Evolution of rotavirus C in humans and several domestic animal species     

Nídia S. Trovo  Frances K. Shepherd  Katerina Herzberg  Matthew C. Jarvis  Ham C. Lam  Albert Rovira  Marie R. Culhane  Martha I. Nelson  Douglas G. Marthaler 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(5):546-557

Rotavirus C (RVC) causes enteric disease in multiple species, including humans, swine, bovines, and canines. To date, the evolutionary relationships of RVC populations circulating in different host species are poorly understood, owing to the low availability of genetic sequence data. To address this gap, we sequenced 45 RVC complete genomes from swine samples collected in the United States and Mexico. A phylogenetic analysis of each genome segment indicates that RVC populations have been evolving independently in human, swine, canine, and bovine hosts for at least the last century, with inter‐species transmission events occurring deep in the phylogenetic tree, and none in the last 100 years. Bovine and canine RVC populations clustered together nine of the 11 gene segments, indicating a shared common ancestor centuries ago. The evolutionary relationships of RVC in humans and swine were more complex, due to the extensive genetic diversity and multiple RVC clades identified in pigs, which were not structured geographically. Topological differences between trees inferred for different genome segments occurred frequently, including at nodes deep in the tree, indicating that RVC's evolutionary history includes multiple reassortment events that occurred a long time ago. Overall, we find that RVC is evolving within host‐defined lineages, but the evolutionary history of RVC is more complex than previously recognized due to the high genetic diversity of RVC in swine, with a common ancestor dating back centuries. Pigs may act as a reservoir host for RVC, and a source of the lineages identified in other species, including humans, but additional sequencing is needed to understand the full diversity of this understudied pathogen across multiple host species.  相似文献   

Climate-sensitive modelling of site-productivity relationships for Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)     

M. Albert  M. Schmidt 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010,259(4):739-749

The aim of the presented research project is to fit a site index model capable for predicting changes in site-productivity in a changing climate. A generalized additive model is used to predict site index as a function of soil and climate variables. The climate parameter values are estimated using the regional climate model WETTREG, based on global climate simulations with the global circulation model ECHAM5/MPI-OM for the reference period from 1961 to 1990. The climate values are further regionalized on a 200 m × 200 m grid. The generalized additive model quantifies the partial linear and non-linear effects of the predictor variables on site index. The model is parameterized for Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Lower Saxony, Germany. Two case studies investigate the model's ability to generate information in order to support forest management planning decisions under a changing climate. One example analyzes the possible shift in site index of spruce along a precipitation gradient under the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emission scenario A1B in the period from 2041 to 2050. The other case study shows possible future changes in site index of beech along a temperature gradient.  相似文献   

Correction to: Population genetic structure of lumpfish along the Norwegian coast: aquaculture implications     

Ólöf Dóra Bartels Jónsdóttir  Julia Schregel  Snorre B. Hagen  Camilla Tobiassen  Siv Grethe Aarnes  Albert K. D. Imsland 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(1):61-61

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error where the figure caption for Figures 3 and 4 was mixed.  相似文献   

Feeding of juvenile cobia,Rachycentron canadum: Evaluation of practical feeds,comparison of commercial fishmeal replacers,and estimation of essential amino acid requirements     

Thiago Raggi  Albert G. J. Tacon  Daniel Lemos 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(2):317-335

Three studies were conducted with juvenile cobia, Rachycentron canadum: (Study 1) a 10‐week feeding trial within floating net cages to test the nutritional efficacy of different dietary feeding regimes (trash‐fish control diet, a semimoist diet, an in‐house dry formulated diet, and a commercial cobia feed); (Study 2) a 10‐week feeding trial within an indoor water‐recirculating tank‐based system to test the nutritional efficiency of different potential dietary fishmeal replacers (poultry byproduct meal, soy protein concentrate, feather meal), a diet without taurine supplementation, and a commercial cobia feed; and (Study 3) estimation of the essential amino acid (EAA) requirements of cobia based on EAA whole‐body composition in fast‐growing cobia fed a trash‐fish‐based diet. Fish performance in terms of growth and feed efficiency was the greatest within the outdoor net‐cage feeding trial, with fish fed the control trash‐fish‐based diet exhibiting the best performance. Although fish growth was poorer within the indoor feeding trials, fish performance was similar for most diets, with apparent crude protein digestibility coefficients of over 75% being obtained in all experimental diets in both feeding trials. The estimated EAA requirements of cobia obtained during this study were similar to those reported for other similar marine carnivorous fish species.  相似文献   

Odor-active alcohols from the fungal transformation of alpha-farnesene     

Krings U  Hardebusch B  Albert D  Berger RG  Maróstica M  Pastore GM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(24):9079-9084

Submerged microbial cultures were screened for their potential to oxifunctionalize alpha-farnesene. The major oxidation product in all transforming cultures, 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,3(E),5(E)10-tetraen-7-ol, showed a pleasant citrus-like odor and peak concentrations of 170 mg L-1. An Aspergillus niger isolate from mango generated another two terpene alcohols identified as diastereomeric menth-1-en-3-[2-methyl-1,3-butadienyl]-8-ol, a new natural compound with an apricot-like odor. The regiospecifity of the oxygen attack with concurrent lack of stereoselectivity suggested that the initial step of the bioconversion resembled the chemical autoxidation starting with the generation of an intermediate resonance-stabilized carbon-centered radical or carbocation.  相似文献   

Structure of the 70S ribosome complexed with mRNA and tRNA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Selmer M  Dunham CM  Murphy FV  Weixlbaumer A  Petry S  Kelley AC  Weir JR  Ramakrishnan V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5795):1935-1942

The crystal structure of the bacterial 70S ribosome refined to 2.8 angstrom resolution reveals atomic details of its interactions with messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). A metal ion stabilizes a kink in the mRNA that demarcates the boundary between A and P sites, which is potentially important to prevent slippage of mRNA. Metal ions also stabilize the intersubunit interface. The interactions of E-site tRNA with the 50S subunit have both similarities and differences compared to those in the archaeal ribosome. The structure also rationalizes much biochemical and genetic data on translation.  相似文献   

Comment on "Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites"     

Ammerman AJ  Pinhasi R  Bánffy E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5782):1875; author reply 1875

On the basis of analysis of ancient DNA from early European farmers, Haak et al. (Reports, 11 November 2005, p. 1016) argued for the Paleolithic ancestry of modern Europeans. We stress that the study is more limited in scope than the authors claim, in part because not all of the skeletal samples date to the time of the Neolithic transition in a given area of Europe.  相似文献   

Variable very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the microquasar LS I +61 303     

Albert J  Aliu E  Anderhub H  Antoranz P  Armada A  Asensio M  Baixeras C  Barrio JA  Bartelt M  Bartko H  Bastieri D  Bavikadi SR  Bednarek W  Berger K  Bigongiari C  Biland A  Bisesi E  Bock RK  Bordas P  Bosch-Ramon V  Bretz T  Britvitch I  Camara M  Carmona E  Chilingarian A  Ciprini S  Coarasa JA  Commichau S  Contreras JL  Cortina J  Curtef V  Danielyan V  Dazzi F  De Angelis A  de Los Reyes R  De Lotto B  Domingo-Santamaría E  Dorner D  Doro M  Errando M  Fagiolini M  Ferenc D  Fernández E  Firpo R  Flix J  Fonseca MV  Font L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5781):1771-1773

Microquasars are binary star systems with relativistic radio-emitting jets. They are potential sources of cosmic rays and can be used to elucidate the physics of relativistic jets. We report the detection of variable gamma-ray emission above 100 gigaelectron volts from the microquasar LS I 61 + 303. Six orbital cycles were recorded. Several detections occur at a similar orbital phase, which suggests that the emission is periodic. The strongest gamma-ray emission is not observed when the two stars are closest to one another, implying a strong orbital modulation of the emission or absorption processes.  相似文献   

Modelling photosynthesis in highly dynamic environments: the case of sunflecks     

A Porcar-Castell  S Palmroth 《Tree physiology》2012,32(9):1062-1065

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IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS OF AN INTRACRANIAL EPIDURAL TUBERCULOMA IN A DOG     

Cristian de la Fuente  Martí Pumarola  Sergio Ródenas  Laia Foradada  Albert Lloret  Bernat Pérez de Val  Sònia Añor 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(6):655-659

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is highly sensitive for detecting tuberculomas in human patients but the specificity of the MR imaging features is low. Misdiagnosis with intracranial neoplasia is common, especially with dural‐based lesions or lesions located in the epidural space. We describe the MR imaging characteristics of an intracranial epidural tuberculoma caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog. The intracranial mass and skull flat bone lysis and erosion are similar to those described in human caseating tuberculomas and can mimic intracranial neoplastic disease.  相似文献