Microdialysis measurements of equine lamellar perfusion and energy metabolism in response to physical and pharmacological manipulations of blood flow          下载免费PDF全文

C. E. Medina‐Torres  C. Underwood  C. C. Pollitt  E. M. Castro‐Olivera  M. P. Hodson  D. W. Richardson  A. W. van Eps 《Equine veterinary journal》2016,48(6):756-764

  相似文献   

The Influence of Pituitary Size on Outcome After Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy in a Large Cohort of Dogs with Pituitary‐Dependent Hypercortisolism          下载免费PDF全文

S.J. van Rijn  S. Galac  M.A. Tryfonidou  J.W. Hesselink  L.C. Penning  H.S. Kooistra  B.P. Meij 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(4):989-995

  相似文献   

Catecholamine Metabolism in a Shetland Pony with Suspected Pheochromocytoma and Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction          下载免费PDF全文

N. Fouché  V. Gerber  D. Gorgas  V. Marolf  E. Grouzmann  J.H. van der Kolk  C. Navas de Solis 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(6):1872-1878

  相似文献   

Effects of butafosfan with or without cyanocobalamin on the metabolism of early lactating cows with subclinical ketosis          下载免费PDF全文

U. Nuber  H. A. van Dorland  R. M. Bruckmaier 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(1):146-155

Fifty‐one dairy cows with subclinical ketosis were used to investigate the effects of butafosfan alone or in combination with cyanocobalamin on metabolism. Treatments included i.v. injection of 10 ml/100 kg of body weight with butafosfan (BUT) or combined cyanocobalamin with butafosfan (BUTCO) at a similar concentration as in Catosal^®. Control cows (CON) received a 0.9% saline solution. Cows were injected on days 1–3 at 22.3 ± 0.7 days post‐partum. Milk production and composition were not affected by the treatments. In plasma, CON cows had a significantly higher plasma NEFA concentration (0.59 ± 0.03 mm ) across the study period than BUTCO cows (p < 0.05; 0.42 ± 0.03 mm ), whereas the plasma NEFA concentration of BUT was intermediate (0.52 ± 0.03 mm ) but not significantly different from CON. Both BUTCO and BUT cows had lower (p < 0.05) plasma BHBA concentrations (1.02 ± 0.06 mm and 1.21 ± 0.06 mm , respectively) across the study period than CON (1.34 ± 0.06 mm ). Plasma glucose was not different between treatments, but plasma glucagon concentrations were consistently high in BUT compared to BUTCO and CON. Lowest post‐treatment glucagon levels were observed in BUTCO. Hepatic mRNA abundance of liver X receptor α, a nuclear receptor protein involved in lipid metabolism, was higher in BUTCO compared to BUT and CON (p < 0.05) on day 7. Furthermore, on day 7, the mRNA abundance of beta‐hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 2 was higher in BUTCO compared to BUT and CON (p < 0.01). In conclusion, injections of combined cyanocobalamin with butafosfan post‐partum in early lactation ketotic dairy cows act on lipid metabolism with effects on plasma metabolites, most likely mediated via modified activity of key factors in the liver. Results indicate that the application of butafosfan only in combination with cyanocobalamin exhibits the expected positive effects on metabolism.  相似文献   

Naturally transmitted herpesvirus papio-2 infection in a black and white colobus monkey     

Troan BV  Perelygina L  Patrusheva I  Wettere AJ  Hilliard JK  Loomis MR  Voe RS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(12):1878-1883

CASE DESCRIPTION: A 6.5-year-old female eastern black and white colobus monkey (Colobus guereza) was evaluated after acute onset of ataxia and inappetence. CLINICAL FINDINGS: The monkey was ataxic and lethargic, but no other abnormalities were detected via physical examination, radiography, or clinicopathologic analyses. During the next 2 days, the monkey's clinical condition deteriorated, and its WBC count decreased dramatically. Cytologic examination of a CSF sample revealed marked lymphohistiocytic inflammation. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Despite supportive care, the monkey became apneic; after 20 hours of mechanical ventilation, fatal cardiac arrest occurred. At necropsy, numerous petechiae were detected within the white matter tracts of the brain; microscopic lesions of multifocal necrosis and hemorrhage with intranuclear inclusions identified in the brain and adrenal glands were consistent with an acute herpesvirus infection. A specific diagnosis of herpesvirus papio-2 (HVP-2) infection was made on the basis of results of serologic testing; PCR assay of tissue specimens; live virus isolation from the lungs; and immunohistochemical identification of the virus within brain, spinal cord, and adrenal gland lesions. Via phylogenetic tree analysis, the colobus HVP-2 isolate was grouped with neuroinvasive strains of the virus. The virus was most likely transmitted to the colobus monkey through toys shared with a nearby colony of baboons (the natural host of HVP-2). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of natural transmission of HVP-2 to a nonhost species. Infection with HVP-2 should be a differential diagnosis for acute encephalopathy in primate monkeys and humans, particularly following exposure to baboons.  相似文献   

Pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus in vaccinated chickens of two different major histocompatibility B complex genotypes     

Joiner KS  Hoerr FJ  Ewald SJ  van Santen VL  Wright JC  van Ginkel FW  Toro H 《Avian diseases》2007,51(3):758-763

Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease progression in vaccinated chickens after challenge was evaluated in a single commercial line of layer chickens presenting two different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) B complex genotypes. MHC B genotypes were determined by DNA sequence-based typing of BF2 alleles. In total, 33 B2/B15 and 47 B2/B21 chickens were vaccinated with an Ark-type IB virus (IBV) attenuated vaccine and challenged with Ark-type IBV field isolate AL/4614/98 14 days later. Additional chickens of both genotypes served as unvaccinated/challenged and unvaccinated/nonchallenged controls. Clinical signs, histopathologic analysis, detection of IBV genomes in tears, and IBV-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) in tears were used to evaluate disease progression and immune response. The incidence of IBV respiratory signs was significantly higher in B2/21 than in B2/B15 MHC genotype birds. However, neither the severity and duration of respiratory signs nor the severity and incidence of histologic lesions differed significantly with MHC genotype. The levels of IBV-specific IgA in tears of vaccinated and challenged chickens did not differ significantly between MHC genotypes. IBV genomes were present in the tears of vaccinated and challenged birds, and the incidence of detectable IBV genomes did not vary significantly with MHC B genotype. From an applied perspective, these results indicate that vaccinated commercial outbred chickens with these MHC genotypes are equally resistant to IBV.  相似文献   

The effect of induced forelimb lameness on thoracolumbar kinematics during treadmill locomotion     

Gómez Alvarez CB  Wennerstrand J  Bobbert MF  Lamers L  Johnston C  Back W  van Weeren PR 《Equine veterinary journal》2007,39(3):197-201

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Lameness has often been suggested to result in altered movement of the back, but there are no detailed studies describing such a relationship in quantitative terms. OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effect of induced subtle forelimb lameness on thoracolumbar kinematics in the horse. METHODS: Kinematics of 6 riding horses was measured at walk and at trot on a treadmill before and after the induction of reversible forelimb lameness grade 2 (AAEP scale 1-5). Ground reaction forces (GRF) for individual limbs were calculated from kinematics. RESULTS: The horses significantly unloaded the painful limb by 11.5% at trot, while unloading at walk was not significant. The overall flexion-extension range of back motion decreased on average by 0.2 degrees at walk and increased by 3.3 degrees at trot (P<0.05). Changes in angular motion patterns of vertebral joints were noted only at trot, with an increase in flexion of 0.9 degrees at T10 (i.e. angle between T6, T10 and T13) during the stance phase of the sound diagonal and an increase in extension of the thoracolumbar area during stance of the lame diagonal (0.7degrees at T13, 0.8 degres at T17, 0.5 degres at L1, 0.4 degrees at L3 and 0.3 degrees at L5) (P<0.05). Lameness further caused a lateral bending of the cranial thoracic vertebral column towards the lame side (1.3 degrees at T10 and 0.9 degrees at T13) (P<0.05) during stance of the lame diagonal. CONCLUSIONS: Both range of motion and vertebral angular motion patterns are affected by subtle forelimb lameness. At walk, the effect is minimal, at trot the horses increased the vertebral range of motion and changed the pattern of thoracolumbar motion in the sagittal and horizontal planes, presumably in an attempt to move the centre of gravity away from the lame side and reduce the force on the affected limb. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Subtle forelimb lameness affects thoracolumbar kinematics. Future studies should aim at elucidating whether the altered movement patterns lead to back and/or neck dysfunction in the case of chronic lameness.  相似文献   

High prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

de Neeling AJ  van den Broek MJ  Spalburg EC  van Santen-Verheuvel MG  Dam-Deisz WD  Boshuizen HC  van de Giessen AW  van Duijkeren E  Huijsdens XW 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,122(3-4):366-372

Recently methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was isolated from pigs and pig farmers in The Netherlands. In order to assess the dissemination of MRSA in the Dutch pig population, we screened 540 pigs in 9 slaughterhouses, where a representative portion of Dutch pigs (63%) was slaughtered in 2005. We found 209 (39%) of the pigs to carry MRSA in their nares. Forty-four of 54 groups of 10 consecutive pigs (81%), each group from a different farm, and all slaughterhouses were affected. All MRSA isolates belonged to 1 clonal group, showing Multi-Locus Sequence Type 398 and closely related spa types (mainly t011, t108 and t1254). Three types of the Staphylococcal Chromosome Cassette (SCCmec) were found: III (3%), IVa (39%) and V (57%). All 44 tested isolates (1 isolate per group) were resistant to tetracycline, reflecting the high and predominant use of tetracyclines in pig husbandry. Twenty-three percent of the isolates were resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin and 36% to kanamycin, gentamicin and tobramycin but only a single isolate was resistant to co-trimoxazole and none to ciprofloxacin and several other antibiotics. The percentage of MRSA positive pigs was significantly different among slaughterhouses and among groups within slaughterhouses, indicating a high prevalence of MRSA in pigs delivered from the farms as well as cross contamination in the slaughterhouses.  相似文献   

Symmetrical alopecia, scaling and hepatitis in a rabbit   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Florizoone K  van der Luer R  van den Ingh T 《Veterinary dermatology》2007,18(3):161-164

A 5-year-old rabbit with inappetence, symmetrical alopecia and skin lesions was examined. No mites or Malassezia were found in skin scrapings and tape impressions and dermatophyte culture was negative. Trial therapy with ivermectin did not reduce skin lesion severity, and euthanasia was performed because of anorexia after 1 month. Histopathology of the skin showed hyperkeratosis, lymphocytic exocytosis, cell-poor interface dermatitis (lymphocytic infiltration and apoptotic cells in basal layer of epidermis), absence of sebaceous glands and lymphocytic mural folliculitis comparable to sebaceous adenitis and thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis previously described in rabbits. The liver exhibited an interface hepatitis, comparable to autoimmune hepatitis in man. The occurrence of morphological similarities to exfoliative dermatitis and sebaceous adenitis in rabbits, in association with an autoimmune hepatitis, has not been described before.  相似文献   

Immunological and gene expression responses to a Salmonella infection in the chicken intestine     

van Hemert S  Hoekman AJ  Smits MA  Rebel JM 《Veterinary research》2007,38(1):51-63

Besides infection in humans, Salmonella enteritidis can also cause serious illness in young chickens. However, the genetic and immunological parameters important for the disease in chickens are not well characterized. In this study, processes in the chicken intestine in response to a Salmonella infection were investigated in two different chicken lines. One-day-old chickens were orally infected with Salmonella. T-cell subpopulations, phagocytic properties of intestinal mononuclear cells and RNA expression levels of the jejunum were investigated. The two chicken lines differed in the amount of cfu in the liver and growth retardation after the infection. Differences in phagocytic activity of intestinal mononuclear cells were found between control and Salmonella infected chickens. The number of CD4+ T-cells of the intestine decreased after the Salmonella infection in one chicken line, while the number of CD8+ T-cells increased in both chicken lines, but the time post infection of this increase differed between the lines. In one chicken line the expression levels of the genes carboxypeptidase M and similar to ORF2 decreased after the Salmonella infection, which might be related to a decrease in the amount of macrophages. With the microarray, ten genes were found that were regulated in only one of the chicken lines, while we found six genes regulated in response to the infection in both chicken lines. So differences in genetic background of the chickens influence the intestinal host response of the Salmonella infection as observed by phagocytic activity, gene expression and changes in the number of T-cell subpopulations and macrophages.  相似文献