适于柚×橙杂交后代遗传分析的ISSR引物的筛选与应用     

韩国辉  向素琼  魏旭  汪卫星  梁国鲁 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,33(4)

以沙田柚、强德勒柚、红江橙为材料,利用优化的柑橘ISSR体系,对100个ISSR引物进行了筛选.结果表明:28个引物能够扩增出2~12条稳定、清晰的条带,多态性条带为1~9条,多态率为25%~90%,其中P807,P808,P809,P810,P811,P812,P814,P815,P820,P821,P822,P826,P827,P830,P834,P835,P840,P845等18个引物在沙田柚和红江橙之间有差异,P812,P814,P815,P827,P834,P840等6个引物在沙田柚和强德勒柚之间有差异.用2个差异引物P827和P834可从36株沙田柚×强德勒柚杂交后代中鉴定出31株为真杂种,用P810,P811,P812,P835等4个引物可以把52株沙田柚×红江橙杂种后代全部鉴定出来,并且获得了一个适用于沙田柚和红江橙杂交后代鉴定分析的完全显性标记P810.  相似文献   

缙云山亮叶桦叶片精油GC-MS鉴定及挥发性成分应用分析          下载免费PDF全文

陈思伶  张金康  周建华  刘世尧   《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,38(3):70-76

对重庆乡土植物资源亮叶桦叶片精油组分进行了GC-MS鉴定和挥发性成分应用分析,采用水蒸气蒸馏法进行缙云山野生亮叶桦叶片精油分离提取,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)法进行叶片精油挥发性成分组成鉴定,结合文献检索对其主要挥发性成分的应用方向和开发潜力进行分析阐述.结果表明:从缙云山亮叶桦叶片精油中分离鉴定出挥发性成分61种,以酯类、醇类、烷烃、烯烃、羧酸类化合物为主,其中水杨酸甲酯、芳樟醇、植物醇、香叶醇是其主要组分,具有产业化开发价值.重庆乡土植物资源亮叶桦是对人体健康非常有益的新型绿化树种,其叶片精油也是新型精细化工原料,具有较高的开发和推广价值.  相似文献   

Technical note: Effect of determining baseline plasma urea nitrogen concentrations on subsequent posttreatment plasma urea nitrogen concentrations in 20- to 50-kilogram pigs     

Waguespack AM  Powell S  Roux ML  Frugé ED  Bidner TD  Payne RL  Southern LL 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(12):4116-4119

Plasma urea N (PUN) has been used as an indicator of AA requirements and efficiency of AA utilization in swine. However, PUN concentrations vary among a population of pigs, even a population with a close range of BW and fed the same diet. Thus, pretreatment or baseline PUN concentrations are used as a covariate to reduce variation of posttreatment PUN. However, this procedure increases experimental costs and stress to the pigs. Data from 14 experiments (26 to 28 d in duration) conducted using PUN as a response variable were compiled into 1 data set. Each experiment had 4 to 6 treatments. The purpose of this technical report was to summarize the effect of determining pretreatment baseline PUN concentrations on subsequent posttreatment PUN concentrations in 20- to 50-kg pigs. In all experiments, pigs were fed corn- and soybean meal-based diets and low-CP diets with various AA additions; pigs were assigned to dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with a minimum of 4 replicates of 3 to 5 pigs each. Before the start of each experiment, all pigs were fed a common diet for a minimum of 3 d. Blood samples were collected from each pig before allotment to dietary treatments (d 0) and at the end of each experiment. The baseline (d 0) PUN was analyzed as a covariate for posttreatment PUN. Data from each experiment were analyzed without and with baseline PUN in the statistical model. In all experiments combined, there were 768 possible treatment comparisons. The covariate baseline PUN was statistically significant (P < 0.10) in 9 of 14 experiments. However, only 8 treatment differences changed statistical significance as a result of analyzing the data with baseline PUN as a covariate. These 8 treatment differences were in 3 experiments. These results indicate that it is not always necessary to determine baseline PUN concentrations when feeding diets with large differences in AA content.  相似文献   

蜡梅异戊烯基焦磷酸异构酶基因CpIPI的克隆及表达分析          下载免费PDF全文

李瑞  张杰  马婧  李名扬   《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,38(3):35-41

从蜡梅花cDNA文库中克隆得到1个蜡梅异戊烯基焦磷酸异构酶基因,命名为CpIPI.CpIPI基因的cDNA全长为1 297bp,其中最大ORF框长为879bp,编码292个氨基酸残基.CpIPI蛋白质的相对分子量为33.4kDa,理论等电点为6.86.生物信息学分析表明,蜡梅CpIPI蛋白属于典型的IPI蛋白,CpIPI基因是调控蜡梅萜类物质合成的关键基因.荧光定量分析结果表明,CpIPI基因在蜡梅的根中不表达,但是在茎、叶和花中都有表达,且在外瓣中的表达量最高.CpIPI基因在蜡梅不同花期的表达量具有不规律差异性.由此推测,蜡梅CpIPI基因可能参与与花器官形成发育相关的萜类物质的合成.  相似文献   

Dietary protein and chromium tripicolinate in Suffolk wether lambs: effects on production characteristics, metabolic and hormonal responses, and immune status.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L R Gentry  J M Fernandez  T L Ward  T W White  L L Southern  T D Bidner  D L Thompson  D W Horohov  A M Chapa  T Sahlu 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(5):1284-1294

Thirty-two Suffolk wether lambs were fed for 84 d in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment using two levels of dietary protein (9.0 to 12.1% CP, low protein, LP; or 12.8 to 14.4% CP, high protein, HP) and supplemental Cr (none, C; or 400 ppb Cr as chromium tripicolinate, Cr). At 14- to 21-d intervals, lambs were weighed, and jugular blood samples were collected. Mean ADG and carcass weight (P > .10) did not differ. In lambs fed HP, Cr reduced liver weight and increased kidney weight (P < .01). Lambs fed HP had elevated plasma urea N (PUN; P < .01) and albumin (P < .04). During an i.v. epinephrine challenge on d 43, plasma cortisol declined in lambs fed Cr (Cr x time, P < .03) and in lambs fed LP (CP x time, P < .001). An i.v. glucose tolerance test conducted 3 h later showed that supplemental Cr decreased glucose clearance rate in lambs fed HP (CP x Cr, P < .10) but not in lambs fed LP. On d 62, PUN was increased in lambs fed HP (P < .001) between 0 and 3 h postprandial, and there was a Cr x CP interaction (P < .04). Postprandial plasma NEFA declined with Cr vs C (Cr x time, P < .07) and with HP vs LP (CP x time, P < .10). By d 66, lambs fed Cr had an elevated (P < .03) blood platelet and fibrinogen content. Chromium increased erythrocyte count in lambs fed HP (Cr x CP, P < .08), and isolated peripheral lymphocytes had greater blastogenic response to 4 microg/mL of phytohemagglutinin (Cr x CP, P < .001). The lymphocyte response to pokeweed mitogen (.2 microg/mL) was reduced in lambs fed Cr (P < .10). In the present experiment, Cr supplementation had minimal and inconsistent effects on production and metabolic criteria of lambs.  相似文献   

Dietary tryptophan effects on plasma and salivary cortisol and meat quality in pigs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Guzik AC  Matthews JO  Kerr BJ  Bidner TD  Southern LL 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(8):2251-2259

Four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of supplemental Trp on meat quality, plasma and salivary cortisol, and plasma lactate. Experiment 1 was a preliminary study to measure plasma cortisol concentrations in 4 barrows (50 kg of BW) that were snared for 30 s at time 0 min. Pigs were bled at -60, -30, -15, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Plasma cortisol was near maximum 10 min after the pigs were snared. In Exp. 2, 20 barrows (50 kg of BW) were allotted to a basal corn-soybean meal diet or the basal diet with 0.5% supplemental l-Trp for 5 d. After the 5-d feeding period, pigs were snared for 30 s and bled at -10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after snaring. Pigs fed the diet with supplemental Trp had a lower (P < 0.01) mean plasma cortisol than pigs fed the basal diet. Plasma lactate also was decreased (P < 0.07) by supplemental Trp. In Exp. 3, the same pigs and treatments were used as in Exp. 2, but 5 pigs were snared and 15 pigs adjacent to those being snared were bled to determine if pigs are stressed when they are adjacent to pigs being snared. For pigs adjacent to snared pigs, the area under the curve (P < 0.06) and mean for plasma cortisol was lower (P < 0.01) in pigs fed Trp relative to those fed the basal diet. In Exp. 4, 90 barrows (initial BW of 106 kg) were allotted to 6 treatments in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Three diets with Trp (basal diet, basal supplemented with 0.5% Trp for 5 d, or pigs fed the basal diet with a 0.1 g/kg of BW Trp bolus given 2 h before slaughter) were combined with 2 handling methods (minimal and normal handling). Dressing percent, 24-h pH, and 24-h temperature were reduced in the minimally handled pigs (P < 0.10) compared with the normally handled pigs. Pigs fed Trp in the diet relative to those fed the basal diet had increased 45-min temperature, Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values, and drip and total losses (P < 0.10). Tryptophan in bolus form decreased 45-min pH in the minimally handled pigs but increased 45-min pH in the normally handled pigs (handling x Trp bolus interaction, P = 0.08). Tryptophan in the diet increased CIE lightness (L*) in minimally handled pigs but decreased CIE L* in the normally handled pigs (handling x Trp diet interaction, P = 06). No other response variables were affected by handling method or Trp. Results indicate that Trp decreases plasma cortisol but has no positive effect on meat quality.  相似文献   

Growth and intestinal morphology of pigs from sows fed two zinc sources during gestation and lactation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Payne RL  Bidner TD  Fakler TM  Southern LL 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(8):2141-2149

An experiment was conducted to compare the effects of organic (Zn AA complex, ZnAA) and inorganic Zn (ZnSO4) sources on sows and their progeny during gestation and lactation and on the pigs during the nursery period. The dietary treatments were 1) a corn-soybean meal diet with 100 ppm Zn from ZnSO4 (control); 2) diet 1 + 100 ppm additional Zn from ZnSO4; and 3) diet 1 + 100 ppm additional Zn from ZnAA. Dietary additions were on an as-fed basis. Thirty-one primaparous and multiparous sows were allotted to the treatment diet beginning on d 15 of gestation and continuing through lactation. At weaning (d 17 of age), 202 pigs (63, 55, and 84 pigs for treatments 1 to 3, respectively) were allotted to the same dietary treatment as their dam. The pigs were fed a 3-phase diet regimen during the nursery period: d 0 to 7 (phase I); d 7 to 21 (phase II); and d 21 to 28 (phase III). At weaning and at the end of phase III, 1 gilt per replicate was killed, and the left front foot, liver, pancreas, and entire small intestine were removed. Diet had no effect (P > 0.10) on any response during gestation. During lactation, there was an increase (P < 0.10) in litter birth weight in sows fed ZnAA compared with those fed the control or ZnSO4 diets. The sows fed ZnAA nursed more pigs (P < 0.10) than sows fed the ZnSO4 diet, and they weaned more pigs (P < 0.05) than sows fed the control diet. Jejunal villus height of the weaned pigs from sows fed ZnSO4 was increased (P < 0.05) compared with those from the sows fed the control diet. During the nursery period, growth performance was not affected (P > 0.10) by diet. Pigs fed ZnSO4 had greater duodenal villus width (P < 0.05) than those fed ZnAA, and pigs fed ZnSO4 or the control diet had greater ileal villus width (P < 0.05) than those fed ZnAA. Pigs fed ZnSO4 or ZnAA had more (P < 0.05) bone Zn than those fed the control diet. Liver Zn concentration was greatest in pigs fed ZnSO4, followed by those fed ZnAA, and then by those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). Pancreas Zn was increased (P < 0.05) in pigs fed ZnSO4 compared with those fed the control diet. These results suggest that 100 ppm Zn in trace mineral premixes provides adequate Zn for optimal growth performance of nursery pigs, but that 100 ppm additional Zn from ZnAA in sow diets may increase pigs born and weaned per litter.  相似文献   

Optimization for microwave-assisted direct liquefaction of bamboo residue in glycerol/methanol mixtures     

Jiulong Xie  Jinqiu Qi  Chungyun Hse  Todd F.Shupe 《林业研究》2015,(1):261-265

Bamboo residues were liquefied in a mixture of glycerol and methanol in the presence of sulfuric acid using microwave energy. We investigated the effects of liquefaction conditions, including glycerol/methanol ratio, liquefaction temperature, and reaction time on the conversion yield. The optimal liquefaction conditions were under the temperature of 120 °C, the reaction time of 7 min, the glycerol–methanol–bamboo ratio of 8/0/2(W/W), and the microwave power of 300 W. Maximum conversion yield was 96.7 %. The liquid products were separated into two contents(water soluble part and precipitate part) by addition of a sufficient amount of water. By Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), the water soluble content mainly contained glycerol and its derivate and carbohydrate degradation products, and the precipitate content was mainly lignin derivatives.  相似文献   

Amino acid-supplemented raw soybean diets for finishing swine     

L L Southern  J E Pontif  K L Watkins  D F Coombs 《Journal of animal science》1990,68(8):2387-2393

Growth and carcass traits of finishing swine fed amino acid-supplemented raw soybean (RSB) diets were examined. Experiments 1 and 2 were identical and included the following treatments: 1) corn-soybean meal (SBM), 2) corn-RSB (lysine equal to Diet 1), 3) Diet 2 + .15% L-lysine (LYS), 4) Diet 3 + .1% L-threonine (THR), 5) Diet 3 + .05% L-tryptophan (TRP), 6) Diet 3 + .15% DL-methionine (MET) and 7) Diet 3 + THR + TRP + MET equivalent to Diets 4 to 6. The unsupplemented corn-RSB diet reduced (P less than .05) gain, gain:feed, plasma urea N, loin eye area, and percentage of muscling compared with the corn-SBM diet. The addition of LYS or LYS + TRP generally improved these response variables, whereas the addition of LYS + THR or LYS + MET tended to reduce gain and gain:feed compared with the LYS addition alone. The LYS + THR + TRP + MET addition resulted in growth and carcass traits that were intermediate between those of pigs fed the corn-RSB and the corn-SBM diets but not different (P greater than .05) from either. Experiment 3 included Diets 1, 2 and 7 from Exp. 1 and 2, in addition to the following treatment: corn-RSB + LYS + THR + TRP. The LYS + THR + TRP addition improved (P less than .05) growth and carcass traits compared with the LYS + THR + TRP + MET addition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Virus persists in beta cells of islets of Langerhans and is associated with chemical manifestations of diabetes   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

M B Oldstone  P Southern  M Rodriquez  P Lampert 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,224(4656):1440-1443

Molecular hybridization, monoclonal antibody, and electron microscopic analyses showed lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (strains Armstrong and WE) persistently infecting cells of the islets of Langerhans in BALB/WEHI mice. When monoclonal or monospecific antibody conjugated with two different fluorochrome dyes was used to mark insulin-containing beta cells or viral antigens, viral nucleoprotein was identified predominantly in beta cells. Electron microscopy confirmed these findings by showing virions budding from the beta cells. Persistent infection was associated with chemical evidence of diabetes (hyperglycemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and normal or low-normal concentrations of insulin). Concentrations of cortisol and insulin-like growth factor in blood were normal, as was the level of growth hormone in the pituitary gland. The virus-infected islet cells showed normal anatomy and cytomorphology. Neither cell lysis nor inflammatory infiltrates were routinely seen. Thus a virus may persistently infect islet cells and provide a biochemical and morphological picture comparable to that of early adult-onset diabetes mellitus in humans.  相似文献