Adsorption of Cesium,Cobalt, and Lead onto a Synthetic Nano Manganese Oxide: Behavior and Mechanism     

Jamal Al Abdullah  Abdul G. Al Lafi  Wafa’a Al Masri  Yusr Amin  Tasneem Alnama 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(7):241

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Effect of potassium fertilization on yield and potassium nutrition of Boro rice in a wetland ecosystem of Bangladesh     

Aminul Islam  Abdul Muttaleb 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(11):1530-1540

Effect of potassium (K) fertilization (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg K ha^?1) on yield, nitrogen (N) and K nutrition of Boro (dry season) rice and apparent soil K balance was studied. Experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) regional station farm, Habiganj, Bangladesh during 2007–2008 to 2009–2010 in a wetland rice ecosystem under haor area. Cropping pattern was Boro–Fallow–Fallow. A popular rice variety BRRI dhan29 was tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that BRRI dhan29 maintained an average grain yield of 5.19 t ha^?1 year^?1 without K fertilization. Potassium fertilization significantly increased the grain yield to 6.86 t ha^?1 year^?1. Quadratic equations best explained the progressive increase of rice yield with increasing K rates. Optimum dose of K in 3 years ranged from 78 to 93 kg ha^?1. Internal N use efficiency of rice decreased with increasing K rates. However, K use efficiency was inconsistent. Apparent K balance study revealed that application of 100 kg K ha^?1 was not able to maintain a positive K balance in soil under wetland ecosystem with Boro–Fallow–Fallow cropping system. However, K fertilization decreased the negativity of K balance in soil.  相似文献   

Optimizing fertilizers doses and their effects on photosynthesis and biomass yield of Hibiscus cannabinus cultivated on BRIS soil     

Mohd Hadi Akbar Basri  Md. Rezaul Karim  Nasima Junejo  Hazandy Abdul Hamid  Noor Syahirah Norrashid 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2016,66(6):534-543

In tropical climate, huge amount of fertilizer need to be used for the cultivation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil, however this approach is not cost effective and environmental friendly. Therefore, the optimizing of fertilizer rate for BRIS soils and selection of suitable soil amendments are crucial to get a higher yield. In this study, the effects of different combinations of urea, chicken manure and biochar on soil properties, growth performance and physiological characteristics of kenaf cultivated on the BRIS soil were investigated. Eight treatments were conducted namely: control (T1), biochar (T2), chicken manure (T3), urea (T4), chicken manure + urea (T5), biochar + chicken manure (T6), urea + biochar (T7) and biochar + chicken manure + urea (T8). The biomass and physiological characteristics of kenaf were recorded every month, while the soil was analyzed following a standard laboratory procedure. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (urea) significantly increased the nutrient content of the soil compared to the T1, whereas T3 showed the highest pH, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable bases (Na, Mg, Ca). However, the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers showed the highest plant height, diameter of stem and number of leaves as well as dry biomass compared to other treatments. Furthermore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductivity. The results suggest that the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers represents an effective approach for the cultivation of kenaf in tropical climate.  相似文献   

新疆喀纳斯国家级自然保护区土壤螨类群落特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吾玛尔·阿布力孜  阿提坎木·吾布力喀斯木  吴松林 《干旱区资源与环境》2015,(2):99-104

为研究喀纳斯自然保护区土壤螨类群落特征,2011年7月和9月对该保护区针叶林、混交林、阔叶林、灌木林、草甸草原、林间草地、沼泽地7种生境进行了取样调查。结果表明:1)共获得土壤螨类7268只,隶属于3亚目51科58属。其中甲螨亚目3819只,38科44属,占总数的93.34%;中气门亚目264只,9科11属,占总数的6.45%;前气门亚目7只3科3属,占总数的0.21%。整个研究区域中奥甲螨属Oppia、盖头甲螨属Tectocepheus、钉棱甲螨属Passalozetes、菌甲螨属Scheloribates为优势类群,占总数的60.05%;阿斯甲螨属、短甲螨属、大翼甲螨属等13属为常见类群,占总数的29.43%;其余的41属为稀有类群,占总数的10.52%。2)在不同生境条件下土壤螨类个体数和类群数均有显著差异(P<0.05),其中个体数依次为阔叶林>针叶林>林间草地>混交林>沼泽地>草甸草原>灌木林;而类群数依次为阔叶林>草甸草原>沼泽地>针叶林>灌木林>混交林>林间草地。3)垂直分布具有明显的表聚性特征,其中0~5cm土层最多,其次为5~10cm,而10~15cm最少。4)在该保护区不同生境土壤螨类的群落组成和结构差异与植被类型、土壤环境因素及人为干扰程度有关。  相似文献   

新疆真藓属(Bryum Hedw.)新资料     

帕提姑丽·吾买尔  玛尔孜娅·阿不力米提  热比也木·吾甫  赵建成  买买提明·苏来曼 《干旱区研究》2015,32(2):286-289

通过经典分类学方法,对采自新疆各地的185号真藓属植物标本进行了整理、鉴定,报道新疆新记录2种:毛状真藓(Bryum apiculatum Schwaegr.)与近高山真藓(Bryum paradoxum Schwaegr.)。重新确定了曾有文献记载,但未见现存标本因而未加入新疆苔藓植物名录的:狭网真藓(Bryum algovicum Sendt.ex C.Müll.)与红蒴真藓(Bryum atrovirens Brid.)。并对新记录种的识别特征、生境及其地理分布作了阐述。根据识别特征绘制了狭网真藓、红蒴真藓与近高山真藓的墨线图。  相似文献   

Chemical Composition,Antifeedant, Repellent,and Toxicity Activities of the Rhizomes of Galangal,Alpinia galanga Against Asian Subterranean Termites,Coptotermes gestroi and Coptotermes curvignathus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)     

Fauziah Abdullah  Partiban Subramanian  Halijah Ibrahim  Sri Nurestri Abdul Malek  Guan Serm Lee  Sok Lai Hong 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2015,15(1)

Dual choice bioassays were used to evaluate the antifeedant property of essential oil and methanolic extract of Alpinia galanga (L.) (locally known as lengkuas) against two species of termites, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) and Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). A 4-cm-diameter paper disc treated with A. galanga essential oil and another treated with either methanol or hexane as control were placed in a petri dish with 10 termites. Mean consumption of paper discs (miligram) treated with 2,000 ppm of essential oil by C. gestroi was 3.30 ± 0.24 mg and by C. curvignathus was 3.32 ± 0.24 mg. A. galanga essential oil showed significant difference in antifeedant effect, 2,000 ppm of A. galanga essential oil was considered to be the optimum concentration that gave maximum antifeedant effect. The essential oil composition was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major component of the essential oil was 1,8-cineol (61.9%). Antifeedant bioassay using 500 ppm of 1,8-cineol showed significant reduction in paper consumption by both termite species. Thus, the bioactive agent in A. galangal essential oil causing antifeeding activity was identified as 1,8-cineol. Repellent activity shows that 250 ppm of 1,8-cineol caused 50.00 ± 4.47% repellency for C. gestroi, whereas for C. curvignathus 750 ppm of 1,8-cineol was needed to cause similar repellent activity (56.67 ± 3.33%). C. curvignathus is more susceptible compare to C. gestroi in Contact Toxicity study, the lethal dose (LD₅₀) of C. curvignathus was 945 mg/kg, whereas LD₅₀ value for C. gestroi was 1,102 mg/kg. Hence 1,8-cineol may be developed as an alternative control against termite in sustainable agriculture practices.  相似文献   

Effects of commonly used disinfectants on bacterial load,hatchability and survival of Bluefin Sea bream (Sparidentex hasta) eggs          下载免费PDF全文

Salim El‐Dakour  Azad Ismail Saheb  Khaled Al‐Abdul‐Elah 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(6):1281-1291

The efficacy of four chemical reagents, iodophor, formalin, hydrogen peroxide and bronopol as fish egg surface disinfectants were evaluated in bluefin sea bream (Sparidentex hasta). Fertilized eggs were counted and subjected to a static bath dip treatment in different concentrations of the above chemicals for 4 min before being incubated at 20 ± 0.5°C for 40 h. Treatment efficacy of the different disinfectants was evaluated by assessing the bactericidal activity, egg hatch percentage and survival of larvae up to 3 days post hatch. Results showed that iodophor at medium concentrations (75 and 100 ppm) was the best of all tested disinfectants in bacterial killing ability (12% reduction in the bacterial counts), egg hatching per cent (99.8% and 99.6% respectively) and larval survival up to 3 days post hatch (50.8% and 54.8% respectively). Formalin was the second best disinfectant at levels of 100 and 150 ppm. Hydrogen peroxide gave good results compared with the control while, bronopol showed discouraging results. In conclusion, iodophor appeared to be suitable for bluefin sea bream eggs disinfection with a 4 min exposure to 75–100 ppm when applied 14–16 h after egg fertilization.  相似文献   

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal association in Asteraceae plants growing in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia     

Partha P DHAR  Abdul A AL-QARAWI  Mohammed A U MRIDHA 《干旱区科学》2015,7(5):676-686

The present research was undertaken to explor the possibility of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) association with Asteraceae plants in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia(Al-Ghat, Buraydah, Thumamah and Huraymila). AM fungal colonization in the roots, spore numbers in the rhizosphere soil, fungal species diversity and correlation between AM properties and soil properties were determined. The highest colonization was in Conyza bonariensis(65%) from Al-Ghat, Anthemis cotula(52%) from Buraydah and C. bonariensis(53%) from Thumamah. The lowest was in Vernonia schimperi(41%) from Al-Ghat, Pulicaria undulata(25%) from Buraydah, Acanthospermum hispidum(34%) from Thumamah, Asteriscus graveolens(22%) and V. schimperi(22%) from Huraymila. Vesicular and arbuscular colonization were also presented in all plant species examined. The number of spores were 112–207 in Al-Ghat, 113–133 in Buraydah, 87–148 in Thumamah and 107–158 in Huraymila. Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, G. fasciculatum and G. aggregatum were identified. Relative frequency of AM fungal species varied widely and was irrespective of location and plant species. Diversity index varied with the rhizosphere soils of different plant species at various locations. Soil properties varied with locations and no distinct correlations were observed among the soil properties, root colonization and the number of spores. The results of the present study specified the association of AM fungi in different plants of Asteraceae and its significance in the ecological functioning of annual plants in the punitive environments of the rangelands in Saudi Arabia.  相似文献   

Effect of replacing fishmeal with canola meal on growth and nutrient utilization in kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate)     

Mahbuba Bulbul  Md. Abdul Kader  Shunsuke Koshio  Manabu Ishikawa  Saichiro Yokoyama 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(5):848-858

A feeding trial was conducted to assess the nutritional values of canola meal as a substitute for fishmeal in diets for kuruma shrimp using five isocaloric diets (190 kJ kg^?1) prepared by replacing 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of fishmeal protein with canola meal protein in CM0, CM10, CM20, CM30 and CM40 diets respectively. Triplicate groups of juveniles (0.19 g) were fed the respective diets for 60 days in tanks. At the end of trial, weight gain (%) and specific growth rate (% day^?1) were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among shrimp fed CM0, CM10 and CM20 diets. However, growth was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in shrimp fed CM30 and CM40 diets. As with growth performance, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were also decreased (P < 0.05) in CM30 and CM40 groups. Whole body dry matter, methionine and proline were significantly decreased with canola meal substitution levels. In general, retention efficiency of protein and indispensible amino acids were decreased as canola meal increased in diets. It may be concluded that 20% fishmeal protein can be successfully replaced with canola meal, while supplementation of amino acids or blending with complementary proteins could facilitate higher fishmeal replacements in kuruma shrimp diets.  相似文献   

Jasmonic and salicylic acid-induced resistance in sorghum against the stem borer Chilo partellus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Barkat Hussain  Abdul Rashid War  Hari Chand Sharma 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(1):99-108

Induced resistance was studied in three sorghum genotypes (IS2205, ICSV1 and ICSV700) against Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) infestation and jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) application. The activity of plant defensive enzymes [peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)], and the amounts of total phenols, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proteins were recorded at 6 days after infestation. The induction of enzyme activities and the amounts of secondary metabolites varied among the genotypes and treatments. The genotype IS2205 showed a stronger effect than that of ICSV1 or ICSV 700. Treatment with JA followed by insect infestation induced greater levels of enzymes and secondary metabolites. The results suggest that JA induces greater levels of resistance components in sorghum plants against insect pests. Thus, pretreatment of plants with elicitors including JA and SA could provide a greater opportunity for plant defense against herbivores.  相似文献