The priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap of summer maize in the north of Huang-Huai-Hai region,China          下载免费PDF全文

Yue-e LIU  Yu-xin LI  Tian-fang LÜ  Jin-feng XING  Tian-jun XU  Wan-tao CAI  Yong ZHANG  Jiu-ran ZHAO  Rong-huan WANG 《农业科学学报》2021,20(2):450-459

Understanding yield potential, yield gap and the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap in current intensive maize production is essential for meeting future food demand with the limited resources. In this study, we conducted field experiments using different planting modes, which were basic productivity(CK), farmer practice(FP), high yield and high efficiency(HH), and super high yield(SH), to estimate the yield gap. Different factorial experiments(fertilizer, planting density, hybrids, and irrigation) were also conducted to evaluate the priority of individual management factors for reducing the yield gap between the different planting modes. We found significant differences between the maize yields of different planting modes. The treatments of CK, FP, HH, and SH achieved 54.26, 58.76, 65.77, and 71.99% of the yield potential, respectively. The yield gaps between three pairs: CK and FP, FP and HH, and HH and SH, were 0.76, 1.23 and 0.85 t ha~(–1), respectively. By further analyzing the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap between FP and HH, as well as HH and SH, we found that the priorities of the management factors(contribution rates) were plant density(13.29%)fertilizer(11.95%)hybrids(8.19%)irrigation(4%) for FP to HH, and hybrids(8.94%)plant density(4.84%)fertilizer(1.91%) for HH to SH. Therefore, increasing the planting density of FP was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between FP and HH, while choosing hybrids with density and lodging tolerance was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between HH and SH.  相似文献   

不同间作绿肥替代化肥模式对木薯性状和产量的影响     

唐红琴  李忠义  董文斌  韦彩会  何铁光  蒙炎成  汤海玲  莫永诚 《作物杂志》2021,37(4):184-168

通过探讨秸秆还田与化肥减施下间作绿肥对木薯产量性状的影响,着力解决连作木薯土壤肥力提高与改良相关技术的协调增效。于2019-2020年,以木薯品种“南美1号”为供试材料,设置8个处理,调查每个小区的木薯茎径、叶绿素（SPAD）、块根直径、块根长、单株茎秆鲜重、单株块根鲜重、株高、单片叶重、单株块根数以及小区产量等农艺性状。结果表明,处理5（木薯秆还田+化肥减量12.5%+12.5%营养元素当量黑豆绿肥还田）的木薯产量最高,并得到拟合方程。绿肥秸秆还田以及间作绿肥从整体上改良了土壤肥力,并通过显著影响木薯块根、单片叶重以及单株块根数而影响最终产量。  相似文献   

利用CRISPR/Cas9技术编辑DTH8基因改良水稻99-25的抽穗期     

张浩  柳絮  宣宁  张华  高瑞钰  赵倩倩  姚方印 《华北农学报》2020,35(6):58-66

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中国玉米品种及其亲本系谱数据库的创建与利用     

李建新  席蒙慧  张嘉玮  席蒙娟  田丁  鲁懿哲  陈晓阳  李卫华  张雪海  汤继华 《中国农业科学》2020,53(16):3404-3411

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基于SWOT分析的辉县中药材产业战略研究     

李云鹏  苗祯  陈彦亮  郝学政  杨静  章亚东 《北方园艺》2021,(19):145-151

辉县中药材产业属于该地区老牌第一产业,有着丰富的中药材资源,目前市场上常见的中草药,90％以上均可在这里找到.通过调查问卷的方式,在阐述辉县中药材产业发展现状的基础上,采用SWOT分析方法,对辉县发展中药材产业的优势、劣势、机遇和挑战进行综合分析,并提出了中药材产业发展的战略建议.  相似文献   

Whistle signal variations among three Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin populations in the South China Sea: a combined effect of the Qiongzhou Strait's geographical barrier function and local ambient noise?     

Jing YUAN  Zhitao WANG  Pengxiang DUAN  Yousheng XIAO  Hongke ZHANG  Zhixiong HUANG  Ruichun ZHOU  Hua WEN  Kexiong WANG  Ding WANG 《Integrative zoology》2021,16(4):499-511

Geographic variations in the dolphin whistles could be useful in assessing association and isolation among populations. Whistle of free-ranging Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) among the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), Leizhou Bei (LZB) and Sanniang Bay (SNB) populations were investigated. A total of 2850 whistles with legible fundamental contour were extracted and 15 acoustic parameters were measured. Contrary to SNB, PRE and LZB had the same relative proportion of tonal type compositions with flat and sine representing the most frequent types. The generalized linear model analysis showed significant acoustic difference among populations and tonal types. All frequency parameters in SNB were significantly higher than those in PRE and LZB, where no significant variation was observed in most of the parameters either at the population level or within each tonal type. Canonical discriminant functions analysis showed a smaller difference between PRE and LZB than between PRE and SNB and between LZB and SNB. Compared with previous recordings, recent recordings demonstrated a consistent pattern of becoming higher in whistle frequency parameters in both LZB and SNB populations, suggesting that noise pollution in LZB and SNB increasing with time according to the acoustic niche hypothesis. Dolphin whistle's geographic variations could be shaped by the combined function of the geographical barrier function of the Qiongzhou strait and local ambient noise. Considering the isolated condition and the relatively smaller population size of the humpback dolphin in the SNB, more effective and proactive conservation actions should be taken to prevent the extinction of small populations.  相似文献   

中华鳖暗温室养殖水体理化因子及微生物多样性分析     

常晓  张菊  张艳芹  闫保国  管越强 《河北渔业》2020,(12):1-8

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夏训对优秀皮划艇运动员铁调素等铁营养状况以及IL-6的影响     

王力先    赵君军  李捷    廖红娟  丘〓卫  季健民  张〓援 《上海交通大学学报(农业科学版)》2014,(5):102-104

目的：探讨夏训对优秀运动员铁调素等铁营养状况以及IL-6的影响。方法：广东省优秀皮划艇运动员26人(男15人，女11人)参加测试，调查夏训前和夏训后血红蛋白、铁调素、可溶性转铁蛋白受体、血清铁蛋白、可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白、血清铁、总铁结合力、转铁蛋白饱和度以及白介素6变化情况。结果：夏训后，男运动员组铁调素和可溶性转铁蛋白受体极显著上升(P<0.01)、血清铁蛋白极显著下降(P<0.01)，可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白显著上升(P<0.05)，总铁结合力显著下降(P<0.05)，白介素6极显著上升(P<0.01)。女运动员组血红蛋白显著降低(P<0.05)，铁调素和可溶性转铁蛋白受体极显著上升(P<0.01)，血清铁蛋白极显著下降(P<0.01)，可溶性转铁蛋白受体/log铁蛋白极显著上升(P<0.01)，白介素6极显著上升(P<0.01)。结论：夏训可引起运动员炎症因子升高、铁调素升高，导致功能铁不足；铁调素介导的铁代谢紊乱可能是运动性低血色素发生的重要原因。  相似文献   

中辽1号杨在辽宁地区引种研究     

蔄胜军  刘巍  王胜东  杨志岩  纪纯阳  韩兆伟 《辽宁林业科技》2014,(1):6-9,51

对20世纪末新引进到辽宁并经初选的12个杨树无性系进行了引种试验研究,通过无性系多点生长对比试验、室内外物候观测、对杨干象抗性评价和材性测试等,筛选出生长快、适应强的杨树新品种中辽1号杨,其材积生长量分别超过当地对照种辽宁杨、沙兰杨、荷兰3930杨和I-214杨14.8%~68.1%。其生长进程中高生长最快期是在5~6年生,连年生长量最大数值达到3.6 m;胸径生长最快期是在3~5年生,连年生长量最大数值达到6.34 cm。而且干型好、材质优良,对杨干象有相对较强的抗性,可作为新品种在其适生区大面积推广。  相似文献   

黔育1号菊苣与紫花苜蓿、鸭茅间作栽培效果研究     

覃涛英  付薇  苏生  陈伟  韩永芬  李德芳  马宁  马培杰 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(7):55-59

依据贵州省松桃县的气候特点和牧草种植需要,用黔育1号菊苣与北林202紫花苜蓿、黔草4号鸭茅分别进行间作试验,从产量、营养品质、生产效益等方面对间作复合群体与3种牧草单播进行比较分析,探讨黔育1号菊苣与不同牧草间作种植模式的增产效益。结果表明,在贵州松桃地区,黔育1号菊苣+北林202紫花苜蓿间作,年均鲜草产量可达87.27 t/hm²,比紫花苜蓿单播产量增加36.17%,生产效益提高20.77%,粗蛋白含量达26.83%。该研究结果可为松桃县种草养畜产业的发展提供技术支撑。  相似文献