Development of a PCR assay and marker-assisted transfer of leaf rust resistance gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lr58</Emphasis> into adapted winter wheats     

Vasu Kuraparthy  Shilpa Sood  Gina-Brown Guedira  Bikram S. Gill 《Euphytica》2011,180(2):227-234

Leaf rust resistance gene Lr58 derived from Aegilops triuncialis L. was transferred to the hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars Jagger and Overley by standard backcrossing and marker-assisted selection (MAS). A co-dominant PCR-based sequence tagged site (STS) marker was developed based on the sequence information of the RFLP marker (XksuH16) diagnostically detecting the alien segment in T2BS·2BL-2^tL(0.95). STS marker Xncw-Lr58-1 was used to select backcross F₁ plants with rust resistance. The co-dominant marker polymorphism detected by primer pair NCW-Lr58-1 efficiently identified the homozygous BC₃F₂ plants with rust resistance gene Lr58. The STS marker Xncw-Lr58-1 showed consistent diagnostic polymorphism between the resistant source and the wheat cultivars selected by the US Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project. The utility and compatibility of the STS marker in MAS programs involving robust genotyping platforms was demonstrated in both agarose-based and capillary-based platforms. Screening backcross derivatives carrying Lr58 with various rust races at seedling stage suggested the transferred rust resistance in adapted winter wheats is stable in both cultivar backgrounds. Lr58 in adapted winter wheat backgrounds could be used in combination with other resistance genes in wheat rust resistance breeding.  相似文献   

Buffalo SCNT embryos exhibit abnormal gene expression of ERK/MAPK pathway and DNA methylation          下载免费PDF全文

Disha Ashok  Tanushri Jerath Sood  Shrutika Sah  Prabhat Palta  Manishi Mukesh  Manmohan Singh Chauhan  Radhey Sham Manik  Suresh Kumar Singla 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(5):1247-1252

Inhibition of ERK/MAPK pathway has been shown to decrease DNA methylation via down‐regulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in several studies suggesting that this pathway plays an important role in regulation of DNA methylation. We examined the relative expression level of seven important genes related to ERK/MAPK pathway and DNMTs (DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b) by quantitative real‐time PCR in buffalo blastocysts produced by Hand‐made cloning and compared it with that in blastocyst‐stage embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). The expression level of six of seven genes related to ERK/MAPK pathway examined i.e., p21RAS, RAF1, AKT1, ERK2, PIK3R2 and c‐Myc was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cloned than in IVF embryos. However, the expression level of FOS was lower (p < 0.005) in cloned than in IVF embryos. The relative expression level of DNMT3a and DNMT3b but not that of DNMT1 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cloned than in IVF embryos. These results indicate that the cloned embryos exhibit an abnormal expression of several important genes related to ERK/MAPK pathway and DNMTs. Although a direct link between ERK/MAPK pathway and DNMTs was not examined in the present study, it can be speculated that ERK/MAPK pathway may have a role in regulating the expression of DNMTs in embryos, as also observed in other tissues.  相似文献   

Effect of plant growth regulators on nitrate uptake and its reduction in radish cotyledons     

Chitra R. Sood  Sumitra V. Chanda  Yash Dev Singh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):2595-2607

Pretreatment of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings with exogenous hormones in the absence of external nitrate, resulted in a system having enough hormone levels to mediate the responses or activate the metabolic pathways which are necessary for nitrate (NO₃) uptake and reduction. Effects of pretreatment of radish seedlings with KN, GA, and ABA on the induction of NO₃ transport and corresponding NR activity, upon exposure to NO₃ were investigated. A low NO₃, uptake rate was observed with hormones when compared to DW‐control, while its induction pattern exhibited a sort of biphasic kinetics. It was observed that each hormone treatment affected NO₃ uptake and reduction specifically at different ambient concentrations of NO₃. On the basis of this, the operation of different constitutive and inducible (CHATS, LATS, HATS, and IHATS) transport systems was resolved for different hormonal treatments. Further, the hypothesis that nitrate uptake has direct role on nitrate reduction was supported by all treatments, except KN where highest NR activity despite lowest NO₃ uptake, was recorded. The results with KN points towards enhanced NR mRNA and de novo synthesis of enzyme.  相似文献   

Molecular evidence for bamboo as a new natural host of Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus          下载免费PDF全文

P. Awasthi  R. Ram  O. Prakash  A. Sood  V. Hallan 《Forest Pathology》2015,45(1):42-50

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An investigation of the effects of feeding beta-aminopropionitrile on the growth rate and intramuscular collagen content of broiler chicks     

D W Bannister  R Sood 《British poultry science》1974,15(3):315-323

In two experiments, 4‐ and 9‐week‐old broiler chicks were fed on diets containing either 0.025% or 0.1% β‐aminopropionitrile for 1 week. In both experiments the higher level caused some retardation of growth. There was, however, no differential effect on the size of the pectoralis muscle or on its collagen content. Enzyme tests showed little evidence of gross liver or bone damage but intramuscular collagen became more susceptible to solubilisation.

It is probable that feeding the lathyrogen in low concentration will make intramuscular collagen more amenable to study.  相似文献   

Biochemical alteration induced by monocrotophos in the blood plasma of fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch)     

Shweta Agrahari  Krishna Gopal 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2007,88(3):268-272

Monocrotophos (MCP), commonly known as azodrin, is one of the organophosphate (OP) pesticides extensively used in agricultural practices throughout the world. Channa punctatus were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.96 and 1.86 mg/L) of monocrotophos for 15 and 60 days to assess the alterations in the level of some biochemical parameters in blood plasma. Significant alterations in all the biochemical parameters were found to be dose dependent. Hypoglycemia and hypocholesteremia were observed in plasma of fish at both exposure periods (15 and 60 days). Increased activities of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase of blood plasma indicated hepatic tissue damage. Decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content in plasma further indicated lower metabolic rate after 60 days of exposure. Significant decline in triglycerides content was observed in fish exposed to both sublethal concentrations of monocrotophos. We suggest that analysis of biochemical parameters in the fish blood may be useful in environmental biomonitoring.  相似文献   

Effects of sowing date, tillage and residue management on productivity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system in northwest India     

S.K. Jalota  G.S. Buttar  Anil Sood  G.B.S. Chahal  S.S. Ray  S. Panigrahy 《Soil & Tillage Research》2008,99(1):76-83

In southwestern region of Punjab in north India, sowing dates of cotton crop in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system are staggered from last week of April to mid of May depending upon the surface water supply from canal as ground water is not fit for irrigation. Further, farmers practice intensive cultivation for seedbed preparation and burning of wheat straw before sowing of cotton crop. With the present farmers’ practices, yields have become static and system has become non-profitable. Field experiments were conducted on Entisols for two rotations of cotton–wheat system during the years of 2004–2005 and 2005–2006 in split plot design to study the direct and interactive effects of date of sowing and tillage-plus-wheat residue management practices on growth and yield of cotton and wheat and to increase the profitability by reducing the tillage operations, which costs about 50% of the sowing cost. The pooled analysis showed that in cotton crop, there was a significant interaction between year × dates of sowing. Among different tillage-plus-wheat residue management practices yields were 23–39% higher in tillage treatments than minimum-tillage. In wheat, grain yield in tillage treatments were at par. Water productivity amongst the tillage treatments in cotton was 19–27% less in minimum tillage than others tillage treatments. Similar trend was found in wheat crop. Remunerability of the cotton–wheat system was more with a combination of reduced tillage in cotton and minimum tillage in wheat than conventional tillage.  相似文献   

Inhibition of Na-K-ATPase in different tissues of freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to monocrotophos     

Shweta Agrahari 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2008,92(2):57-60

Freshwater fish, Channa punctatus, commonly known as the snakehead fish, was exposed to two sublethal concentrations (0.96 and 1.86 mg/L) (selected on the basis of 1/20 and 1/10 of 96 h LC₅₀ value) of monocrotophos for two exposure periods (15 and 60 days). Effects of monocrotophos on Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase in liver, kidney, muscle, intestine, brain, heart and gills were determined. Results indicate that Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity in tissues decreased as concentration of monocrotophos and exposure period increased. Monocrotophos induced significant inhibitory effects on the Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity of C. punctatus, ranging from gills (70%) > Kidney (63%) > brain (57%) > intestine (52%) > liver (50%) > muscle (47%) > heart (44%) inhibition at a sublethal concentration of 0.96 mg/L. Significant inhibition was detected in Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity, ranging from gills (90%) > heart (78%) > kidney (78%) > muscle (74%) > intestine (71%) > brain (67%) > liver (63%) at sublethal concentration of 1.86 mg/L. After subacute exposure (15 days) only gills and brain showed significant inhibition after higher concentration (1.86 mg/L). However, it is evident that exposure duration is more important than dose in the inhibition of the activity of enzyme. At lower concentration initial stimulation of the activity of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity was also noticed. It is suggested that the inhibition of the ATPase by monocrotophos blocked the active transport system of the gill epithelial as well as chloride cells, glomerular and epithelial cells of the tubules and thus altered the osmoregulatory mechanism of the fish. In fact, the impairment of the activity of enzymes which carry out key physiological roles could cause alterations of the physiology of the whole organism.  相似文献   

Lipase mediated hydrolysis of Mimusops elengi and Parkinsonia aculeata seed oils for the determination of positional distribution of fatty acids     

Shweta Sharma  Saloni Gangal  Abdul Rauf   《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(2):325-328

Two medicinally important seed oils viz. Mimusops elengi and Parkinsonia aculeata were analyzed for fatty acids distribution pattern in triacylglycerols using pancreatic lipase hydrolysis method. The seed oils contain high percentage of unsaturated acids (M. elengi 64.8% and P. aculeata 82.7%). The lipolytic data revealed that linoleic acid dominates at 2-position of triacylglycerols of all seed oils. M. elengi contain erucic acid in small amount (0.3%).  相似文献   

Correction to: Molecular dissection of sugar related traits and it's attributes in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharum</Emphasis> spp. hybrids     

Md. Sariful Islam  Xiping Yang  Sushma Sood  Jack C. Comstock  Fenggang Zan  Jianping Wang 《Euphytica》2018,214(11):206

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