Volatile flavor compounds of some sea fish and prawn species     

Mohammad Abul  MANSUR  Anuradha  BHADRA  Hitoshi  TAKAMURA  Teruyoshi  MATOBA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(4):864-866

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Drought Stress Effects on Seed Yield, Yield Attributes, Growth, Cell Membrane Stability and Gas Exchange of Synthesized Brassica napus L.     

Abul Hashem  M. N. Amin Majumdar  Abdul Hamid  M. M. Hossain 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1998,180(3):129-136

Drought stress effects on leaf gas exchange, cell membrane stability, seed yield and yield attributes of synthesized Brassica napus L. cv. Bangla kale and Bangla cabbage were compared. Drought stress treatments were imposed at early vegetative, late vegetative and flowering stages by withholding watering. Bangla cabbage produced greater pods/plant, larger seed size, greater total dry matter/plant, seeds/pot, and 17% greater yield than Bangla kale. The seed yield in plants stressed at early vegetative, late vegetative and flowering stages were 59, 74, 88% lower respectively, than watered plants. Drought stress reduced leaf photosynthesis by 67 to 97%. Bangla cabbage had 68% greater photosynthesis and 56% greater stomatal conductance than Bangla kale under stress at flowering stage. Leaf temperature was 1 to 2°C higher in stressed plants than watered plants. The cell membrane stability (CMS) increased up to 83% at flowering stage under stress compared to 21% under watered conditions. Although Bangla cabbage had high seed yield, yield attributes and photosynthesis under stressed conditions at flowering stage, its CMS values were lower than those of Bangla kale.  相似文献   

Vanadate inhibition of fungal PhyA and bacterial AppA2 histidine acid phosphatases     

Ullah AH  Sethumadhavan K  Mullaney EJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):1739-1743

The fungal PhyA protein, which was first identified as an acid optimum phosphomonoesterase (EC 3.1.3.8), could also serve as a vanadate haloperoxidase (EC 1.11.1.10) provided the acid phosphatase activity is shut down by vanadate. To understand how vanadate inhibits both phytate and pNPP degrading activities of fungal PhyA phytase and bacterial AppA2 phytase, kinetic experiments were performed in the presence and absence of orthovanadate and metavanadate under various acidic pHs. Orthovanadate was found to be a potent inhibitor at pH 2.5 to 3.0. A 50% activity of fungal phytase was inhibited at 0.56 μM by orthovanadate. However, metavanadate preferentially inhibited the bacterial AppA2 phytase (50% inhibition at 8 μM) over the fungal phytase (50% inhibition at 40 μM). While in bacterial phytase the K(m) was not affected by ortho- or metavanadate, the V(max) was reduced. In fungal phytase, both the K(m) and V(max) was lowered. The vanadate exists as an anion at pH 3.0 and possibly binds to the active center of phytases that has a cluster of positively charged Arg, Lys, and His residues below the enzymes' isoelectric point (pI). The active site fold of haloperoxidase was shown to be very similar to fungal phytase. The vanadate anions binding to cationic residues in the active site at acidic pH thus serve as a molecular switch to turn off phytase activity while turning on the haloperoxidase activity. The fungal PhyA phytase's active site housing two distinct reactive centers, one for phosphomonoesterase and the other for haloperoxidase, is a unique example of how one protein could catalyze two dissimilar reactions controlled by vanadate.  相似文献   

GROWTH AND FRUIT QUALITY RESPONSES OF HYDROPONICALLY CULTIVATED EGGPLANTS TO MINERAL CONTROLLED DEEP SEA WATER     

Sheheli Islam  Hagimine Tomoko  Katsumi Ishikawa  Noriko Takeda  Mohammad Abul Kalam Azad  Kiyoshi Miyauchi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(13):1970-1979

A suitable application of the deep seawater for high quality eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) production was examined on vegetative growth and fruit yield with special reference to qualities of fruits. Mineral controlled deep sea water was prepared by electrodialyzing deep sea water with a selective membrane cartridge for the exchange of monovalent ions. Eggplant plants variety ‘Ryoma’ were grown in the NFT system with the applications of 2% mineral controlled deep sea water to the standard nutrient solution (mineral controlled deep sea water treatment-MDST) under greenhouse condition with four replications. With the treatment eggplant had larger vegetative growth rate than with the control. Furthermore, MDST showed that total fruit yield and marketable fruit yield was 14% and 23% higher than the control. In this study, a new methodology to produce high quality eggplants enriched in sugar, minerals, and dry matter was demonstrated by applying the natural resource.  相似文献   

Changes in microbial biomass after continuous application of azolla and rice straw in soil     

Abul Kalam Mohammad Azmal  Takuya Marumoto  Haruo Shindo  Masaya Nishiyama 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):811-818

A model experiment was conducted under tropical conditions with a view to evaluating the changes in microbial biomass and nutrient dynamics in upland soil through the continuous application of azolla and rice straw (2 g C kg^-1 soil per each application). Flush decomposition of C was observed immediately after each application and the rate of mineralization did not change appreciably during this period. After flush decomposition, the rate of C mineralization from azolla was higher than that from rice straw until 9 to 13 weeks after each application and thereafter the mineralization rate was similar. The amount of inorganic N released from azolla increased following each application, whereas inorganic N in rice straw plot was immediately immobilized and the rate of immobilization increased until the 3rd application and did not increase further after the 4th application. The amounts of biomass C and N increased immediately after residue incorporation, reached the maximum level one week after each application and declined thereafter. Maximum biomass formation increased until the 2nd application and then the level remained constant. Maximum biomass N formation was higher in azolla than in rice straw after the 1st application, but after repeated applications, the difference became less pronounced: Continuous increase in biomass in a certain week after each application was observed, probably because of the cumulative effects of the previous applications. The increase suggests that continuous application of organic materials may enable to improve the amount of soil microbial biomass.  相似文献   

The spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (subtype H5N1) clades in Bangladesh, 2010 and 2011     

Muzaffar G. Osmani  Michael P. Ward  Md. Giasuddin  Md. Rafiqul Islam  Abul Kalam 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014

Since the global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 during 2005–2006, control programs have been successfully implemented in most affected countries. HPAI H5N1 was first reported in Bangladesh in 2007, and since then 546 outbreaks have been reported to the OIE. The disease has apparently become endemic in Bangladesh. Spatio-temporal information on 177 outbreaks of HPAI H5N1 occurring between February 2010 and April 2011 in Bangladesh, and 37 of these outbreaks in which isolated H5N1 viruses were phylogenetically characterized to clade, were analyzed.  相似文献   

A Class IV Chitinase Is Up-Regulated by Fungal Infection and Abiotic Stresses and Associated with Slow-Canker-Growth Resistance to Cronartium ribicola in Western White Pine (Pinus monticola)     

Liu JJ  Ekramoddoullah AK  Zamani A 《Phytopathology》2005,95(3):284-291

ABSTRACT In the present study, in a candidate gene approach, a class IV chitinase gene (PmCh4A) of pathogenesis-related family three was cloned and characterized in western white pine (Pinus monticola). PmCh4A chitinase expression in the different organs of healthy seedlings was below levels detectable by western immunoblot analysis using an antibody raised against PmCh4A protein. However, a 27-kDa isozyme of PmCh4A accu mulated in both susceptible and slow-canker-growth (SCG) resistant seedlings after infection by Cronartium ribicola. As with fungal infection, the application of a signal chemical (methyl jasmonate) and a protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitor (okadaic acid) increased the PmCh4A protein accumulation. Furthermore, another 26-kDa isozyme was expressed specifically in SCG resistant seedlings, providing a potential tool for marker-assisted selection in forest breeding. Wounding treatment also induced expression of the protein. These data suggest that the class IV chitinase PmCh4A is involved in the defense response of western white pine to infection and abiotic stresses.  相似文献   

Characterization, expression and evolution of two novel subfamilies of Pinus monticola cDNAs encoding pathogenesis-related (PR)-10 proteins     

Liu JJ  Ekramoddoullah AK 《Tree physiology》2004,24(12):1377-1385

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First record of Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) affecting faba bean (Vicia faba) crops in Egypt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. M. Makkouk  L. Rizkallah  S. G. Kumari  M. Zaki  R. Abul Enein 《Plant pathology》2003,52(3):413-413

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Level of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and uric acid in thioacetamide-induced cirrhotic rats   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Abul H  Mathew TC  Dashti HM  Al-Bader A 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2002,31(2):66-71

Levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were determined in blood and hepatic tissues of thioacetamide-induced cirrhotic rats and compared to levels in age-matched control animals. The plasma level of uric acid was also determined in these animals. A general decrease was noticed in the level of all the antioxidants examined as compared to the control. This decrease was statistically significant in the level of all the antioxidants studied, except for the level of superoxide dismutase in blood. A decrease in the antioxidant level may indicate an increase in free radical level and thereby an increase in cellular damage in cirrhotic rats. The changes in the level of antioxidants showed a direct correlation with the changes in the level of trace elements observed in our previous studies. These studies suggest that antioxidants alone or in combination with trace elements may have beneficial effects in treating liver cirrhosis.  相似文献