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31.
Soudabeh Moradi Arash Moradi Vahid Atabaigi Elmi Mohammad Reza Abdollahi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(6):1113-1126
The effects of corn particle size and dietary fibre on the performance, coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) and intestinal characteristics in broiler starters fed pelleted diets were studied. The experiment included 10 treatments arranged as a 2 × 5 factorial with two corn particle sizes (GMD of 1071 [CGC] vs. 534 [FGC]) and five diets that consisted in a low-fibre diet and four extra diets resulting from the inclusion of insoluble fibre sources (10 g/kg of lignocellulose (LC), and 30 g/kg of oat hulls; OH, rice hulls; RH, and sunflower hulls; SFH). In coarse grinding, all-fibre sources improved body weight gain and feed intake compared to the control diet (p < 0.01). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved with fibre supplementation (p < 0.01) and fine grinding of corn (FGC) (p < 0.01). Coarse grinding of corn (CGC) and inclusion of RH, SFH and OH reduced gizzard pH (p < 0.01). Fibre inclusion increased ileal fat and Ca digestibility (p < 0.01), gizzard weight (p < 0.01), digesta transit time (p < 0.01) and length of duodenum and small intestine (p < 0.01). The CAID of phosphorus increased in CGC fed birds and inclusion of RH, SFH and OH (p < 0.05). The weight of gizzard, proventriculus and pancreas (p < 0.01) was greater in CGC fed birds. Feeding SFH, RH and OH (p < 0.01), and CGC (p < 0.01) increased the villus height (VH) of the duodenum. The OH, RH and SFH supplementation increased the caecal population of Lactobacillus spp. and total anaerobic bacteria (p < 0.01) only in FGC fed birds. Overall, birds fed pelleted diets containing RH, OH and SFH (3%) exhibited improved performance, and increased nutrient digestibility, which may be caused by developed gizzards and intestine. Furthermore, coarse grinding of corn is beneficial to gizzard development. 相似文献
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Jiriaei Fatemeh Kazemi-Bonchenari Mehdi Moradi Mohammad Hossein Mirmohammadi Davood 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(2):829-837
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The effects of feeding corn steep liquor (CSL; 420 g/kg crude protein, DM basis) along with different cereal grains on performance, digestibility,... 相似文献
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Rainak Ghaderi Keyvan Tadayon Sargis Avagyan Pejvak Khaki Soheila Moradi Bidhendi Ken James Forbes Nader Mosavari Mohammad Reza Toroghi Farhad Moosakhani Reza Banihashemi Mohamad Sekhavati Nasim Karimnasab 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(4):889-894
Salmonella enterica Enteritidis is the most frequent etiological agent of salmonellosis in humans and poultry. To understand the genetic diversity of S. Enteritidis in Iran, we examined 69 chicken isolates from 18 broiler farms and six non-epidemic human isolates from six geographically distant provinces by multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Among SE2, SE3, SE5, SE7, SE8, SENTR4, and SENTR7, only SE5 with four and SENTR7 with two alleles, respectively, proved variable giving estimates of locus genetic diversity of 0.58 and 0. In all, six closely related MLVA profiles were identified among which three were commonly represented by human and chicken isolates. This population homogeneity contrasts with the high diversity at these loci reported elsewhere and is likely a consequence of a single clone of S. Enteritidis distributed across Iran. 相似文献
34.
Gholamhosein Moradi Mohammad Reza Marvie Mohadjer Ghavamodin Zahedi Amiri Anoushirvan Shirvany Nosratollah Zargham 《林业研究》2010,21(2):201-206
在Postband地区(27°58′4″-28°2′16″N,53°17′34″-53°22′30″E),辨别植物种、植物多样性、生活型及地中海气候、Irano-Torunian和撒哈拉-新店相关植物种。2008年6月至2006年12月间,调查和辨认了29个科,69个属,总计95个种。就物种频度而言,菊科和禾本科是重要的科。按照Raunkiaer's生活型谱系统和利用■2检测,生活型谱表明,年生植物、地面芽植物、高位芽植物、地上芽植物和陷芽植物分别占据全部植物种的47%、31%、12%、7%和3%。在地理分布上,Irano-Torunia地区,拥有最高的频度的29%的物种。结果表明,一年生植物比生活型基准群谱高;高位芽植物比生活型基准群谱低,这与在干旱地区的研究数据相一致。图1表4参50。 相似文献
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36.
Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini Reza Moradi Talebbeigi Mohsen Valizade 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(3):395-412
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residues and nitrogen (N) management are the major problems in the southern part of Iran where irrigated wheat–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–wheat rotation is a common practice. A 2-year (2009–2011) field experiment was conducted as a split plot design with four replications at a cotton field (Darab), Fars Province, Iran, to determine the influence of different rates of wheat residue (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%) incorporation and N rates (150, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha?1) on weed suppression, yield, and yield components of cotton. Results showed that a higher residue incorporation and a lower N rate improved weed suppression in both years. For treatments receiving 150 kg N ha?1 and 75% of wheat residues (2250 kg ha?1), weed biomass and density were significantly lower compared to treatments receiving 400 kg N ha?1. The highest cotton lint yield (about 2400–2700 kg ha?1) was obtained by 300 kg N ha?1 in the absence of residue application, in both years. Incorporation of 25% of wheat residue (750 kg ha?1) and application of 300 kg N ha?1 are recommended to guarantee an optimum level of cotton lint yield and weed suppression in a wheat–cotton–wheat rotation in this region. 相似文献
37.
Edris Gavili Farzad Moradi Choghamarani 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(12):1714-1727
Drought and low amounts of organic matter are two main constraints in arid and semiarid regions and their adverse effects on soils and plants can be alleviated by biochar (B). Therefore, the influence of 0 (0B), 1.25 (1.25B), 2.5 (2.5B) and 5% (5B) cattle-manure biochar on the growth and physiological traits of spinach and physical characteristics of postharvest soil under field capacity (FC), 0.7FC and 0.55FC conditions was evaluated. Drought decreased stomatal conductance (SC), water use efficiency (WUE), shoot dry matter yield (SDMY), soil water repellency (WR) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) by 13–45%, 3–17%, 27–51%, 48–60% and 26–36%, respectively. Whereas, all B treatments increased SC, Ks and total porosity by 11–63%, 82–221% and 2–12%, respectively. Application of 1.25B increased SDMY and WUE, whereas higher B levels were ineffective, i.e. 2.5B did not significantly affect the measured parameters and 5B reduced them. At all B levels, drought reduced SDMY. However, the lowest decrease in SDMY was observed by 1.25B. Despite their positive influence on soil’s physical quality, high B levels induced excessive salinity. Therefore, a low B level (1.25B) may be recommended since it provides positive impacts on the plant’s growth and yield while mitigating the adverse effects of drought. 相似文献
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Magnetic resonance imaging methods to reveal the real-time distribution of nickel in porous media 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A. B. Moradi S. E. Oswald J. A. Massner K. P. Pruessmann B. H. Robinson & R. Schulin 《European Journal of Soil Science》2008,59(3):476-485
Direct and non‐destructive measurement of the sorption, diffusion and mobility of ions and molecules in porous media has applications in industry and environmental science. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the dynamic distribution of paramagnetic nickel (Ni+2) ions in porous media. Various MRI sequences were tested to image Ni2+ at small concentrations. Noisy gradient echo images had poor contrast between samples containing various Ni2+ concentrations. Turbo spin echo and spoiled gradient echo images showed a linear relation between Ni2+ concentrations and signal intensity over a wide range of concentrations. Spoiled gradient echo images resolved Ni2+ concentrations (down to 30 mg litre?1) better than turbo spin echo images. However, for smaller concentrations, uncertainty in intensity values increased. A T1 measurement, obtained using an inversion recovery sequence, showed a linear correlation between T1 and Ni2+ concentration down to 1.5 mg litre?1. In a glass bead medium with an ion exchange resin as an Ni sink, the real‐time development of the Ni2+ depletion zone around the resin, as Ni was sorbed into the resin, was imaged by T1 mapping. A spatial resolution of 0.58 mm and a temporal resolution of less than a minute were achieved. The two‐dimensional Ni2+ gradient that was determined from MRI agreed well with geochemical modelling results. The results of this study showed that MRI, in particular T1 mapping, can quantify microscale behaviour of paramagnetic species in porous media. However, ferromagnetic components that naturally occur in most soils can easily disturb the MRI signal. 相似文献
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Bita Abbasi-Moshaii Mohammad Hossein Moradi Tong Yin Ghodratollah Rahimi-Mianji Ardeshir Nejati-Javaremi Sven König 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2023,140(1):92-105
Domestication and selection significantly changed phenotypic and behavioural traits in modern domestic animals. In this study, to identify the genomic regions associated with mastitis, genomic data of German Holstein dairy cattle were analysed. The samples were genotyped using the Bovine 50 K SNP chip. For each defined healthy and sick group, 133 samples from 13,276 genotyped dairy cows were selected based on mastitis random residual effects. Grouping was done to infer selection signatures based on XP-EHH statistic. The results revealed that for the top 0.01 percentile of the obtained XP-EHH values, five genomic regions on chromosomes 8, 11, 12, 14 and 26 of the control group, and four regions on chromosomes 3, 4 (two regions) and 22 of the case group, have been under selection. Also, consideration of the top 0.1 percentile of the XP-EHH values, clarified 21 and 15 selective sweeps in the control and case group, respectively. This study identified some genomic regions containing potential candidate genes associated with resistance and susceptibility to mastitis, immune system and inflammation, milk traits, udder morphology and different types of cancers. In addition, these regions overlap with some quantitative trait loci linked to clinical mastitis, immunoglobulin levels, somatic cell score, udder traits, milk fat and protein, milk yield, milking speed and veterinary treatments. It is noteworthy that we found two regions in the healthy group (on chromosomes 12 and 14) with strong signals, which were not described previously. It is likely that future research could link these identified genomic regions to mastitis. The results of the current study contribute to the identification of causal mutations, genomic regions and genes affecting mastitis incidence in dairy cows. 相似文献
40.
1. The aim of the present study was to compare different models to estimate variance components for egg weight (EW) in laying hens.
2. The data set included 67 542 EW records of 18 245 Mazandaran hens at 24, 28, 30, 32 and 84 weeks of age, during 19 consecutive generations. Variance components were estimated using multi-trait, repeatability, fixed regression and random regression models (MTM, RM, FRM and RRM, respectively) by Average Information-Restricted Maximum Likelihood algorithm (AI-REML). The models were compared based on Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC).
3. The MTM was the best model followed by the Legendre RRMs. A RRM with 2nd degree of fit for fixed regression and 3rd and 2nd degrees of fit for random regressions of direct additive genetic and permanent environmental effects, respectively, was the best RRM. The FRM and RM were not proper models to fit the data. However, nesting curves within contemporary groups improved the fit of FRM.
4. Heritability estimates for EW by MTM (0.06–0.41) were close to the estimates obtained by the best RRM (0.09–0.45). In both MTM and RRM, positive genetic correlations were estimated for EW records at different ages, with higher correlations for adjacent records.
5. The results suggest that MTM is the best model for EW data, at least when the records are taken at relatively few age points. Though selection based on EW at higher ages might be more precise, 30 or 32 weeks of age could be considered as the most appropriate time points for selection on EW to maximise genetic improvement per time unit. 相似文献