Linalool from Lippia alba: study of the reproducibility of the essential oil profile and the enantiomeric purity     

Siani AC  Tappin MR  Ramos MF  Mazzei JL  Ramos MC  De Aquino Neto FR  Frighetto N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(12):3518-3521

A new chemotype of the aromatic Verbenaceae species Lippia alba Mill. N. E. Br. from southeastern Brazil has recently been shown to have a high content of linalool in the leaf essential oil. Vegetative propagation of this chemotype was conducted at six different locations in Brazil, and the variation of the content and the optical purity of linalool in the oils were verified. Yields (0.6-0.9%, hydrodistillation), chemical composition, linalool content, and optical purity of the oils from all the plants were compared, using GC-FID, GC-MS, chiral chromatography, and retention index calculation. No plant exceeded the matrix in linalool content (46.5 to 90.7%), and the chemical profile of the oils was the same for all the samples. Purification of linalool to a content close to 100% was effected by vacuum distillation of the crude oil. Chiral analysis showed exclusively the presence of S-linalool in all the crude oils and in the distilled samples.  相似文献   

Identification of key odorants related to the typical aroma of oxidation-spoiled white wines   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Silva Ferreira AC  Hogg T  Guedes de Pinho P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(5):1377-1381

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In vitro antioxidant activities of edible artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and effect on biomarkers of antioxidants in rats     

Jiménez-Escrig A  Dragsted LO  Daneshvar B  Pulido R  Saura-Calixto F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(18):5540-5545

Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), an edible vegetable from the Mediterranean area, is a good source of natural antioxidants such as vitamin C, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavones. The antioxidant activity of aqueous-organic extracts of artichoke were determined using three methods: (a) free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(*)) scavenging, (b) ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and (c) inhibition of copper(II)-catalyzed in vitro human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. In addition, the present study was performed to investigate the ability of the edible portion of artichoke to alter in vivo antioxidative defense in male rats using selected biomarkers of antioxidant status. One gram (dry matter) had a DPPH(*) activity and a FRAP value in vitro equivalent to those of 29.2 and 62.6 mg of vitamin C and to those of 77.9 and 159 mg of vitamin E, respectively. Artichoke extracts showed good efficiency in the inhibition in vitro of LDL oxidation. Neither ferric-reducing ability nor 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonate) radical scavenging activity was modified in the plasma of the artichoke group with respect to the control group. Among different antioxidant enzymes measured (superoxide dismutase, gluthatione peroxidase, gluthatione reductase, and catalase) in erythrocytes, only gluthatione peroxidase activity was elevated in the artichoke group compared to the control group. 2-Aminoadipic semialdehyde, a protein oxidation biomarker, was decreased in plasma proteins and hemoglobin in the artichoke-fed group versus the control group. In conclusion, the in vitro protective activity of artichoke was confirmed in a rat model.  相似文献   

Production,characterization, and effects on tomato of humic acid-like polymerin metal derivatives from olive oil mill waste waters     

Capasso R  De Martino A  Cristinzio G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):4018-4024

The dark polymeric organic fraction rich in potassium recovered from olive oil mill waste waters (OMWW) and named polymerin and the potassium salified deglycosylated polymerin derivative (K-SDpolymerin) were easily transformed into their metal derivatives by saturation with various metals, including Na, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Al. Saturated metal polymerins were characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrometry. Tests on tomato plants of the various polymerins showed that only the soluble polymerin, K-SDpolymerin, and the insoluble Mn-SDpolymerin were significantly toxic. The toxic effects of OMWW on tomato at the original concentration and diluted 1:10 were much stronger than those of any polymerin. The possible exploitation of polymerins as bioamendments and/or metal biointegrators as a functon of their phytotoxic effects, their humic acid-like nature, and their richness in macro- and micronutrient metals is also discussed.  相似文献   

Heavy metal and PCB spatial distribution pattern in sediments within an urban catchment—contribution of historical pollution sources     

Celia Dias-Ferreira  Rosinda L. Pato  Jorge B. Varejão  Alexandre O. Tavares  Antonio J. D. Ferreira 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(11):2594-2605

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Effect of the number of intercrosses on grain yield in basic rice synthetic populations     

Antonio Carlos Centeno Cordeiro  Antônio Alves Soares  Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho  Paulo Hideo Nakano Rangel 《Euphytica》2003,132(1):79-86

The effect of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 intercross cycles using genetic male sterility on the mean yield and genetic variability of the CNA 5 irrigated rice synthetic population was assessed studying 300 S_0:2 (1998/99) and S_0:3 (1999/00) families grown in two locations (Lambari, MG and Goianira, GO). Each intercross was investigated using a 8 × 8 triple lattice design experiment containing 60 families and four control cultivars. Five experiments were carried out per location and generation, totaling 20 experiments. Individual, combined over locations, combined over generations and combined over locations and generations analyses of variance were performed. Linear regression equations were fitted to data of each location and generation as well as, genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated. An average increase of 3.91% in grain yield was obtained with the increase in the number of intercrosses. However, when genetic gains obtained from selection of the five and ten highest yielding families were considered, negative b estimates were always obtained, suggesting a tendency of gain increase reduction with the increase in the number of intercrosses. This was confirmed by the analysis of the means of the best families, since increases in the number of intercrosses did not result in selection of families with greater mean grain yield. The estimates of the genetic variances and heritabilities did not suggest an increase in genetic variability with the increase in intercross cycles. Therefore, carrying out intercrosses on the base population did not improve the results of the irrigated rice recurrent selection program. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A poorly differentiated pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma in a free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus).     

Ruth Y Ewing  Antonio A Mignucci-Giannoni 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(2):162-165

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MASS CULTURE OF Brachionus plicatilis WITH AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF Tetraselmis suecica AND Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Salvatore Giliberto  Antonio Mazzola 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1981,12(2):61-62

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A PCR technique for the detection of Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus in the blood suitable for the screening of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma in field conditions     

De Las Heras M  Ortín A  Salvatori D  Pérez de Villareal M  Cousens C  Miguel Ferrer L  Miguel Cebrián L  García de Jalón JA  Gonzalez L  Michael Sharp J 《Research in veterinary science》2005,79(3):201-264

Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a naturally occurring contagious lung neoplasia caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). Although no specific circulating antibodies against the virus can be detected in infected sheep, JSRV proviral DNA sequences can be found in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in clinically affected and in a proportion of in contact animals. In this study, existing hemi-nested PCR procedure is compared with a new one-step PCR technique that was developed to minimise potential DNA contamination and reduce sample and reagent handling. Different blood preparations were assessed and the best results were achieved on DNA prepared from buffy coat. The sensitivity of this PCR was lower in JSRV infected sheep without lesions of OPA than in clinically affected sheep, which indicate that this PCR may not be not fully appropriate for screening of individual sheep, but rather to provide results at flock level. This PCR is the only currently available blood test for detection of JSRV infected sheep and may be useful in epidemiological studies and in control programmes of OPA.  相似文献   

Aerobic bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in Gulf of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups     

Hernández-Castro R  Martínez-Chavarría L  Díaz-Avelar A  Romero-Osorio A  Godínez-Reyes C  Zavala-González A  Verdugo-Rodríguez A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(3):359-363

Nasal swab samples from clinically healthy California sea lions pups (Zalophus californianus) from six different reproductive rookeries in the Gulf of California were collected to determine the type and frequency of the representative aerobic bacterial microflora of their nasal mucosa. A total of 114 samples were examined and 100 bacterial isolates were identified and typified by microbiological and biochemical standard tests. Fifty four isolates corresponded to Gram positive bacteria (54%) and 46 isolates to Gram negative bacteria (46%). Fifteen bacterial genera were identified, including Micrococcus, Arcanobacterium, Corynebacterium, Moraxella, Neisseria, Escherichia, Kurthia, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas. The most frequently isolated genera were Moraxella (24%), Micrococcus (18%), and Corynebacterium (15%). These results show the presence in the nasal cavity of sea lions of several microorganisms. Although considered part of the normal microflora, they may also be opportunistic pathogens for their hosts and may act as a potential natural sentinel of environmental changes.  相似文献