Arteriovenous shunts resembling patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: 3 cases     

Yoko Fujii  Takuma Aoki  Hiroshi Takano  Ryokichi Ishikawa  Yoshito Wakao 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2009,11(2):147-151

Three dogs presented for the evaluation of cardiac murmurs were diagnosed with aberrant arteriovenous shunts. All cases demonstrated the following findings: 1) relatively soft continuous murmur loudest at the left heart base resembling patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); 2) shunt flow signals in the pulmonary artery on echocardiography; and 3) no PDA on selective angiography, but evidence of anomalous shunting vessels from thoracic aorta to pulmonary vasculature. An aberrant arteriovenous shunt should be considered when a continuous murmur of relatively small intensity is heard.  相似文献   

Habitat differentiation between sei (Balaenoptera borealis) and Bryde's whales (B. brydei) in the western North Pacific     

Hiroko Sasaki  Hiroto Murase  Hiroshi Kiwada  Koji Matsuoka  Yoko Mitani  Sei‐ichi Saitoh 《Fisheries Oceanography》2013,22(6):496-508

Two closely related baleen whale species, sei and Bryde's whales, in the western North Pacific were studied to identify differences in habitat use. Data were obtained from May to August 2004 and 2005. This study examined the relationship between oceanographic features derived from satellite data and the distribution of sei and Bryde's whales using basic statistics. We investigated oceanographic features including sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll a (Chl‐a), sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs), and depth of the habitat. These two whale species used habitats with different SST, Chl‐a, and SSHA ranges. The 0.25 mg m^?3 Chl‐a contour (similar to the definition of the Transition Zone Chlorophyll Front) was a good indicator that separated the habitats of sei and Bryde's whales. Then generalized linear models were used to model the probabilities that the whale species would be present in a habitat and to estimate their habitat distribution throughout the study area as a function of environmental variables. The potential habitats of the two species were clearly divided, and the boundary moved north with seasonal progression. The habitat partitioning results indicated that SST contributed to the patterns of habitat‐use and might reflect differences in prey species between the two whales. This study showed that the habitats of the sei and Bryde's whales were clearly divided and their potential habitat‐use changed seasonally.  相似文献   

Comparison of the amount of thiotrophic symbionts in the deep-sea mussel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bathymodiolus septemdierum</Emphasis> under different sulfide levels using fluorescent in situ hybridization     

Masaru Fujinoki  Tomoko Koito  Suguru Nemoto  Mitsugu Kitada  Yoko Yamaguchi  Susumu Hyodo  Hideki Numanami  Nobuyuki Miyazaki  Koji Inoue 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(1):139-146

Various invertebrates inhabiting hydrothermal vents harbor thiotrophic endosymbionts that provide the host with nutrients and are possibly involved in the detoxification of harmful sulfides. In this study, we first determined the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence of the thiotrophic symbiont of the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus septemdierum, a dominant species at hydrothermal vents in the Izu–Ogasawara (Bonin) area. We then designed a new probe, Bsob692, for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using regions completely conserved among thiotrophic symbionts of all bathymodiolin mussels and established the protocol for FISH to compare the distribution and amount of the symbiont using an image analysis program that is commercially available. We compared fluorescent intensity in the gill of the mussels collected at different sites and found a higher intensity in specimens collected from a site with higher sulfide concentration. We also compared mussels reared in the presence and absence of sulfide and found that the former had a higher fluorescent intensity.  相似文献   

Growth and age composition of northern shrimp Pandalus eous estimated by multiple length frequency analysis     

Hiroshi Yamaguchi  Yoko Goto  Noboru Hoshino  Kazushi Miyashita 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(4):665-678

We examined growth of northern shrimp Pandalus eous in the Sea of Japan, off western Hokkaido, to improve estimations of catch-at-age for stock assessment. Multiple length frequency analysis based on length frequency data collected by a scientific research vessel was conducted to examine length-at-age in the shrimp population. Multi-normal distributions estimated using maximum likelihood indicated a good fit to length distributions. AIC values and regression analyses revealed annual growth variation and a decreasing trend in the length at several age classes in the shrimp population. We revised the method for estimating catch-at-age from the age-conversion table (ACT), which is a simple method for age determination, to age–length keys (ALK) calculated from the results of multiple length frequency analysis. Abundant year classes caught successively year after year could be more easily identified from the catch-at-age data computed using ALK than by using ACT. Our results suggested not only that the mean size of commercial landings fluctuated based on changes in age composition but also that a decrease in the length-at-age in the population influenced the consistent size decrease of commercial landings.  相似文献   

Comparison of cell wall components between Fragaria × ananassa and Fragaria chiloensis grown in Chile     

T. Nishizawa  S. Nagasawa  J. B. Retamales  A. Lavín  Y. Motomura 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):404-410

Summary

Fruit firmness and cell wall composition were compared among five cultivars of F. × ananassa (‘Chandler’, ‘Seascape’, ‘Tudla’, ‘Hokowase’ and ‘Reiko’) and two land races of F. chiloensis (‘94BAU-1A’ and ‘97PUR-1A’) grown in central Chile. Fruits of F. chiloensis were smaller than those of F. × ananassa. Firmness of epidermal tissue did not differ significantly between F. × ananassa and F. chiloensis. Firmness of cortical tissue, however, was significantly lower in F. chiloensis than in F.× ananassa and as a result, difference in the firmness between epidermal and cortical tissues was significantly greater in F. chiloensis than in F. × ananassa. Calcium concentration was low in ‘Reiko’ and ‘Hokowase’ while high in the other varieties of F. × ananassa. F. chiloensis showed intermediate values between these two groups. Higher levels of total uronic acid and neutral sugars in cell wall fractions of F. chiloensis as compared with F. × ananassa were mainly due to its high concentration in the water soluble fraction. Total uronic acid in cell wall fraction was significantly higher in F. chiloensis than in F. × ananassa, mainly due to significantly higher concentrations in the water-soluble fraction. Non-cellulosic neutral sugars, especially arabinose in the water, CDTA, and Na₂CO₃-soluble fractions were significantly higher in F. chiloensis than in F. × ananassa. On the other hand, galactose in the CDTA-, Na₂CO₃-, and KOH-soluble fractions was significantly lower in F. chiloensis than in F. × ananassa. Moreover, cellulose concentration of F. chiloensis was also significantly lower than that of F. × ananassa. Results obtained from cell wall analysis suggest that softer cortex in F. chiloensis might be due to either lower cellulose content, higher solubilization rate of pectic substances, and/or compositional differences in the branching of neutral sugars.  相似文献   

Effect of calcium supply on the physiology of fruit tissue in ‘Andesu’ netted melon     

T. Nishizawa  T. Kobayashi  T. Aikawa 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):500-508

Summary

Fruit development and physiological traits were evaluated in ‘Andesu’ netted melon plants grown with and without calcium. Calcium exclusion accelerated softening, alcoholic fermentation and ethylene evolution of fruit compared with those supplied with calcium, but the opposite trend occurred with sucrose accumulation. A significant difference of calcium concentrations in the fruit between treatments was observed at the developing stage of the fruit (P<0.05), but the difference became smaller as fruit matured. In the mesocarp tissue from the basal hemisphere, calcium concentrations in the NaCl soluble fraction at ripe fruit stage differed significantly (P<0.05) between calcium treatments but no significant difference was detected in the inner mesocarp of the distal hemisphere. Calcium exclusion did not lead to the development of water-soaked symptoms in the mesocarp tissue of ripe fruit. Uronic acid concentrations in ionically bound pectin fraction did not differ between calcium treatments throughout fruit development. In covalently-bound pectin fraction, however, uronic acid concentration of ripe fruit was significantly lower in calcium-excluded plants than in calcium-supplied plants (P<0.05). Our results suggest that: first, accelerated fruit softening under calcium deficient conditions might result from promoted ethylene evolution rather than from the shortage of ionically-bound calcium in cell walls, second, calcium deficient condition does not necessarily lead to water-soaked symptoms in tissue of ‘Andesu’ melon fruit.  相似文献   

Development of a new selective medium for isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus     

Saito E  Kakita Y  Shimoda H  Shimabukuro S  Saeki K  Shimizu A  Kawano J 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1195-1197

A new selective medium containing cephem antibiotics was developed for isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA colonies on a medium containing ceftazidime (CAZ) were most easily identifiable and a medium containing cefoperazone (CPZ) was superior in suppressing the growth of other bacteria. With the medium containing a couple of CAZ and CPZ, MRSA and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) were detected from 2 and 1 of 15 chicken meat samples respectively. The MRSA and MRCNS recovery test showed that the medium was effective for MRSA isolation, suppressing the growth of other bacteria efficiently. These results suggested that the medium containing a couple of CAZ and CPZ was useful for MRSA detection from foods and animals.  相似文献   

Evaluation of miltefosine for the treatment of dogs naturally infected with L. infantum (=L. chagasi) in Brazil     

Andrade HM  Toledo VP  Pinheiro MB  Guimarães TM  Oliveira NC  Castro JA  Silva RN  Amorim AC  Brandão RM  Yoko M  Silva AS  Dumont K  Ribeiro ML  Bartchewsky W  Monte SJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,181(2-4):83-90

Dogs naturally infected with Leishmania Infantum (=L. chagasi) were treated with miltefosine using different therapeutic regimens. The animals were evaluated for clinical evolution, biochemical parameters, parasite load (by real-time PCR), cytokine levels and humoral response. After treatment and during the following 24 months, there was progressive clinical improvement and complete recovery in 50% (7/14) of the treated animals. There was a decrease in the smear positivity of the bone marrow after treatment, and there was also a gradual and constant decrease in positive cultures at the end of the follow-up period. However, the PCR detection of parasite DNA remained positive. In general, all animals presented a significant increase in parasite load 6 months after treatment. The IFN-γ levels in all the groups tended to increase during follow-up period, regardless of the miltefosine dose administered. The IL-4 and IL-10 levels of the animals tended to decrease during follow-up, except after 300 days when only IL-10 increased. The serum antibodies identified antigens that ranged from 116 kDa to less than 29 kDa in the Western blot assay. Furthermore, 300 days after treatment, qualitative and quantitative differences in the antigen profiles were observed. Antigens of 97 and 46 kDa were the most intensely recognized. Higher levels of antigen-specific Leishmania IgG were detected before and 300 days after treatment in all groups. Taking together, the improvement in the clinical symptoms was not followed by parasitological clearance, suggesting that treatment with miltefosine is not recommended, especially in endemic areas like Brazil, where children are the major victims and dogs are involved in the maintenance of the parasite cycle.  相似文献   

Effects of electroporation treatment using different concentrations of Cas9 protein with gRNA targeting Myostatin (MSTN) genes on the development and gene editing of porcine zygotes     

Quynh A. Le  Maki Hirata  Nhien T. Nguyen  Koki Takebayashi  Manita Wittayarat  Yoko Sato  Zhao Namula  Masahiro Nii  Fuminori Tanihara  Takeshige Otoi 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of seven concentrations of Cas9 protein (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 ng/µl) on the development and gene editing of porcine embryos. This included the target editing and off‐target effect of embryos developed from zygotes that were edited via electroporation of the Cas9 protein with guide RNA targeting Myostatin genes. We found that the development to blastocysts of electroporated zygotes was not affected by the concentration of Cas9 protein. Although the editing rate, which was defined as the ratio of edited blastocysts to total examined blastocysts, did not differ with Cas9 protein concentration, the editing efficiency, which was defined as the frequency of indel mutations in each edited blastocyst, was significantly decreased in the edited blastocysts from zygotes electroporated with 25 ng/µl of Cas9 protein compared with that of blastocysts from zygotes electroporated with higher Cas9 protein concentrations. Moreover the frequency of indel events at the two possible off‐target sites was not significantly different with different concentrations of Cas9 protein. These results indicate that the concentration of Cas9 protein affects gene editing efficiency in embryos but not the embryonic development, gene editing rate, and non‐specific cleavage of off‐target sites.  相似文献   

Experimental model for removal of snake venom via hemoperfusion in rats     

Maximilian Estevan Oliveira  Jssica Campanholi  Roberta Lima Cavalcante  Felipe Silveira Moreno  Edson Hideaki Yoshida  Murilo Melo Juste Dini  lvio Franco de Camargo Aranha  Jos Carlos Cogo  Lourdes Dias  Stephen Hyslop  Denise Grotto  Valquíria Miwa Hanai‐Yoshida  Yoko Oshima‐Franco 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(3):286-294

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