Chronic interstitial myocarditis in primates.     

S R Qureshi 《Veterinary pathology》1979,16(4):486-487

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Intravenous administration of a new volatile anesthetic, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl sulfide, in dogs and monkeys     

K N Salman  R S Rozman  H F Cascorbi  J C Krantz 《American journal of veterinary research》1968,29(1):165-172

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Evaluation of surveillance and sample collection methods to document freedom from infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle populations     

Chriel M  Salman MD  Wagner BA 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(12):2149-2153

OBJECTIVES: To assess the sensitivity of the current surveillance program used in Denmark for detecting outbreaks of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) at the herd level and to evaluate the impact of alternative sample collection strategies on the sensitivity of the system in an acceptable time frame. SAMPLE POPULATION: Data from the Danish Central Husbandry Register on cattle of 24,355 and 25,233 beef herds and on 13,034 and 12,003 dairy herds in the years 2000 and 2001, respectively. PROCEDURES: Surveillance programs were evaluated under current sample collection conditions and under 3 alternative scenarios by use of simulation modeling. Data from the current detection component of the surveillance system were used as input, taking into consideration the sensitivity and specificity of bulktank milk and serologic testing. RESULTS:The current system identifies infected dairy herds within a 3-month period with desired accuracy largely because of the test characteristics and number of bulk-tank milk samples. The system is less likely to detect infected beef herds in a timely manner because surveillance in beef herds depends solely on serologic testing at the time of slaughter. The efficiency of surveillance in dairy cattle herds was not decreased substantially when the slaughter-surveillance component was omitted. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:Geographically targeted sample collection during the high-risk season (winter) was predicted to increase the probability of rapid detection of IBR infection in cattle. This approach can be used for assessing other surveillance systems to determine the best strategies for detection of infected herds.  相似文献   

A prospective study of vesicular stomatitis in cattle in an enzootic region of Mexico     

J. Hernandez De Anda  M.D. Salman  J. Mason  T.J. Keefe  P.A. Webb  J.S. Reif  R. Akkina 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1992,14(3-4):209-215

A prospective study of vesicular stomatitis was conducted in two bovine herds in southeastern Mexico. In July 1987, an initial serological screening showed that 64% and 87% of the 654 cattle tested negatively to vesicular stomatitis New Jersey and Indiana antibodies, respectively, using the plaque-reduction serum neutralization test. Most seropositive animals were at least 24 months of age. Based on the initial serological screening, cohorts of seronegative and seropositive cattle were monitered (January–December 1988) for the prevalence of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serological results, using ELISA, indicated that no VSV activity occured in the two study herds. The seronegative cohort of cattle did not yield a positive seroconversion pattern to either VSV Indiana or New Jersey. The seropositive cohort showed a variable antibody response pattern against the VSV. There were no clinical cases of vesicular stomatitis (VS) in the two herds. The data from the national surveillance program for vesicular diseases suggested that 1988 was a year of low VSV infection incidence in southeastern Mexico.  相似文献   

Rates of diseases and their associated costs in two Colorado sheep feedlots (1985-1986)     

M D Salman  D A Dargatz  C V Kimberling  J S Reif  G E Hopper 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,193(12):1518-1523

Data related to rates of disease and their associated costs were collected for 12 months from 2 sheep feedlots in northern Colorado. There was an apparent seasonal occurrence of many of the diseases. Pneumonia, enterotoxemia, acidosis, and transport tetany accounted for most of the diseases seen in these feedlots and were responsible for most of the economic losses. There was a large difference in the incidence of diseases between the 2 feedlots and in the expenditures for disease prevention between the 2 feedlots.  相似文献   

The abomasal histology of worm-free sheep given primary and challenge infections of Haemonchus contortus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

S K Salman  J L Duncan 《Veterinary parasitology》1984,16(1-2):43-54

The histological changes in the abomasal mucosa of pairs of worm-free ewes and lambs were compared at various stages after infection and reinfection with 350 Haemonchus contortus L3 per kg bodyweight. In terms of worm burdens the ewes were relatively resistant to reinfection compared with the lambs and the histological changes in the abomasum at most stages after infection were more marked in the adult animals. These included increases in the numbers of mast cells, globule leucocytes, eosinophils and IgA plasma cells in the mucosa.  相似文献   

Regeneration in sugarcane via somatic embryogenesis and genomic instability in regenerated plants     

Saboohi Raza  Syeda Qamarunisa  Mushtaq Hussain  Ishrat Jamil  Sadia Anjum  Abid Azhar  Javed Ahmed Qureshi 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2012,15(2):131-136

In the present study, embryogenic calli of sugarcane variety BL4 were induced using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin in different concentrations and combinations. In contrast to earlier studies, embryogenic callus sectors were identified and isolated microscopically within 1–2 weeks. Subsequently, 51 media formulations were used for regeneration of proliferated embryogenic callus, using MS medium supplemented with three different cytokinins [kinetin, 6-Benzylamino purine (BAP), and thidiazuron (TDZ)] and auxins (IAA/NAA and IBA) in different combination and concentrations. After acclimatization, the genomic DNA of regenerated plants was studied to explore the insertion polymorphism of transposable elements in order to ascertain the variation among somaclones. Though low concentration of kinetin with 2,4-D was found supportive to embryogenic callus development, the highest number of regenerated plantlets was observed using BAP (1 μM), however the plantlets had very low fresh weight (2.2 g). Conversely, TDZ alone supported a significant increase in the number of plantlets regenerated (38–40) with higher fresh weight. The somaclones generated during this study showed considerable positional polymorphism of activator-like transposable elements possibly due to the stress associated with in vitro culture. This study provides a procedure to produce regenerated sugarcane plants from embryogenic callus in a relatively short time.  相似文献   

First international conference on animal health surveillance (ICAHS)     

Doherr MG  Calavas D  Cameron A  Dufour B  Greiner M  Gustafson L  Hoinville L  Knopf L  Roger F  Stärk KD  Salman MD 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,105(3):165-168

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Mapping land cover in urban residential landscapes using very high spatial resolution aerial photographs     

Salman Al-Kofahi  Caiti Steele  Dawn VanLeeuwen  Rolston St. Hilaire 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2012,11(3):291-301

Accurate information on existing residential landscapes is essential for framing ordinances and monitoring residential water use in the Urban Greenspace Ecosystem. We classified residential landscapes of New Mexico's largest city, Albuquerque, to explore the spatial distribution of residential greenspace and its composition among zip codes and median incomes. Geographic Information System (GIS) vector files including parcels, city limits, zip codes and land-use maps, were integrated with ownership information. The database was stratified by Albuquerque's 16 zip codes. Four hundred eighty residential landscapes were selected randomly for study. Very high spatial resolution (0.15 m) 2008 true color aerial photographs and the object-oriented supervised classification module in ENVI EX were used to identify residential features. Spatial and textural variables, created by image segmentation, were classified using the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm embedded in ENVI EX. Classification accuracy was 89%. Larger greenspace, tree, shrub, and grass areas were in larger parcels. Landscapes in lower income groups and older zip codes include larger greenspace and tree cover because of mature tree sizes, while grass dominated landscapes of higher income groups and newer zip codes. This knowledge of residential vegetation distribution could serve as a basis for policy makers, planners, and water conservation officers wishing to enact ordinances and regulations that govern the urban residential landscape.  相似文献   

Characterization of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Antognoli MC  Garry FB  Hirst HL  Lombard JE  Dennis MM  Gould DH  Salman MD 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,127(3-4):300-308

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) disseminated infection in dairy cattle affects animal health and productivity and is also a potential public health concern. The study objectives were to characterize MAP disseminated infection in dairy cattle and to determine the role of antemortem tests in detecting cattle with disseminated infection. Forty culled dairy cows representing a variety of serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results and body conditions were selected for the study. The physical condition of the cows was assessed via clinical examination prior to euthanasia and blood and feces were collected and tested by serum ELISA and fecal culture, respectively. Fifteen tissues were aseptically collected from each cow during necropsy and cultured for isolation of MAP. Disseminated infection was diagnosed when MAP was isolated in tissues other than the intestines or their associated lymph nodes (LNs) and was distinguished from infection found only in the gastrointestinal tissues and from absence of infection. Of the 40 cows in the study, 21 had MAP disseminated infection. Results showed that 57% (12/21) of cows with disseminated infection had average to heavy body condition and no diarrhea. Cows with disseminated infection had no to minimal gross pathologic evidence of infection in 37% (8/21) of cases. Only 76% (16/21) of cows with disseminated infection had positive historical ELISA results and only 62% (13/21) had a positive ELISA at slaughter. Thus, antemortem evidence of MAP infection was lacking in a high proportion of cows where MAP disseminated infection was confirmed.  相似文献