significantly lower for test A compared to B (88% vs. 95%). Both tests failed to detect some pigs infected with Salmonella serogroups B and C₁, which they were supposed to identify. In general, tests showed only fair-to-moderate agreement when they were compared (kappa: 0.41). In the Bayesian models, Se of test A varied between 63% and 77%, while Se of test B was 73%. Sp of A was always lower than that of test B (89% vs. 95%). The implications derived from the use of these imperfect serological tests will have to be accounted for in large-scale Salmonella-control programs.  相似文献   

Survey on Salmonella prevalence in slaughter pigs from Saskatchewan     

Mainar-Jaime RC  Atashparvar N  Chirino-Trejo M  Rahn K 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2008,49(8):793-796

A study on slaughter pigs from Saskatchewan detected Salmonella organisms in 12.5% and 5.2% of cecal content and ileocaecal lymph node samples, respectively. Cecal content prevalence was associated with larger farms and longer lairage periods. Antimicrobial resistance was detected in 41.5% of the isolates. Salmonella Enteritidis was the second most prevalent serotype.  相似文献   

Oral and dental diseases in a population of domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo)          下载免费PDF全文

A. Nemec  M. Zadravec  J. Račnik 《The Journal of small animal practice》2016,57(10):553-560

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Effect of time of progesterone supplementation on serum progesterone and the conception rate of cooled Holstein heifers during the summer          下载免费PDF全文

Abelardo Correa‐Calderón  Leonel Avendaño‐Reyes  Ulises Macias‐Cruz  Raúl Diaz‐Molina  Fernando Rivera‐Acuña 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):745-749

To investigate the effects of progesterone supplementation at two different times on serum progesterone (P₄) concentration, conception rate and resynchronization of cooled Holstein heifers in summer, 90 heifers were randomly assigned to two groups: (i) heifers subjected to TAI (timed artificial insemination) and progesterone supplementation from days 4 to 14 after TAI (S_1; n = 45); and (ii) heifers under the same TAI protocol as S₁ and progesterone supplementation from days 17 to 22 after TAI (S₂; n = 45). The groups S₁ and S₂ were cooled 10 days before and 21 days after TAI. Respiratory rate, body surface temperature, vaginal temperature and rectal temperature recorded during the experiment were not different (P > 0.05) between S₁ and S₂ groups. Progesterone concentration was not different (P > 0.05) in S₁ compared to S₂. The conception rates on days 30 and 55 were similar between groups (P > 0.05). Progesterone supplementation did not increase either conception rate or concentrations of P₄ in heifers during the summer. Heifers not pregnant to first service in the group S₂ were resynchronized (77.7%) for a second breeding.  相似文献   

Effects of summer heat stress on physiological variables,ovulation and progesterone secretion in Pelibuey ewes under natural outdoor conditions in an arid region          下载免费PDF全文

Ulises Macías‐Cruz  Miguel A. Gastélum  Francisco D. Álvarez  Abelardo Correa  Raúl Díaz  César A. Meza‐Herrera  Miguel Mellado  Leonel Avendaño‐Reyes 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(3):354-360

Ten non‐lactating multiparous Pelibuey breed ewes were housed in a corral to evaluate the effects of summer thermal stress on physiologic variables, estrous behavior, ovulation and corpus luteum functionality under natural conditions of an arid region. In summer and autumn, daily estrous detection with a ram fitted with an apron and blood sample collections were performed during two natural estrous cycles. An environment of heat stress was detected in summer and thermoneutral in autumn. Rectal temperature and respiratory frequency were greater (P < 0.01) in summer than in autumn during the morning and afternoon. Season did not affect (P > 0.05) live weight, body condition, length of estrous cycle or percentage of ewes in estrous and ovulating. Compared with autumn, serum progesterone concentrations in summer decreased (P < 0.05) between days 8 and 14 of the estrous cycle. It is concluded that under outdoor conditions of arid regions, while estrous and ovulatory activities of Pelibuey ewes were not affected by summer thermal stress, the corpus luteum functionality was decreased.  相似文献   

Lambing rate and prolificacy in inseminated hair sheep treated with bovine somatotropin     

José Maria Carrera-Chávez  Joel Hernández-Cerón  Carlos Fernando Aréchiga-Flores  Marco Antonio López-Carlos  Raúl Renato Lozano-Domínguez  Andrés Quezada-Casasola  Francisco Guadalupe Echavarría-Cháirez 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(4):699-703

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Nitrate influx in rose plants during day-night cycle     

Raúl Cárdenas-Navarro  Vilma del Carmen Castellanos-Morales  Luis López-Pérez  Juan José Peña-Cabriales  Fidel Vargas-De la Cruz  Idolina Flores-Cortez 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(4):486-491

In herbaceous plants grown in controlled environmental conditions nitrate (NO₃^?) uptake increases during the day and decreases in the night. The aim of this work was to measure NO₃^? uptake rates along the day-night cycle, in rose (Rosa hybrida L.) plants grown under controlled environmental conditions. Two independent experiments were conducted inside a growth chamber at 20 ºC and 25 ºC, using rose mini-plants cv. Texas, grown in a hydroponic nutrient film technique (NFT) set-up with at 3.0 mol m^?3 NO₃^? concentration. Dry matter and nitrogen (N) accumulation were registered during growth and NO₃^? uptake rates were measured during a day-night cycle, using ¹⁵N as ¹⁵NO₃^?. In both experiments the hourly estimated N-NO₃^? accumulation rates are near to the measured uptake rates of ¹⁵NO₃^? and nitrate uptake decrease during the day and increase in the night, in contrast with the herbaceous plants. Results are discussed on the basis of N plant demand and carbohydrates availability.  相似文献   

The onset of hazel wood formation in Norway spruce (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Picea abies</Emphasis> [L.] Karst.) stems     

Vladimír Račko  František Kačík  Oľga Mišíková  Pavol Hlaváč  Igor Čunderlík  Jaroslav Ďurkovič 《Annals of Forest Science》2018,75(3):82

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Analysis of water balance by surface–groundwater interaction using the SWAT model for the Han River basin,South Korea     

So Ra Ahn  Seong Joon Kim 《Paddy and Water Environment》2018,16(3):543-560

The water balance and groundwater dynamics due to surface–groundwater interactions for watershed health assessment were investigated for the Han River basin (34,148 km²) of South Korea using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The model was established considering 4 multipurpose dams and 3 multifunction weirs. The SWAT was spatially calibrated and validated using daily observed inflows for the dam (2005–2014) and weir (2012–2014) as well as evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and groundwater level data (2009–2013). The simulation results revealed the impact of surface–groundwater exchange fluxes on the water balance and baseflow by evaluating the vertical water budget and horizontal water transfer. Evapotranspiration in the surface and return flows from the shallow aquifer for the dry season was estimated to be 29 and 10% higher than for the wet season, respectively. Percolation’s role was also significant, providing approximately 24% of the annual groundwater recharge to shallow aquifers in the rainy season. On average, the February to August period (A) was characterized by a net flux of infiltration into the groundwater. For the September to January period (B), the proportion of groundwater flow into the river of the basin was nearly balanced by a slight increase in surface water infiltration. During period A of average surface water infiltration into the groundwater, the net groundwater recharge was positive and up to 20% of the infiltration during this period resulted from groundwater recharge. These results showed that groundwater recharge is strongly affected by the surface water and groundwater interactions.  相似文献   

Use of estrone sulfate determination in goat blood for the detection of pregnancy and prediction of fetal number]     

T Janowski  S Zduńczyk  A Ra?  E S Mwaanga 《Tier?rztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere》1999,27(2):107-109

The study was carried out on 50 goats of Polish White breed. Blood samples were taken on day 60 after mating from V. jugularis. Pregnancy diagnosis was made using transcutan ultrasound scanning (Pie Medical Scanner 2000 with a 5 MHz curved array probe). The estrone sulphate level was determined by RIA method after extraction and hydrolysis with arylsulphatase/glucuronidase from Helix pomatia. As a threshold value for differentiation of pregnant from nonpregnant goats 1 ng/ml was assumed. In eight nonpregnant goats the estrone sulphate level was 0.61 +/- 0.21 ng/ml. In 42 pregnant goats the level was 6.1 +/- 3.5 ng/ml. The diagnosis was correct in all cases. The number of single, twin and triplet pregnancies was six, 34 and two, respectively. Estrone values in goats with twin pregnancies were significantly higher compared to those with single pregnancies (7.2 +/- 4.1 ng/ml vs. 4.5 +/- 1.8 ng/ml; p < or = 0.01). The results of this study indicate, that the determination of estrone sulphate in blood of goats may be useful for pregnancy diagnosis. The estrone sulphate level in goats with twins is higher, but due to high variation between animals the number of fetuses cannot be exactly predicted.  相似文献