Prevalence of Pneumocystis carinii in slaughtered pigs     

M Fujita  T Furuta  T Nakajima  F Kurita  C Kaneuchi  K Ueda  M Ogata 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(1):200-202

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Quantitative structure-activity studies of benzoylphenylurea larvicides: I. Effect of substituents at aniline moiety against Chilo suppressalis walker     

Yoshiaki Nakagawa  Katsuhiko Kitahara  Takaaki Nishioka  Hajime Iwamura  Toshio Fujita 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,21(3):309-325

The larvicidal activity of a series of N-2,6-difluoro- and N-2,6-dichlorobenzoyl-N′-(4-substituted phenyl)ureas against nondiapause larvae of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, was measured by topical application and oral administration methods under conditions with and without piperonyl butoxide as an inhibitor of oxidative metabolism. The effects of substituents at the anilide moiety on the larvicidal activity were analyzed quantitatively using physicochemical substituent parameters and regression analysis. The results indicate that the oxidative metabolism in the larval body which is favored by electron-donating substituents is significant in determining the activity. The activity, when the metabolic factor is eliminated, is enhanced by electron-with-drawing and hydrophobic substituents and lowered by bulky groups. The inhibitory activity against new cuticle formation of the same series of compounds was also measured using cultured integument of the rice stem borer diapause larva. The comparison of the quantitative analyses between larvicidal and integument-level activities shows that inhibition of cuticular development is the most important factor governing larvicidal activity.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effects of pesticides on growth and respiration of cultured cells     

Masanori Yoshida  Michihiro Onaka  Toshio Fujita  Minoru Nakajima 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1979,10(3):313-321

Effects of various drugs including pesticides on the growth and respiration of cultured cells were evaluated comparatively using cell lines derived from mosquito ovary and subcutaneous mouse tissues. The concentration producing 50% inhibition of cell growth, I₅₀ (M), was determined for each of 42 drugs. Inhibitors of respiration and nucleic acid and protein biosyntheses such as rotenone, piericidin A₁, actinomycin D, and puromycin had very high pI₅₀ values of approximately 8. Except for the compounds known to be uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, the drugs suppressed the respiration rate of the cultured cells to various degrees. The pI₅₀ value (and the pEC₁₅₀, 150% enhancement of the control, value for uncouplers) was determined for each compound. By examining the relation of pI₅₀ (and pEC₁₅₀) values between cell growth and respiration, the compounds could be classified into two groups according to their modes of inhibitory action against the cultured cells. One mode relates to the inhibition of energy synthesis and the other, perhaps, to interference with the biosynthesis of biomacromolecules.  相似文献   

Precise, simple screening for resistance in potato varieties to common scab using paper pots     

Akira Kobayashi  Shigeo Naito  Yuki O. Kobayashi  Shogo Tsuda  Akiko Ohara-Takada  Motoyuki Mori 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(2):139-143

Resistance to common scab pathogen Streptomyces turgidiscabies of seven potato varieties was compared in the field with a newly developed paper pot method. Seedlings raised in soil in paper pots containing inocula at 1 × 10³ to 10⁷cfu/g soil were transplanted into a scab-free field and grown for 3 months. The disease severity of the seven varieties in the field trials differed in iteration and from year to year, even though their resistance levels were approximately similar at the expected levels. With the paper pot method, the seven varieties had different resistance levels, which were almost completely consistent with the results of the field trials, at more than 1 × 10⁵cfu/g soil. Significant differences in disease severity between resistant and susceptible varieties were observed (P = 0.05) for 2 years, and the resistance level of the varieties was elucidated.  相似文献   

Effect of catechins on mutagenesis of Salmonella typhimurium TA 102 elicited by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)     

Nikaidou S  Ishizuka M  Maeda Y  Hara Y  Kazusaka A  Fujita S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(1):137-138

Green tea, one of the most popular beverages consumed in Asian countries, has been reported to possess anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic properties. The aim in this study is to test the radical scavenging effect of catechins and caffeine, which were major components of green tea, and if they really prevent oxygen radical-induced mutagenesis. We used TA102 strain of Salmonella typhimurium which is sensitive to hydroxyl radical in the Ames mutation assay. We found that caffeine did not show any effects on mutagenesis in this system, but catechin significantly reduced mutagenesis or genotoxicity caused by hydroxyl radical. This radical-scavenging action of catechins may indeed contribute to the anticarcinogenic activity of green tea as has been proposed.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect markers of cartilage metabolism in synovial fluid obtained from dogs with hip dysplasia and correlation with clinical and radiographic variables     

Fujita Y  Hara Y  Nezu Y  Yamaguchi S  Schulz KS  Tagawa M 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(12):2028-2033

OBJECTIVE: To compare activities of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and contents of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (S-GAG) in joint fluid obtained from dogs with hip dysplasia (HD) and clinically normal dogs, evaluate correlations among these markers in joint fluid obtained from dogs with HD, and evaluate correlations between each marker and clinical and radiographic variables. Animals-26 dogs with HD (clinical group) and 43 clinically normal Beagles (control group). PROCEDURE: Joint fluid was aseptically collected from the hip joints of all dogs. For each dog in the clinical group, age, duration of lameness, radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) score, and Norberg angle in each affected joint were recorded. Activities of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and MMP-3 and S-GAG contents were measured. Values were compared between groups by use of Mann-Whitney U tests, and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to evaluate correlations among markers and between each marker and clinical or radiographic variables. RESULTS: Values of all markers were significantly higher for the clinical group, compared with values for the control group. There was a moderate positive correlation between lameness duration and IL-6 activity and a strong negative correlation between the Norberg angle and IL-1beta activity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of our results indicated that there was a significant increase in markers of OA in dogs with HD. Activities of IL-1beta and IL-6 in joint fluid of dogs with HD may be influenced by the severity of laxity in the hip joint and lameness duration, respectively.  相似文献   

Expression and purification of recombinant swine interleukin-4   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Nuntaprasert A  Mori Y  Fujita K  Yoneda M  Miura R  Tsukiyama-Kohara K  Kai C 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2005,28(1):17-35

The swine interleukin-4 (SwIL-4) cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. It was expressed using an expression vector pQE30 in E. coli, a baculovirus AcNPV vector pVL1392 in insect cells, and a pCAGGS vector in mammalian cells. The rSwIL-4 proteins expressed from bacteria and insect cells were purified using a chelating affinity column and a mAb-coupled immunoaffinity column. The amount of the products and their bioactivities were compared. All recombinant cytokines were efficiently reacted with the specific antibodies and the molecular weight of rSwIL-4 was approximately 16 kDa in E. coli, 15 and 18 kDa in insect cells, and 15 and 20 kDa in mammalian cells. Variations of molecular weight observed in insect and mammalian cells were probably due to different modification ways of glycosylation. All these recombinant proteins retained their antigenicity and were biologically active in inducing human TF-1 cell proliferation in vitro. The simple purification method will make it possible to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of IL-4 in pigs.  相似文献   

Fine surface structure of bovine acrosome-intact and reacted spermatozoa observed by atomic force microscopy     

Saeki K  Sumitomo N  Nagata Y  Kato N  Hosoi Y  Matsumoto K  Iritani A 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(2):293-298

The atomic force microscope (AFM) provides nanometer resolution, topographic data of the natural surface structure of materials. We studied the topology of the surface structure of bovine sperm heads during the acrosome reaction by AFM. In addition, we numerically analyzed the areas of the median sagittal plane of the sperm heads. Bovine frozen-thawed spermatozoa were washed, capacitated by heparin, and incubated with lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to induce the acrosome reaction, smeared on a cover glass, air-dried, and observed with AFM using the dynamic force (tapping) mode. AFM analysis of spermatozoa showed the clear surface structure of acrosomes, equatorial segments, postacrosomal regions and necks. Although AFM images of spermatozoa capacitated by heparin had complete acrosomes, most spermatozoa treated with LPC had no acrosomal caps as shown by AFM. These observations coincided with those obtained by light microscopy after staining with naphthol yellow S and erythrosin B. Furthermore, numerical analysis of AFM images indicated that areas of the median sagittal plane of the anterior portions of acrosome-reacted sperm heads (2679 +/- 616 pixels) were approximately 40% less than those of intact heads (4535 +/- 174 pixels, P<0.05). These results indicate that AFM can usefully observe and numerically analyze the fine surface structures of bovine spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Gastric adenocarcinoma with ossification in a ferret (Mustela putorius furo)     

Nakanishi M  Kuwamura M  Yamate J  Fujita D  Sasai H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(9):939-941

A 6-year-old female ferret had a firm mass 2 cm in diameter in the pyloric region of the stomach. Histopathologically, the mass was composed of neoplastic proliferation of well-differentiated epithelial cells, showing tubular or glandular growth patterns. Osseous metaplastic foci were often found in the tumor. Tumor cells showed a positive reaction for immunohistochemistry against bone morphogenetic protein-6, an osteogenic factor. A diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma with ossification was made.  相似文献   

Chicken peripheral blood CD3+CD4-CD8- cells are regulated by endocrine and nerve systems     

Kushima K  Yoshida K  Fujita M  Shigeta A  Horiuchi H  Matsuda H  Furusawa S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):143-148

The existence of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) T cells in thymus and spleen has already been known. However, because of the presence of large amounts of thrombocytes in peripheral blood (PB), the proportion of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) T cells in PB has yet to be investigated. Therefore, the proportion of peripheral T cell-subsets was investigated in 6-week-old chickens. The percentage of CD3(+) cells, CD4(+) cells, CD8 alpha(+) cells, CD8 beta(+), and CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells was 76%, 41%, 14%, 5%, and 15%, respectively. The proportion of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells in PB increased during egg-laying periods and in chickens treated with an analog of estrogen, while it decreased with age and in response to restraint stress. All of the CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells expressed TCR1, and did not have NK activity. CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells represent about 60% of peripheral TCR1(+) cells. These findings indicate that the proportion of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-) cells is regulated by the endocrine and nerve systems.  相似文献