TP53 Polymorphisms allow for genetic sub-grouping of the canine transmissible venereal tumor     

Abel S��nchez-Serv��n  Sim��n Mart��nez  Emilio C��rdova-Alarcon  Ra��l Fajardo 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2009,10(4):353-355

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Antigens from the midgut membranes of Ornithodoros erraticus induce lethal anti-tick immune responses in pigs and mice     

Manzano-Román R  Encinas-Grandes A  Pérez-Sánchez R 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,135(1):65-79

Ornithodoros erraticus is an argasid tick that can transmit severe diseases such as human relapsing fever and African swine fever. In southern Europe O. erraticus lives in close association with swine on free-range pig farms. Application of acaricides for the eradication of O. erraticus from pig farms is inefficient. This is the reason why we tried to develop an anti-O. erraticus vaccine as alternative method of control. Accordingly, we were prompted to investigate the protective possibilities of a midgut membrane extract from the parasite (GME) that has not been studied hitherto. Administration of the GME with Freund's adjuvants (FAs) to pigs and mice induced a protective response able to kill 80% of the immature forms of the parasite in the first 72 h post-feeding and to reduce the fecundity of females by more than 50%. The action of the vaccine is the result of damage to the midgut wall of the argasid, and, in mice, it has been shown that this damage is mediated by activation of the complement system. In pigs, the administration of GME with alum, instead of with FAs, reduced the degree of protection. The protective antigens of the GME were expressed by all the developmental stages examined and are probably proteins from the luminal membrane of midgut epithelial cells. These antigens were seen to be more abundant in recently fed parasites than in fasting specimens, suggesting that their expression is induced after blood ingestion.  相似文献   

Characterization and application of recombinant β-glucosidase (BglH) from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus licheniformis</Emphasis> KCTC 1918     

In Seong Choi  Seung Gon Wi  Se Ra Jung  Darshan H. Patel  Hyeun-Jong Bae 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(5):329-334

β-Glucosidase (β-1,4-D-glucoside glucohydrolase: EC.3.2.1.21) catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-glucosidic bonds between saccharides and aryl or alkyl groups. A gene encoding β-glucosidase from Bacillus licheniformis KCTC 1918, an anaerobic spore-forming soil bacterium, was cloned and characterized. The structural gene for the β-glucosidase consists of 1410 bp encoding 469 amino acid residues, and has a molecular weight of 53.4 kDa as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with 12% separating gel. The enzyme activity was determined against pNPG as a substrate. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 6.0 (citrate-phosphate buffer) and 47°C. β-Glucosidase retained 100% of its original activity for 24 h. The activity of the enzyme was stimulated by glycerol and urea and was decreased by Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺, Hg²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Mn²⁺. In particular, Cu²⁺ had the strongest negative effect on β-glucosidase activity. The purified β-glucosidase was active against pNPG and cellobiose. When the β-glucosidase was tested for cellulose hydrolysis, the supplement of β-glucosidase with cellulose increased the glucose yield from pine wood powder by 139.8%.  相似文献   

Differentiation of citrus bacterial canker strains in Korea by host range,rep-PCR fingerprinting and 16S rDNA analysis     

Yong Hoon Lee  Seungdon Lee  Dong Hee Lee  Sang Hye Ji  Hyun Young Chang  Sunggi Heu  Jae Wook Hyun  Dong-Soo Ra  Eun Woo Park 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,120(1):97-102

Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV) causes a severe disease in susceptible cultivars of winter wheat. The virus is vectored by the soil-borne protist Polymyxa graminis. Experiments were conducted to investigate whether SBCMV RNA2 could persist in seed from SBCMV-infected susceptible cultivars of winter wheat. Over 7,000 seedlings were generated from seed collected from two cultivars of SBCMV-infected winter wheat. Seedlings were grown in a glasshouse compartment and batch tested for the presence of SBCMV using real-time RT-PCR. The majority of batches tested positive for SBCMV, indicating an RNA2 transmission rate of 1.8–9.4% in wheat. The presence of the virus was confirmed by amplifying and sequencing a larger (400 bp) fragment of viral RNA2 in a sub-set of the seedlings testing positive by real-time RT-PCR. Root extracts from this sub-set tested negative for P. graminis using real-time PCR. The implications for disease epidemiology of this virus are discussed. The authors are British Civil Servants and as such their work is subject to British Crown Copyright. This means the exclusive copyright for the article cannot be transferred.  相似文献   

Integrative approach of histopathology and histomorphometry of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) organs as a marker of general fish health state in pond culture          下载免费PDF全文

Božidar Rašković  Stanislav Čičovački  Miloš Ćirić  Zoran Marković  Vesna Poleksić 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(11):3455-3463

The semi‐intensive system of common carp monoculture in earthen ponds is currently the most practiced fish rearing system in several countries in Eastern Europe. This system is based on the addition of supplemented feed to ponds to achieve faster growth. In this study, the general state of the fish health was monitored when three different types of feeds were used: grain cereals (CF), commercial pelleted feed and extruded feed. The markers used were: (i) the histopathological index (HP) of the main organs: gills, liver and kidney; and (ii) the histomorphometric parameters of the hepatocytes and enterocytes to assess the state of the digestive system in fish fed different types of supplemented feed. At the end of the experiment, the fish were in good health, since irreversible lesions were not noticed to a greater extent in any of the fish organs. There were also no other severe lesions present. However, the results showed differences in the HP indices of the liver and gills, as well as the total HP index, indicating a better health status of the fish in the CF group. The histomorphometric results showed larger cytoplasmic areas of hepatocytes in fish fed CF, which is attributed to glycogen accumulation and higher numbers of goblet cells in the distal intestines of fish fed compound feeds. This can be attributed to slight inflammation.  相似文献   

Identification and Quantitative Analysis of Carotenoids and Their Esters from Sarsaparilla ( Smilax aspera L.) Berries     

R Delgado-Pelayo  D Hornero-Méndez 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(33):8225-8232

The carotenoid composition of sarsaparilla ( Smilax aspera L.) berries has been analyzed for the first time. Lycopene was found to be the main carotenoid (242.44 μg/g fresh wt) in the pulp, followed by β-carotene (65.76 μg/g fresh wt) and β-cryptoxanthin (42.14 μg/g fresh wt; including the free and esterified forms). Other minor carotenoids were lycophyll (13.70 μg/g fresh wt), zeaxanthin (8.56 μg/g fresh wt; including the free and esterified forms), lutein (0.94 μg/g fresh wt), and antheraxanthin (0.58 μg/g fresh wt). β-Cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin were present in free and esterified forms. β-Cryptoxanthin was mainly esterified with saturated fatty acids (capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic), although a low amount of β-cryptoxanthin oleate was also detected. In the case of zeaxanthin, only a monoester with myristic acid (zeaxanthin monomyristate) was identified. The diverse carotenoid profile, some with provitamin A activity, together with the relatively high content, up to 375 μg/g fresh wt, makes sarsaparilla berries a potential source of carotenoids for the food, animal feed, and pharmaceutical industries.  相似文献   

Vaccination of one-day-old broiler chicks against infectious coryza     

Conde MD  Huberman YD  Espinoza AM  Delgado RI  Terzolo HR 《Avian diseases》2011,55(1):119-122

In order to evaluate the protection conferred by an experimental inactivated vaccine against infectious coryza, three challenge trials were undertaken using 112 1-day-old broilers. The vaccine "Hepa Inmuno NC" included bacterial antigens of Avibacterium paragallinarum (serogroups A, B, variant B, and C) as well as antigens of Newcastle virus and hepatitis virus. Fifty-six broiler chicks were vaccinated at the first day of life at the hatchery while another 56 chicks were left unvaccinated. Three infection trials were conducted simultaneously using each of the three serogroups A, B, or C of Av. paragallinarum. In each trial, 17 vaccinated and 17 unvaccinated broilers were used. Challenge was performed at day 31 of life by injection, into the left infraorbital sinus, of approximately 1 x 10(5) colony forming units of the corresponding Av. paragallinarum strain. Clinical signs were recorded on day 2 postchallenge. All broilers were euthanatized and both infraorbital sinuses were bacteriologically examined for the presence of Av. paragallinarum on day 5 postchallenge. In comparison with the unvaccinated broilers, the vaccine significantly reduced the number of broilers with clinical signs after challenge with serogroup B, and significantly fewer vaccinated broilers were positive for the presence of Av. paragallinarum after challenge with serogroup C. On the other hand, no significant protection was observed when broilers were challenged with Av. paragallinarum from serogroup A. Despite the high infection rates in vaccinated chicks after an experimental infection with Av. paragallinarum, it was possible to reduce colonization of Av. paragallinarum (serogroup B) and clinical signs (serogroup C) in broiler chicks by vaccination at the first day of life. Further cross-protection trials should be done, including other Av. paragallinarum strains in the vaccine, especially those from serogroup A.  相似文献   

The presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on large pig breeding farms in Croatia     

Habrun B  Račić I  Beck R  Budimir A  Benić M  Kompes G  Spičić S  Cvetnić Z 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2011,59(4):419-425

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have emerged worldwide and have become resistant to a variety of antibiotics. MRSA colonisation in pigs was first reported from the Netherlands in 2005, where pigs were implicated as a source of human MRSA infections (Voss et al., 2005). This paper presents the first report on the presence of MRSA on large pig breeding farms in Croatia, together with the determination of the mecA gene, the results of spa typing and susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobials. Dust samples (7-11 per farm) were collected from eight large pig farms in Croatia. Of the total 68 swabs, the mecA gene was detected in 24 isolates growing on the MRSA agar. All isolates were resistant to oxacillin, tetracycline and streptomycin, and susceptible only to vancomycin, while 92% of the strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Genotyping of the MRSA strains was performed by spa typing, and revealed t011 (n = 17), t034 (n = 5) and t1451 (n = 2). The results presented here predict that MRSA is present on a large number of pig farms in Croatia.  相似文献   

Cloning, characterization and diagnostic performance of the salivary lipocalin protein TSGP1 from Ornithodoros moubata     

Díaz-Martín V  Manzano-Román R  Siles-Lucas M  Oleaga A  Pérez-Sánchez R 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,178(1-2):163-172

The argasid tick Ornithodoros moubata is distributed throughout South and East Africa and Madagascar, where it colonizes wild and domestic habitats and feeds on warthogs, domestic swine, and humans. This argasid transmits the spirochete Borrelia duttonii, causing East African tick-borne relapsing fever in humans, and the African swine fever virus, which causes a highly lethal haemorrhagic disease in pigs. Tick surveillance and the elimination of O. moubata from synanthropic environments (human dwellings and pigsties) would facilitate the control and prevention of these two diseases. Since direct surveillance methods are impractical in this context, the development of an indirect method for the detection of specific antibodies against tick salivary proteins in samples taken from animal or human hosts living in the area under study would provide a more convenient surveillance and diagnostic tool. Previous work has indicated that the 20A1 salivary antigen of O. moubata could be an optimal candidate for the development of a specific serological test and identified it as an orthologue of the Ornithodoros savignyi TSGP1 lipocalin. The objectives of the present work were to clone, sequence, and molecularly characterize the O. moubata TSGP1, as well as its production as a recombinant protein in order to assess its usefulness as a diagnostic antigen in an ELISA test for tick surveillance. Our results show that O. moubata TSGP1 (OmTSGP1) conserves the tertiary structure of lipocalins and contains the biogenic amine-binding motif. We also show that OmTSGP1 shares 65% sequence identity with the O. savignyi TSGP1, demonstrating that they represent orthologous proteins and suggesting they share identical function as biogenic amine scavengers. A recombinant form of OmTSGP1 was produced, showing 100% sensitivity and 99.4% specificity in an ELISA test for the detection of anti-O. moubata antibodies in pig sera. This recombinant antigen represents a promising epidemiological tool for O. moubata surveillance that may help to implement control measures against O. moubata-borne diseases.  相似文献   

Levels of 131I and Six Natural Radionuclides in Sludge from the Sewage Treatment Plant of Valladolid, Spain     

Fernando Jim??nez  Luis Deb??n  Rafael Pardo  Ra??l L??pez  Marta Garc??a-Talavera 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,217(1-4):515-521

The levels of ¹³¹I and six natural radionuclides (²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²¹⁰Pb, ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁴Ra, and ⁴⁰K) were determined in sewage sludge samples obtained from an urban wastewater treatment plant that services a medium-sized town in Spain. Secondary treatment of wastewater consisting of anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic stages is collectively called A2O processing. Radio analytical determinations were performed by gamma spectrometry using a high-purity germanium detector. This technique has proven useful in identifying local radioactive pollution. This type of pollution was consistently detected throughout the year, with several increases associated with authorized discharges from hospitals. Finally, we examined the radiation dose that workers are exposed to due to the presence of ¹³¹I in the sludge. We found inhalation risk to be negligible, with external radiation as the main source of exposure to ¹³¹I.  相似文献