Virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters of Haemophilus parasuis are antigenic proteins expressed in vivo   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Alex Olvera  Sonia Pina  Marta P��rez-Sim��  Simone Oliveira    Albert Bensaid 《Veterinary research》2010,41(3)

Glässer’s disease is a re-emerging swine disease characterized by a severe septicaemia. Vaccination has been widely used to control the disease, although there is a lack of extended cross-protection. Trimeric autotransporters, a family of surface exposed proteins implicated in host-pathogen interactions, are good vaccine candidates. Members of this family have been described in Haemophilus parasuis and designated as virulence-associated trimeric autotransporters (VtaA). In this work, we produced 15 recombinant VtaA passenger domains and looked for the presence of antibodies directed against them in immune sera by immunoblotting. After infection with a subclinical dose of H. parasuis Nagasaki, an IgG mediated antibody response against 6 (VtaA1, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10) of the 13 VtaA of the Nagasaki strain was detected, indicating that they are expressed in vivo. IgA production against VtaA was detected in only one animal. VtaA were more likely to be late antigens when compared to early (Omp P5 and Omp P6) and late (YaeT) defined antigens. Antibody cross-reaction with two orthologs of Nagasaki’s VtaA5 and 6, VtaA15 and 16 of strain HP1319, was also detected. No antibodies against VtaA were detected in the sera of animals immunized with a bacterin of the Nagasaki strain, suggesting poor expression in the in vitro conditions used. Taken together, these results indicate that VtaA are good candidate immunogens that could be used to improve H. parasuis vaccines. However, their capacity to confer protective immunity needs to be further studied.  相似文献   

Helicobacter species detection and histopathological changes in stray cats from Niterói,Brazil     

Isabela C. Araujo  Simone B. Mota  Maria Helena C. de Aquino  Ana Maria R. Ferreira 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(6):509-511

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Tree performance and fruit yield and quality of ‘Okitsu’ Satsuma mandarin grafted on 12 rootstocks   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tatiana Cantuarias-Avilés  Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho  Eduardo Sanches Stuchi  Simone Rodrigues da Silva  Erick Espinoza-Núñez 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The citriculture in Brazil, as well as in other important regions in the world, is based on very few mandarin cultivars. This fact leads to a short harvest period and higher prices for off-season fruit. The ‘Okitsu’ Satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marc.) is among the earliest ripening mandarin cultivars, and it is considered to be tolerant to citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri Schaad et al.) and to citrus variegated chlorosis (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.). Despite having regular fruit quality under hot climate conditions, the early fruit maturation and absence of seeds of ‘Okitsu’ fruits are well suited for the local market in the summer (December through March), when the availability of citrus fruits for fresh consumption is limited. Yet, only a few studies have been conducted in Brazil on rootstocks for ‘Okitsu’. Consequently, a field trial was carried out in Bebedouro, São Paulo State, to evaluate the horticultural performance of ‘Okitsu’ Satsuma mandarin budded onto 12 rootstocks: the citrandarin ‘Changsha’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) × Poncirus trifoliata ‘English Small’; the hybrid Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) × ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (P. trifoliata (L.) Raf. × Citrus paradisi Macfad.); the trifoliates (P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.) ‘Rubidoux’, ‘FCAV’ and ‘Flying Dragon’ (P. trifoliata var. monstrosa); the mandarins ‘Sun Chu Sha Kat’ (C. reticulata Blanco) and ‘Sunki’ (Citrus sunki (Hayata) Hort. ex. Tanaka); the Rangpur limes (C. limonia Osbeck) ‘Cravo Limeira’ and ‘Cravo FCAV’; ‘Carrizo’ citrange (Citrus sinensis × P. trifoliata), ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (P. trifoliata × C. paradisi), and ‘Orlando’ tangelo (C. paradisi × Citrus tangerina cv. ‘Dancy’). The experimental grove was planted in 2001, using a 6 m × 3 m spacing, in a randomized block design. No supplementary irrigation was applied. Fruit yield, canopy volume, and fruit quality were assessed for each rootstock. A cluster multivariate analysis identified three different rootstock pairs with similar effects on plant growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Okitsu’ mandarin. The ‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate had a unique effect over the ‘Okitsu’ trees performance, inducing lower canopy volume and higher yield efficiency and fruit quality, and might be suitable for high-density plantings. The ‘Cravo Limeira’ and ‘Cravo FCAV’ Rangpur limes induced early-ripening of fruits, with low fruit quality. ‘Sun Chu Sha Kat’ and ‘Sunki’ mandarins and the ‘Orlando’ tangelo conferred lower yield efficiency and less content of soluble solids for the latter rootstock.  相似文献   

Characterization and antioxidant potential of Brazilian fruits from the Myrtaceae family     

Pereira MC  Steffens RS  Jablonski A  Hertz PF  Rios Ade O  Vizzotto M  Flôres SH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(12):3061-3067

The objective of this study is to evaluating the Brazilian biodiversity through physicochemical characterization and determination of antioxidant potential of three species from the Myrtaceae family, namely yellow guava (Psidium cattleyanum Sabine), guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg), and uvaia ( Eugenia pyriformis Cambess). Guabiroba had the greater quantity of phenolic compounds (9033 mg chlorogenic acid/100 g) and vitamin C (30.58 mg/g) and showed the best TSS/TTA (total soluble solid/total titratable acid) ratio (45.12). For the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) method, the guabiroba (507.49 μM Trolox/g) presented the highest antioxidant potential; however, in the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, uvaia (170.26 g/g DPPH) and guabiroba (161.29 g/g DPPH) were not statistically different. The uvaia outranked the other fruits with respect to its high carotenoid (909.33 μg/g) and vitamin A (37.83 μg/g) contents, and the yellow guava, although showing a lower bioactive compound content and antioxidant activity, nevertheless presented much higher values than many traditionally consumed fruits.  相似文献   

Optimization of a method based on the simultaneous measurement of acoustic and mechanical properties of winegrape seeds for the determination of the ripening stage     

F Torchio  S Giacosa  SR Segade  F Mattivi  V Gerbi  L Rolle 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9006-9016

An instrumental texture analysis method has been optimized for the differentiation of grape ripening stages based on the simultaneous determination of mechanical and acoustic parameters of the seeds. Two factorial central composite design was used to optimize the most influencing operative conditions (speed and deformation) on mechanical and acoustic measurements. This experimental design in combination with response surface methodology showed that the most responsive parameters to changes in seeds during ripening were Young's modulus of elasticity, many acoustic parameters measured with instrumental gain set to 0 (acoustic energy, linear distance, and number of peaks) and others measured at 24 dB gain (linear distance, number of peaks, and average pressure level). However, the optimal operative conditions depended on the texture parameter used. A correlation study between texture parameters and phenolic compounds of the seeds revealed that acoustic parameters like the average pressure level could be proposed as phenolic maturity indices.  相似文献   

Choosing and Using Statistics: A Biologist’s Guide,third ed., C. Dytham. Wiley-Blackwell,John Wiley & Sons,Inc., Chichester,UK (2011). 298 pp., price £24.99/€ 30.00, paperback,ISBN: 978-1-4051-9839-4     

Simone Fattorini 《Biological conservation》2012,147(1):276

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The expression of histamine H4 receptor mRNA in the skin and other tissues of normal dogs     

Eisenschenk MN  Torres SM  Oliveira S  Been CS 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(5):396-400

The histamine 4 (H₄) receptor was first cloned and characterized in 2000 using the human H₃ receptor DNA sequence. The H₄ receptor has been shown to participate in various aspects of inflammation, such as chemotaxis, upregulation of adhesion molecule expression and modulation of cytokine secretion. The primary goal of this study was to determine whether H₄ receptor mRNA is expressed in normal canine skin by performing an RT‐PCR. An additional goal was to determine the expression of this receptor in the colon, liver, spleen and kidney. Tissues were collected from five healthy, young‐adult pit bull dogs. Samples were immediately placed in RNAlater^® solution and stored at ?20°C until processed. The amplified products in all skin samples in addition to the colon, liver, spleen and kidney (variable expression) had the expected size of 400–500 bp. The sequenced amplicons matched the National Center for Biotechnology Information published sequence for the canine H₄ receptor. The study results showed that canine normal skin expresses the H₄ receptor mRNA. Further studies using immunohistochemistry should be conducted to demonstrate the expression of the H₄ receptor at the protein level and to localize the expression of this receptor in the skin.  相似文献   

Development of an indirect ELISA-NcSRS2 for detection of Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Borsuk S  Andreotti R  Leite FP  Pinto Lda S  Simionatto S  Hartleben CP  Goetze M  Oshiro LM  Matos Mde F  Berne ME 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,177(1-2):33-38

Neosporosis is of alarming economic concern in the cattle industry. The effectiveness of diagnostic tests for detecting specific antibodies against Neospora caninum is hampered by potential cross-reaction with other coccidia. Use of a single specific antigen might improve test specificity. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using the truncated protein NcSRS2 expressed in Escherichia coli. The ELISA results were compared with those of the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Tests in the Absence of a Gold Standard (TAGS) analysis revealed an assay having 96% specificity and 95% sensitivity when applied to 145 positive and 352 negative sera from two distinct cattle populations. Using OD ≤ 0.095 as the cut-off point, the assay's negative and positive predictive values ranged from 98.8% to 50.8% and from 58.8% to 99.1%, respectively, depending on neosporosis prevalence in a given area. The novel ELISA-NcSRS2 format described in the present report constitutes a specific and sensitive method for detecting N. caninum in cattle.  相似文献   

Dose-dependent cholesterol-lowering effects of phytosterol/phytostanol-enriched margarine in statin users and statin non-users under free-living conditions     

Eussen SR  de Jong N  Rompelberg CJ  Garssen J  Verschuren WM  Klungel OH 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(10):1823-1832

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Multi metric evaluation of leaf wetness models for large-area application of plant disease models     

Simone Bregaglio  Marcello Donatelli  Roberto ConfalonieriMarco Acutis  Simone Orlandini 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2011,151(9):1163-1172

Leaf wetness (LW) is one of the most important input variables of disease simulation models because of its fundamental role in the development of the infection process of many fungal pathogens. The low reliability of LW sensors and/or their rare use in standard weather stations has led to an increasing demand for reliable models that are able to estimate LW from other meteorological variables. When working on large databases in which data are interpolated in grids starting from weather stations, LW estimation is often penalized by the lack of hourly inputs (e.g., air relative humidity and air temperature), leading researchers to generate such variables from the daily values of the available weather data.Although it is possible to find several papers about models for the estimation of LW, the behavior and reliability of these models were never assessed by running them with inputs at different time resolutions aiming at large-area applications. Furthermore, only a limited number of papers have assessed the suitability of different LW models when used to provide inputs to simulate the development of the infection process of fungal pathogens. In this paper, six LW models were compared using data collected at 12 sites across the U.S. and Italy between 2002 and 2008 using an integrated, multi metric and fuzzy-based expert system developed ad hoc. The models were evaluated for their capability to estimate LW and for their impact on the simulation of the infection process for three pathogens through the use of a potential infection model. This study indicated that some empirical LW models performed better than physically based LW models. The classification and regression tree (CART) model performed better than the other models in most of the conditions tested. Finally, the estimate of LW using hourly inputs from daily data led to a decline of the LW models performances, which should still be considered acceptable. However, this estimate may require further work in data collection and model evaluation for applications at finer spatial resolutions aimed at decision support systems.  相似文献