Pathogenic races of soybean rust Phakopsora pachyrhizi collected in Tsukuba and vicinity in Ibaraki,Japan     

Yuichi Yamaoka  Naoki Yamanaka  Hajime Akamatsu  Kazuhiro Suenaga 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(2):184-188

Six races were identified among 26 single-lesion isolates of Phakopsora pachyrhizi from rust-infected leaves of nine samples of cultivated soybean and one sample of the wild host plant kudzu (Pueraria lobata) collected in Tsukuba and vicinity in Ibaraki, Central Honshu, Japan. Six races were detected on soybean cultivars and four races on kudzu. When two or more isolates obtained from the same samples were examined, the isolates were different races except from two samples. These results indicate that two or more races may be distributed on the same soybean cultivar and that the same races share soybean and kudzu hosts.  相似文献   

Nickel-catalyzed carbonization of wood for coproduction of functional carbon and fluid fuels II: improved fuel quality of oil fraction and increased heating value of gas fraction     

Kyoko Suzuki  Tsutomu Suzuki  Yukio Takahashi  Mitsuhiro Okimoto  Tetsuo Yamada  Noriyasu Okazaki  Yuichi Shimizu  Masashi Fujiwara 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(1):60-68

The yields and properties of oil and gas fractions coproduced during carbonization of larch wood loaded with Ni 2%, Ni 2%+Ca 1%, and Ni 4% and without catalyst (None) at 700°–900°C were examined to clarify the catalytic effect in terms of conversion into fluid fuels. The net calorific value of oil occurred mainly below 500°C and increased in the order None < Ni 2% < Ni 4% < Ni 2%+Ca 1%, while the yield decreased in this order. The same order held for the production of gases enriched with hydrogen at 500°–700°C. Even above 800°C, markedly promoted evolution of hydrogen took place for all catalyst systems. These observations confirmed the effectiveness of nickel-catalyzed carbonization at 900°C, particularly Ni 2%+Ca 1%, for both upgrading of oil and gaseous fractions, although the quality of oil was not satisfactory. The catalysis of nickel with and without calcium is discussed on the basis of the modified Broid-Shafizadeh scheme, and the scheme was altered to adapt to the high temperature region where oil was no longer produced. Part of this study was presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Japan Institute of Energy, Suita, August 2005, and at the 18th Symposium, Session D, of the Materials Research Society of Japan, Tokyo, December 2007  相似文献   

Olfactory plasticity is regulated by pheromonal signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans     

Yamada K  Hirotsu T  Matsuki M  Butcher RA  Tomioka M  Ishihara T  Clardy J  Kunitomo H  Iino Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,329(5999):1647-1650

Population density-dependent dispersal is a well-characterized strategy of animal behavior in which dispersal rate increases when population density is higher. Caenorhabditis elegans shows positive chemotaxis to a set of odorants, but the chemotaxis switches from attraction to dispersal after prolonged exposure to the odorants. We show here that this plasticity of olfactory behavior is dependent on population density and that this regulation is mediated by pheromonal signaling. We show that a peptide, suppressor of NEP-2 (SNET-1), negatively regulates olfactory plasticity and that its expression is down-regulated by the pheromone. NEP-2, a homolog of the extracellular peptidase neprilysin, antagonizes SNET-1, and this function is essential for olfactory plasticity. These results suggest that population density information is transmitted through the external pheromone and endogenous peptide signaling to modulate chemotactic behavior.  相似文献   

Acidulocompost,a food waste compost with thermophilic lactic acid fermentation: its effects on potato production and weed growth     

Naomi Asagi  Keisuke Minamide  Toru Uno  Masanori Saito 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(1):132-144

Acidulocomposting recycles food wastes by means of thermophilic lactic acid fermentation. This process can decrease ammonia volatilization and odor emission during processing and produce compost with high nitrogen (N) content. To compare the yield of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. ‘Dansyakuimo’) and the suppression of weeds with acidulocompost (AC) and those with conventional composts and inorganic fertilizer (IF), we conducted field experiments in Miyagi Prefecture, northeastern Japan. Potatoes were cultivated in 2008 and 2009 in an Andosol field treated with AC, conventional food waste compost (FWC), poultry manure compost (PMC), cattle manure compost (CMC), IF, or no fertilizer (NF). AC, but not the other treatments, delayed the emergence of potatoes, and suppressed the emergence of weeds, but it did not inhibit potato growth during the late growth stage or yield. Potato N uptake and tuber yield with AC were significantly higher than those with NF and similar to those with FWC, PMC, and IF. The N uptake efficiencies (ratio of difference between N uptake in the treatment and the control to added N) for AC (10.4–12.7% in 2008 and 2009) were similar to those for FWC and PMC (10.2–13.1%), higher than those for CMC (–1.3 to 6.3%), but significantly lower than those for IF (30.2–42.3%). Our findings indicate that AC has an N supply capacity similar to those of FWC and PMC and additionally suppresses the emergence and growth of weeds.  相似文献   

Suppressive effects of the diethyl ether fraction from a brown alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sargassum fusiforme</Emphasis> on allergic and inflammatory reactions     

Yoshimasa Sugiura  Yuichi Kinoshita  Mahiko Abe  Noboru Murase  Ryusuke Tanaka  Teruo Matsushita  Masakatsu Usui  Ken-ichi Hanaoka  Masaaki Miyata 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(2):369-377

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Effects of low fishmeal diets on the growth performance and physiological condition of ayu <Emphasis Type="Italic">Plecoglossus altivelis</Emphasis>     

Takeshi Yamamoto  Nobuhiro Suzuki  Hirofumi Furuita  Shunji Amano  Hiromi Oku  Koji Murashita  Hiroyuki Matsunari  Etsuo Uno  Hitoshi Nakayama 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(5):819-826

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Bioaccumulation of environmental organotin compounds in translocated rock shell <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thais clavigera</Emphasis> in Kagoshima Bay     

Jiro Koyama  Sayoko Nigaya  Aya Takenouchi  Emiko Kokushi  Seiichi Uno 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(6):975-982

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<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pantoea ananatis</Emphasis> strains are differentiated into three groups based on reactions of tobacco and welsh onion and on genetic characteristics     

Kazutaka Kido  Masaru Hasegawa  Hiroyuki Matsumoto  Masaki Kobayashi  Yuichi Takikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(3):208-218

Ninety-six strains of Pantoea ananatis were isolated from 14 plant species including melon, rice, tea and other crops of economic importance. They were classified into three groups (group I, II, III) based on a welsh onion stabbing assay, tobacco infiltration test, and polymerase chain reaction to detect indole acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis genes (iaaM and iaaH) and a cytokinin biosynthesis gene (etz). Group Ι strains were characterized as causing significant blight symptom on welsh onion and inducing a hypersensitive response (HR)-like reaction on tobacco leaves after 36–48 h and encompassed 20 isolates from foxtail millet, hydrangea, pineapple, river water and rice. These 20 isolates did not possess iaaM, iaaH, or etz genes. Group II, consisting of 34 melon isolates, harbored iaaM, iaaH and etz genes, but did not cause either blight on welsh onion or HR-like reaction on tobacco. Group III strains did not have the iaaM, iaaH, and etz genes, nor did they cause any reaction on welsh onion or tobacco. The 42 strains in group III were isolated from bamboo grass, Chinese silver grass, citrus, dogwood, melon, mugwort, silk tree, sweet corn, tea and welsh onion. Representative strains of the three groups were tested for pathogenicity on melon and rice. Group Ι strains caused palea browning on rice but not internal fruit rot on melon. On the contrary, group II strains did not cause disease on rice but caused internal fruit rot on melon. Group III strains were not pathogenic on rice or melon. These results suggested that the host range of P. ananatis may be predicted by the reactions of welsh onion and tobacco and detection of iaaM, iaaH and etz genes. These tools may serve as rapid tests to identify the pathogenicity groups of P. ananatis.  相似文献   

Diversity and distribution of indigenous soybean-nodulating rhizobia in the Okinawa islands, Japan   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Koutaro SUZUKI  Hiroko OGURO  Takeo YAMAKAWA  Akihiro YAMAMOTO  Shoichiro AKAO  Yuichi SAEKI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2008,54(2):237-246

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Erratum to: Water management strategies for hydropower annexation at existing irrigation dams in Japan     

Ueda  Tatsuki  Goto  Masahiro  Namihira  Atsushi  Hirose  Yuichi 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(3):697-697

Paddy and Water Environment -  相似文献