Benign intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma causing glaucoma in an 11‐year‐old Arabian mare     

Marta Leiva  Fiorenza Felici  Andrea Carvalho  Antonio Ramis  Teresa Peña 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2013,16(4):297-302

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Natural enemies of the South American moth, Tuta absoluta, in Europe, North Africa and Middle East, and their potential use in pest control strategies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lucia Zappalà  Antonio Biondi  Alberto Alma  Ibrahim J. Al-Jboory  Judit Arnò  Ahmet Bayram  Anaïs Chailleux  Ashraf El-Arnaouty  Dan Gerling  Yamina Guenaoui  Liora Shaltiel-Harpaz  Gaetano Siscaro  Menelaos Stavrinides  Luciana Tavella  Rosa Vercher Aznar  Alberto Urbaneja  Nicolas Desneux 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(4):635-647

The South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an invasive Neotropical pest. After its first detection in Europe, it rapidly invaded more than 30 Western Palaearctic countries becoming a serious agricultural threat to tomato production in both protected and open-field crops. Among the pest control tactics against exotic pests, biological control using indigenous natural enemies is one of the most promising. Here, available data on the Afro-Eurasian natural enemies of T. absoluta are compiled. Then, their potential for inclusion in sustainable pest control packages is discussed providing relevant examples. Collections were conducted in 12 countries, both in open-field and protected susceptible crops, as well as in wild flora and/or using infested sentinel plants. More than 70 arthropod species, 20 % predators and 80 % parasitoids, were recorded attacking the new pest so far. Among the recovered indigenous natural enemies, only few parasitoid species, namely, some eulophid and braconid wasps, and especially mirid predators, have promising potential to be included in effective and environmentally friendly management strategies for the pest in the newly invaded areas. Finally, a brief outlook of the future research and applications of indigenous T. absoluta biological control agents are provided.  相似文献   

Effects of milk feeding, frequency and concentration on weaning and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calf growth, health and behaviour     

Domenico Vecchio  Rossella Di Palo  Esterina De Carlo  Luigi Esposito  Giorgio Antonio Presicce  Alessandra Martucciello  Emilio Chiosi  Pasquale Rossi  Gianluca Neglia  Giuseppe Campanile 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(8):1697-1702

Growth, weight at birth and daily weight gain (DWG) on 12 water buffalo calves, starting from 6 days of age until completion of weaning, was investigated in this study. Different feeding regimens were given to two groups of animals with regard to daily milk replacer: (1) group 1 (G1) received a double concentration in single administration; whereas (2) group 2 (G2) received the same amount of milk replacer split twice daily. Blood samples were collected from each calf on days 6, 30, 60 and 90 to evaluate acute phase proteins (haptoglobin), bactericide activity, lysozime, total protein content and biochemical parameters. No differences were observed between the two groups in terms of dry matter intake, feed efficiency and live body weight at the end of the study. Interestingly, a significantly (P?<?0.05) reduced DWG was observed earlier in G1 (day 45) than in G2 (day 60). Gastrointestinal disorders were not recorded throughout the experimental period, and no significant differences were recorded between the two groups for all considered parameters. This study confirms the possibility of utilising one daily administration of milk replacer in water buffalo calf during weaning. This new approach facilitates calves management, without interfering with calves growing performances.  相似文献   

Optimization of the pepsin digestion method for anisakids inspection in the fishing industry     

María Llarena-Reino  Carmen Piñeiro  José Antonio  Luis Outeriño  Carlos Vello  Ángel F. González  Santiago Pascual 《Veterinary parasitology》2013,191(3-4):276-283

During the last 50 years human anisakiasis has been rising while parasites have increased their prevalence at determined fisheries becoming an emergent major public health problem. Although artificial enzymatic digestion procedure by CODEX (STAN 244-2004: standard for salted Atlantic herring and salted sprat) is the recommended protocol for anisakids inspection, no international agreement has been achieved in veterinary and scientific digestion protocols to regulate this growing source of biological hazard in fish products. The aim of this work was to optimize the current artificial digestion protocol by CODEX with the purpose of offering a faster, more useful and safer procedure for factories workers, than the current one for anisakids detection. To achieve these objectives, the existing pepsin chemicals and the conditions of the digestion method were evaluated and assayed in fresh and frozen samples, both in lean and fatty fish species. Results showed that the new digestion procedure considerably reduces the assay time, and it is more handy and efficient (the quantity of the resulting residue was considerably lower after less time) than the widely used CODEX procedure. In conclusion, the new digestion method herein proposed based on liquid pepsin format is an accurate reproducible and user-friendly off-site tool, that can be useful in the implementation of screening programs for the prevention of human anisakiasis (and associated gastroallergic disorders) due to the consumption of raw or undercooked contaminated seafood products.  相似文献   

Ovarian Tumor in a Mare—Thecoma—Case Report     

Nereu Carlos Prestes  Carolina Nogueira de Moraes  Leandro Maia  Isabelle Rayanne Sousa de Oliveira  Viciany Erique Fabris  Marco Antonio Alvarenga 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

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pH-Dependent Solution Structure and Activity of a Reduced Form of the Host-Defense Peptide Myticin C (Myt C) from the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis     

Alicia Martinez-Lopez  Jose Antonio Encinar  Regla Maria Medina-Gali  Pablo Balseiro  Pablo Garcia-Valtanen  Antonio Figueras  Beatriz Novoa  Amparo Estepa 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2328-2346

Myticin C (Myt C) is a highly variable host-defense peptide (HDP) associated to the immune response in the mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), which has shown to be active across species due to its strong antiviral activity against a fish rhabdovirus found in fish cells overexpressing this HDP. However, the potential antimicrobial properties of any synthetic analogue of Myt C has not yet been analysed. Thus, in this work we have synthesised the sequence of the mature peptide of Myt C variant c and analysed the structure activity relationships of its reduced (non-oxidized) form (red-MytCc). In contrast to results previously reported for oxidized isoforms of mussel myticins, red-MytCc was not active against bacteria at physiological pH and showed a moderate antiviral activity against the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) rhabdovirus. However, its chemotactic properties remained active. Structure/function studies in neutral and acid environments by means of infrared spectroscopy indicated that the structure of red-MytCc is pH dependent, with acid media increasing its alpha-helical content. Furthermore, red-MytCc was able to efficiently aggregate artificial phospholipid membranes at low pH, as well as to inhibit the Escherichia coli growth, suggesting that this activity is attributable to its more structured form in an acidic environment. All together, these results highlight the dynamic and environmentally sensitive behavior of red-Myt C in solution, and provide important insights into Myt C structure/activity relationships and the requirements to exert its antimicrobial/immunomodulatory activities. On the other hand, the pH-dependent direct antimicrobial activity of Myt C suggests that this HDP may be a suitable template for the development of antimicrobial agents that would function selectively in specific pH environments, which are sorely needed in this “antibiotic-resistance era”.  相似文献   

Salmonella serotypes in wild boars (Sus scrofa) hunted in northern Italy     

Mario Chiari  Mariagrazia Zanoni  Silvia Tagliabue  Antonio Lavazza  Loris G Alborali 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):42

Background

Salmonella species (spp.) are zoonotic enteric bacteria able to infect humans, livestock and wildlife.However, little is known about the prevalence and the presence of the different serovars in wildlife. Considering the wide distribution of wild boars and the feeding behaviour (omnivorous scavengers), wild boars may be a good indicator for environmental presence of Salmonella spp. The aims of this study were to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in hunted wild boars and to determine the serotype the isolated strains.

Findings

Over three hunting seasons, the intestinal contents of 1,313 boars hunted in northern Italy were sampled and cultured. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 326 boars (24.82%). Thirty different serovars belonging to three different S. enterica spp. were found. Twenty-one serovars of S. enterica subsp. Enterica were found including the human pathogens S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. In addition, nine serovars belonging to S.enterica subsp. diarizonae and S. enterica subsp. houtenae were detected.

Conclusions

Considering the widespread occurrence of wild boars in Europe, the epidemiological role of this species in relation to salmonellosis might be relevant and should be further investigated. Wild boars may act as healthy carriers of a wide range of Salmonella serotypes.  相似文献   

The relationships between scrotal surface temperature,age and sperm quality in stallions     

Carlos Ramires Neto  Gabriel Augusto Monteiro  Diego José Zanzarini Delfiol  Marcel Cavalcanti Farras  José Antônio Dell'aqua Jr.  Frederico Ozanan Papa  Marco Antonio Alvarenga 《Livestock Science》2013,157(1):358-363

In horses, spermatogenesis normally occurs at an average intratesticular temperature of 35 °C; therefore, mechanisms for testicular thermoregulation are essential. Measuring the scrotal surface temperature by thermography is one of the methodologies used to evaluate the effectiveness of testicular thermoregulation. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the control of scrotal surface temperature and sperm quality in horses of different ages. In total, 24 Quarter Horse stallions were divided into three groups: YS (young stallions), AS (adult stallions) and OS (old stallions). Initially, we calculated the testicular volume (TV) and evaluated various aspects of the semen (sperm kinetics, plasma membrane integrity and sperm morphology) for all the animals. We also evaluated rectal temperature (RT), body surface temperature (BST,) and average scrotal surface temperature in the testicular region (SST) before (M0) and after sun exposure (M1). Differences were observed (p<0.05) between the RT and BST before and after sun exposure in all three groups. However, there were no differences (p>0.05) in the SST values at these two time points, thus demonstrating the efficiency of the mechanisms for testicular thermoregulation. The SST was similar (p>0.05) among all three groups. Based on these results, we conclude that fertile stallions of different age groups are able to maintain SST and measuring the heat radiating from the scrotum using a digital infrared thermographer. We can also conclude that measuring the heat radiating from the scrotum using a digital infrared thermographer is a practical and efficient tool for monitoring SST in horses.  相似文献   

Invasion biology of spotted wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii): a global perspective and future priorities     

Mark K. Asplen  Gianfranco Anfora  Antonio Biondi  Deuk-Soo Choi  Dong Chu  Kent M. Daane  Patricia Gibert  Andrew P. Gutierrez  Kim A. Hoelmer  William D. Hutchison  Rufus Isaacs  Zhi-Lin Jiang  Zsolt Kárpáti  Masahito T. Kimura  Marta Pascual  Christopher R. Philips  Christophe Plantamp  Luigi Ponti  Gábor Vétek  Heidrun Vogt  Vaughn M. Walton  Yi Yu  Lucia Zappalà  Nicolas Desneux 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(3):469-494

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Application of a low-cost camera on a UAV to estimate maize nitrogen-related variables     

Corti  Martina  Cavalli  Daniele  Cabassi  Giovanni  Vigoni  Antonio  Degano  Luigi  Marino Gallina  Pietro 《Precision Agriculture》2019,20(4):675-696

Precision Agriculture - The development of small unmanned aerial vehicles and advances in sensor technology have made consumer digital cameras suitable for the remote sensing of vegetation. In this...  相似文献