Yield and quality of melon grown under different irrigation and nitrogen rates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M.J. Cabello  F. Romojaro  F. Ribas 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):866-874

During 2 years, a melon crop (Cucumis melo L. cv. Sancho) was grown under field conditions to investigate the effects of different nitrogen (N) and irrigation (I) levels on fruit yield, fruit quality, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and nitrogen applied efficiency (NAE). The statistical design was a split-plot with four replications, where irrigation was the main factor of variation and N was the secondary factor. In 2005, irrigation treatments consisted of applying daily a moderate water stress equivalent to 75% of ETc (crop evapotranspiration), a 100% ETc control and an excess irrigation of 125% ETc (designated as I₇₅, I₁₀₀ and I₁₂₅), while the N treatments were 30, 85, 112 and 139 kg N ha⁻¹ (designated as N₃₀, N₈₅, N₁₁₂ and N₁₃₉). In 2006, both the irrigation and N treatments applied were: 60, 100 and 140% ETc (I₆₀, I₁₀₀ and I₁₄₀) and 93, 243 and 393 kg N ha⁻¹ (N₉₃, N₂₄₃ and N₃₉₃). Moderate water stress did not reduce melon yield and high IWUE was obtained. Under severe deficit irrigation, the yield was reduced by 22% mainly due to decrease fruit weight. The relative yield (yield/maximum yield) was higher than 95% when the irrigation depth applied was in the range of 87-136% ETc. In 2006, the interaction between irrigation and N was significant for yield, fruit weight and IWUE. The best yield, 41.3 Mg ha⁻¹, was obtained with 100% ETc at N₉₃. The flesh firmness and the placenta and seeds weight increased when the irrigation level was reduced by 60% ETc. The highest NAE was obtained with quantities of water close to 100% ETc and increased as the N level was reduced. The highest IWUE was obtained with applications close to 90 kg N ha⁻¹. The I₂₄₃ and I₃₉₃ treatments produced inferior fruits due to higher skin ratios and lower flesh ratios. These results suggest that it is possible to apply moderate deficit irrigation, around 90% ETc, and reduce nitrogen input to 90 kg ha⁻¹ without lessening quality and yields.  相似文献   

Effects of Ethylene diurea as a protective antiozonant on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv Lit) exposed to different tropospheric ozone doses in Catalonia (NE Spain)     

Ribas  A.  Peñuelas  J. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2000,117(1-4):263-271

A study to evaluate the effects of ethylene diurea (EDU) as a protective antiozonant for beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) submitted to different ambient ozone concentrations was performed in three stations of the rural Network for Air Quality Monitoring (Catalonia, NE Spain). The highest ozone concentrations were accompanied by significant reductions in fruit yield, number of fruits and shoot biomass. These reductions were lower in plants treated with EDU. The results showed toxic ozone effects on sensitive species such as beans and a protective antiozonant effect of EDU. The intensity of the EDU protective effect differed among the different stations characterised by different meteorological conditions and O₃ concentrations.  相似文献   

Testicular shape,scrotal skin thickness and testicular artery blood flow changes in bulls of different ages     

Luís Afonso Marques Claus  Flávio Antônio Barca Junior  Celso Koetz Junior  Gabriel Ribas Pereira  Patrícia da Cruz Fávaro  Fabio Procópio Ferreira  Victor Hugo Gonçalves Galdioli  Marcelo Marcondes Seneda  Edson Luís de Azambuja Ribeiro 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(7):1034-1039

The aim of this study was to compare the biometric testicular characteristics, skin thickness and haemodynamics of the testicular artery of 12- and 24-month-old bulls using Doppler ultrasonography, the study was conducted using 48 indicus-taurus animals. The scrotal circumference (SC) and biometry characteristics of the bulls were measured to calculate the testicular volume. Doppler ultrasonography was used to obtain the haemodynamic values of the testicular artery. The skin thickness and volume were lower (p<.01) in the younger bulls (12 months:4.68 ± 0.68 mm; 168.76 ± 47.96 cm³) versus 24 months (5.05 ± 0.89; 499.73 ± 129.24 cm³) animals (p<.01). During diastole, mean velocity was lower in the 12 months (7.98 ± 3.83) than in the 24 months (11.37 ± 4.15) animals (p <.05). The 12-month-old animals had higher pulsatility and resistivity indices (0.49 ± 0.02; 0.51 ± 0.20) compared to the 24-month-old animals (0.32 ± 0.16; 0.40 ± 0.15) (p < .05). The final testicular end velocity was lower in animals with long/moderate-shaped (L/M) (7.31 ± 2.91) than in those moderate/oval-shaped (M/O) (11.48 ± 3.88) testicles (p < .05). Animals with L/M testes presented higher pulsatility values and resistivity indices (0.51 ± 0.05; 0.55 ± 0.04) compared to animals with M/O shape (0.29 ± 0.20; 0.36 ± 0.15). We showed that the blood flow of the supra testicular artery between the two evaluated ages differed, and that 24-month-old bulls presented better thermoregulation capacity. Animals with a long/moderate testicular format presented a greater vascular resistance, which was imposed on the blood flow due to the anatomical differences in the testicular artery, resulting in lower velocity, and indicating better heat dissipation in this format.  相似文献   

Spectral Doppler ultrasound in selecting an equine embryo receiver     

Camila Silva Costa Ferreira  Rita de Cássia Lima Morais  Amanda Bricio Pereira de Andrade  Mário Felipe A. Balaro  José Antônio Silva Ribas  Gustavo Mendes Gomes  Aline Emerim Pinna 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(6):747-752

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the RI and PI values would help in choosing the best embryo recipient, and observe whether CL vascularization would influence P4 production. During the breeding season 2018/2019, the study was conducted using 35 mares, which is used for reference to collect data for the project on the day of embryo transfer. The utilized mares were divided into five groups followed by the day after ovulation, with D0 being the day of ovulation. Therefore, the five groups are as follows: D4—mares that were on the 4th post-ovulation day; D5—mares that were on the 5th post-ovulation day; and doing so successively for D6, D7 and D8. On the day of embryo transfer, the CL of the mares that selected as recipients was evaluated by B-mode and power flow mode ultrasonography and the right and left dorsal branches of the uterine arteries by spectral Doppler ultrasonography. Blood samples were taken on the day of the embryo transfer for a dosage of P4 concentration by radioimmunoassay. No statistical difference was found between the variables when the mares were separated into pregnant and non-pregnant mares, or when they were separated by age groups. When the groups of mares were compared by the day of embryo transfer, the statistical difference was found between the groups D5 × D6 (p = .0053) and D6 × D8 (p = .0036) in RI variable. In PI variable, the statistical difference was found between the groups D4 × D8 (p = .049), D5 × D6 (p = .0446) and D6 × D8 (p = .0024). We conclude that the mares with RI measurement of uterine arteries near 1.0 are correlated to mares with high CL vascularization and elevated P4 concentration.  相似文献   

Potential synergistic effect of Melia azedarach fruit extract and Beauveria bassiana in the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in cattle infestations     

Sousa LA  Pires HB  Soares SF  Ferri PH  Ribas P  Lima EM  Furlong J  Bittencourt VR  Perinotto WM  Borges LM 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(3-4):320-324

The use of a concentrate emulsion of Melia azedarach green fruits and a suspension of the fungus Beauveria bassiana was evaluated in the control of Rhipicephalus microplus on artificially infested cattle. The evaluation was conducted following the protocol established by the Brazilian Agriculture Ministry. Five groups of 4 or 5 animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: emulsion concentrate of M. azedarach at 0.25% (T AZED 0.25%), emulsion concentrate of M. azedarach at 0.5% (T AZED 0.5%), B. bassiana at 2.4 × 10(8) conidia (T BASS), association of the concentrate of M. azedarach at 0.25% with B. bassiana at 2.4 × 10(8) conidia (T AZED 0.25%+BASS), and control (untreated). The association of the two compounds provided better results than any one isolated treatment, indicating compatibility or perhaps a synergy between M. azedarach and B. bassiana. This treatment resulted in fewer engorged females (129 ± 70) than in the control group (233 ± 82), showing high performance against all developmental stages of the tick. Results revealed an apparent synergistic effect of M. azedarach and B. bassiana in the control of R. microplus that should be further investigated.  相似文献   

Ibuprofen Genotoxicity in Aquatic Environment: An Experimental Model Using Oreochromis niloticus     

Marilaine Ragugnetti  M?nica L. Adams  Ana T. B. Guimar?es  Graziela Sponchiado  Eliane Carvalho de Vasconcelos  C��ntia Mara Ribas de Oliveira 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,218(1-4):361-364

Medicines and their metabolites have been found as water contaminants at very low concentrations; moreover, there is no extensive toxicological data to determine the risks associated with their occurrence in water resources. The ibuprofen genotoxicity potential to the Oreochromis niloticus fish (Tilapia), due to nanograms per liter exposure, was evaluated using the micronucleus test. Acute (48 h) and sub-chronic assays (10 days) were carried out at 300 ng/L ibuprofen aquatic concentration comparing with the negative control group (without treatment), with eight animals per group. The results were assessed from the average of triplicate analyses. The micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood of fish was determined using a sample size of 3,000 erythrocytes per animal. Significance was defined using t test (p????0.05). The bioassay results showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei for both exposure times in comparison to the negative control. The micronucleus frequency observed for the sub-chronic tests was higher than the one identified in the acute assays. The observed ibuprofen genotoxic effects demonstrated an aquatic environmental risk of this pharmaceutical, which occurs for the used fish experimental model in lower concentration than previously described for other aquatic organisms.  相似文献   

Comparison of meningio-angiomatosis in a man and a dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J L Ribas  J Carpenter  H Mena 《Veterinary pathology》1990,27(5):369-371

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Irrigation scheduling for traditional,low-density olive orchards: Water relations and influence on oil characteristics     

Alfonso Moriana  David Pérez-López  Aurora Gómez-Rico  María de los Desamparados Salvador  Nicolás Olmedilla  Francisco Ribas  Giuseppe Fregapane 《Agricultural Water Management》2007

An experiment was performed in a low-density olive orchard (69 trees ha⁻¹) to study the recovery from water stress of olive trees under different irrigation managements. The effect of water stress on oil quality was also examined. The trees were subjected to one of four irrigation treatments: rain-fed conditions, irrigation with either 100% or 125% of the crop evapotranspiration (ET_c) level, or a deficit treatment in which only 60 mm of water were provided (at different times depending on the weather and phenological stage of the crop). The irrigation water in the deficit treatment was some 43% of the water applied in the 125% treatment. Plant water relations were determined periodically by measuring the water potential of covered leaves and the stomatal conductance at midday. The trees in the water deficit and rain-fed treatments rapidly recovered from water stress after receiving irrigation water or autumn rainwater, respectively, reaching the condition of the fully irrigated trees. However, stomatal conductance took longer to recover. Recovery at mid-summer in the deficit treatment was related to the amount of water in the soil; in autumn, however, this relationship was not so clear in rain-fed trees. The effect on oil quality was recorded in terms of the total concentration of phenolic compounds (TP). This was strongly related to the water stress integral, suggesting that the effect of irrigation on this variable occurs year-round and not just during the oil accumulation phase. Thus, even with low doses of water it should be possible to significantly reduce the TP concentration. Since recovery from water stress is rapid when irrigation is concentrated in the second half of summer, such an irrigation regimen might allow efficient use of the limited amounts of water available in central Spain.  相似文献   

Influenza A Virus Surveillance in the Invasive American Mink (Neovison vison) from Freshwater Ecosystems,Northern Spain          下载免费PDF全文

H. Gholipour  N. Busquets  X. Fernández‐Aguilar  A. Sánchez  M. P. Ribas  G. De Pedro  P. Lizarraga  O. Alarcia‐Alejos  C. Temiño  O. Cabezón 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(5):363-369

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are negative‐sense, single‐stranded and segmented RNA viruses of the Orthomyxoviridae family that may cause acute respiratory disease in a wide range of birds and mammals. Susceptibility of several species within the family Mustelidae to IAVs has been reported as a result of natural or experimental infections. The objectives of this study were to assess whether free‐ranging American mink populations from Northern Spain were infected with IAV and try to define the role of this species in the epidemiology of IAV. Sera from 689 American mink from Northern Spain captured between 2011 and 2014 were tested for the presence of antibodies against IAVs using a commercial competition cELISA. Positive sera were further analysed with haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Fifteen of the 689 (2.2%, 1.3–3.6 CI_95%) of the American minks analysed were ELISA positive. No significant differences were observed between years of capture, provinces, river basins, sexes or ages of the animals. All seropositive sera resulted negative to the panel strains used in the HI assay, showing that the most relevant strains circulating in swine, the most relevant avian subtypes (H5 and H7) and the H10N4 subtype isolated in minks have not been circulating in this free‐ranging exotic carnivore from Spain. In the light of these results, the free‐range American mink from Northern Spain do not seem to have an important role in the epidemiology of IAVs.  相似文献   

The Relative Sensitivity of Different Mediterranean Plant Species to Ozone Exposure     

R. Inclán  A. Ribas  J. Peñuelas  B. S. Gimeno 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1999,116(1-2):273-277

An experimental study was performed in open-top chambers to assess the relative O₃-sensitivity of the following Mediterranean woody plants: Quercus ilex ssp. ilex, Quercus ilex ssp. ballota, Olea europaea ssp. sylvestris, Ceratonia siliqua and Arbutus unedo. Assessment of O₃ ‘sensitivity’ was based on the development of O₃-induced visible injury and the extent of the reduction in relative growth rate induced by O₃. Two-year-old seedlings were exposed in open-top chambers to charcoal filtered air (CFA), Non-filtered air (NFA) or Non-filtered air supplied with 40 ppb O₃ from 09:00 to 18:00 hours (NFA+40). No clear relationships were found between the development of visible injury and effects on plant growth or accumulated biomass. Olea europea ssp. sylvestris and Quercus ilex ssp. ballota appeared to be the most O₃-sensitive tree species screened; a ten month exposure to ambient O₃ levels (AOT40 = 12.4 ppm.h) caused reductions in height and/or stem growth. Further research is needed to characterise the physiological, biochemical and anatomical characteristics that may underlie the ‘sensitivity’ of certain Mediterranean species to O₃  相似文献