Assessment of distribution and diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Avena</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic"> sterilis</Emphasis> L. and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Avena fatua</Emphasis> L. in cereal crops of Greece based on a 3-year survey and selected morphological traits     

Ilias S. Travlos  Costas N. Giannopolitis 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(3):337-341

Under the view of species genetic erosion and the need of better crops, wild species could become important germplasm sources for breeding. At present, several wild Avena species are used as donors of valuable characters in oat breeding. In this study, wild oat distribution and diversity in wheat, barley and oat fields of Greece was examined by means of a 3-year survey in some typical cereal producing regions in the central part of the country. Greenhouse experiments were also conducted in order to compare seedlings grown from wild oat accessions of these regions under the same conditions. A total of 151 fields were surveyed and 158 accessions of wild oats were studied in terms of some morphological traits. The occurrence and distribution of A. sterilis was very high, while a noticeable and first-time analytically reported presence of A. fatua was evident in some of the surveyed wheat fields. The high diversity of wild oat was furthermore indicated by means of the pot experiments. The high degree of phenotypic variation in A. sterilis could be attributed to the earlier introduction of this species in the sampling area, compared to A. fatua. Wild oat distribution and diversity in a region seems crucial for the cereal production and is an important parameter which must be considered in evaluating efficacy of weed control strategies, while genes controlling these characters could be potentially used to improve cultivated forms of oats or other cereals.  相似文献   

The evolution of multiple‐insecticide resistance in UK populations of tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta     

Charles Grant  Rob Jacobson  Aris Ilias  Madeleine Berger  Emmanouil Vasakis  Pablo Bielza  Christoph T Zimmer  Martin S Williamson  Richard H ffrench‐Constant  John Vontas  Emmanouil Roditakis  Chris Bass 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2079-2085

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Efficacy of bath vaccination with a live attenuated Vibrio harveyi against vibriosis in Asian seabass fingerling,Lates calcarifer     

Yong Kit Chin  Nurhidayu Al‐saari  Zarirah Zulperi  Aslizah Mohd‐Aris  Annas Salleh  Santha Silvaraj  Aslah Mohamad  JingYie Lee  Mohd Zamri-Saad  Md Yasin Ina-Salwany 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):389-399

Vibrio harveyi causes vibriosis in various marine aquaculture fish species, especially when they are young. The infection subsequently leads to significant economic losses for aquaculture farms. Vaccination is recommended to control this disease. This study describes the efficacy of a live attenuated V. harveyi strain MVh_vhs (LAVh) as a vaccine candidate in controlling infection by wild‐type V. harveyi (WTVh) in Lates calcarifer. A total of 240 fingerlings were divided into four groups. Group 1 was not vaccinated and was not challenged, Group 2 was vaccinated with a formalin‐killed V. harveyi (FKVh), Group 3 was vaccinated with the LAVh before challenge and Group 4 was not vaccinated and was challenged. Bath vaccination was employed for one hour before the LAVh distribution was determined in the fish mucus, gill, liver, gut, kidney and spleen. The gills, livers, kidneys and skins were also sampled for gene expression analysis. To challenge the fish, skin abrasion was conducted before the fish were challenged by immersion with WTVh. The results revealed an extensive distribution of the LAVh in the liver and kidneys of the fish in Group 3 for the first 12 hr, resulting in mild lesions compared with Group 1. Similarly, there were significantly (p < .05) higher expressions of the Chemokine ligand 4 and major histocompatibility complex I genes in the skin and liver of the fish in Group 3 in comparison with other groups. Vaccination with LAVh resulted in a significantly high rate of survival (68%) of the fingerlings after being challenged with WTVh.  相似文献   

Efficacy of spinetoram as a contact insecticide on different surfaces against stored-product beetle species     

Thomas N. Vassilakos  Christos G. Athanassiou  Aris S. Chloridis  James E. Dripps 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):485-494

Contact toxicity of spinetoram was evaluated in laboratory bioassays on concrete, ceramic tile, galvanized steel, and plywood. The efficacy of spinetoram was assessed at dose rates of 0.025 mg (AI)/cm², 0.05 mg (AI)/cm², and 0.1 mg (AI)/cm² in two series of bioassays. The first series was conducted on concrete surfaces, with adults of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), S. granarius (L.), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens). The second series was conducted at the same dose rates on all surfaces against adults of R. dominica, S. oryzae, and T. confusum. An equal number of dishes with and without food were used in both bioassay series. Mortality was assessed daily for 7 days for T. confusum and after this interval all live adults were removed and transferred to untreated surfaces with food and held under the same conditions. After the first week of daily evaluation, delayed mortality was evaluated 7 days later. For all the other species, mortality was measured after 5 days of exposure. The results of the first series of bioassays showed that T. confusum was the least susceptible to spinetoram-treated concrete surfaces. In contrast, all the other species were found susceptible, regardless of the dose and the presence of food. Regarding the comparison of different surfaces, our results illustrate that, with the exception of T. confusum, there were no significant differences among surfaces. The results of the present study indicate that spinetoram was effective against various species on several types of surfaces, and the presence of food did not influence its efficacy in most cases.  相似文献   

Application of Trichoderma harzianum in the control of basal stem rot of oil palms          下载免费PDF全文

Abdullah F　 Ilias G N M 《浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2004,30(4):391-391

The palm, Elaeis guineensis, has its origins in Africa but is planted on a commercial basis in several countries Statistics for 2002 showed that in the lead for land mass under oil palm cultivation is Indonesia, at 3,769,000 ha, followed by Malaysia at 3,376,000 ha; however, the world‘s leading  相似文献   

Scrotal Flap for Closure of Perineal Skin Defects in Dogs     

Virginia A. Grigoropoulou DVM  Nikitas N. Prassinos DVM  PhD  Lysimachos G. Papazoglou DVM  PhD  Apostolos D. Galatos DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVAA  Aris F. Pourlis DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(2):186-191

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Impact of variety and farming practices on growth,yield, weed flora and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in faba bean cultivated for fresh seed production     

Georgia Ntatsi  Anestis Karkanis  Dionisios Yfantopoulos  Margit Olle  Ilias Travlos  Ricos Thanopoulos 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(7):619-630

The main objective of this study was to investigate the performance of faba bean landraces originating from different regions of Greece under both organic and conventional farming systems focusing mainly on yield, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and competitiveness to weeds. Faba bean exhibited a high ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, as indicated by the percentage of N₂ derived from the atmosphere which exceeded 75% in all evaluated varieties, and the total amount of biologically fixed N up to full anthesis, which fluctuated from 118.5 to 193.9?kg?ha^?1 in the various cropping systems and cultivars. The weed density was appreciably higher in the organic plots, without significant differences among the faba bean cultivars, while wild mustard and corn poppy were the most competitive weeds. The application of inorganic starter fertiliser in the conventionally-treated plots had no negative effect on biologically-fixed nitrogen by faba bean plants, while the herbicide pendimethalin had no negative impact on the nodulation process. Protein concentrations in faba bean cultivars fluctuated from 27.3% to 31.4%. The evaluated landraces could be utilised in breeding programmes due to their earliness, and their high performance in terms of protein content, BNF ability, and productivity.  相似文献   

Competitive interactions of fifty barley cultivars with Avena sterilis and Asperugo procumbens     

Kico Dhima  Ioannis Vasilakoglou  Thomas Gatsis  Ilias Eleftherohorinos 《Field Crops Research》2010

A 2-year study was conducted in northern Greece to assess the ability of 29 six-row and 21 two-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars to compete with winter wild oat [Avena sterilis spp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gill & Magne] and German-madwort (Asperugo procumbens L.). The fresh weight of both weeds grown in competition with six of the most competitive six-row barley cultivars (Bulk Resist. Desc-Sutter, Lignee 640, Paico's, Mantnan's-EH 165, Pistacho and Malebo) was reduced by 61–75% compared with one of the least competitive six-row cultivars [Gloria's-Copal's (30B-4Y-20M)]. The corresponding fresh weight reduction of both weeds grown in competition with three of the most competitive two-row barley cultivars (Goldmarker, Shanon and Helena) ranged from 59 to 76% compared with one of the least competitive two-row cultivars (Guanajuato). The ability to withstand competition (AWC) from winter wild oat and German-madwort of the six-row and two-row cultivars ranged from 33.7 to 78.3% and 26.7 to 69.2%, respectively. Representative yield losses ranged from 24 to 68% and 30 to 75%, respectively. The corresponding ability to compete (AC) indices ranged from 22.5 to 64.8% and 21.1 to 59.1%. The results of this study indicated that the barley cultivars Ligne 640 and Pistacho (2B-1Y-1B) had high AWC from winter wild oat and German-madwort and provided high grain yield in both weedy and weed-free conditions. Consequently, they could successfully be used in Mediterranean organic (no herbicide use) and conventional agricultural systems with reduced herbicide use. Barley cultivars with high AC and ability to produce high grain yield under weedy conditions [with Bulk Resist. Desc-Sutter, Arupo's and Gloria's-Copal's (30B-4Y-23M) among the most efficient] could also successfully be used in organic fields infected by the two weeds.  相似文献   

Environmental parameters affecting the species diversity along the Aliakmon River, North Greece     

Ilias IF  Lakis C  Papazafeiriou AZ 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(6):862-868

The annual distribution of aquatic and coastal macrophytes in five selected sites along the Aliakmon River was studied from January 2005 to December 2005 in Northern Greece. Soil and water chemical parameters in these sites were also evaluated. A total of 75 taxa were recorded belonging to 37 families and 53 genera. The majority of the macrophytes belonged to coastal plants (76%), whereas the rest of the macrophytes belonged to aquatic plants (24%). Species of the family Asteraceae were dominant among coastal plants, whereas species of the family Potamogetonaceae were dominant among aquatic plants. Soil samples from the site of Dam of Veria had higher pH and electric conductivity (80-100 cm depth), whereas CaCO3 contents were significantly higher in soil samples from the area of P. Prodromos (60-80 cm depth). Most physicochemical water parameters as well as selected soil nutrients and major ionic components showed an increase during the low charge period (fall) compared to with the high charge period (spring), especially in parameters associated with agricultural activity. Furthermore, there was an increase in most examined values moving towards the delta of the river.  相似文献   

Responses of invasive silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) populations to varying soil water availability     

Ilias S. Travlos 《Phytoparasitica》2013,41(1):41-48

Aspects of the invasive potential of the noxious weed silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.) were studied. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in order to assess several growth, production and fecundity traits of three silverleaf nightshade populations under differing levels of water availability and to correlate them with the invasive potential of each genotype. Our results showed that water availability certainly improves growth and fecundity of this serious invasive species. In ideal conditions, S. elaeagnifoilum shows a massive seed production which clearly promotes its invasiveness. However, the three populations show different phenotypic plasticity, which could explain their different adaptation and invasiveness in habitats with different water availability. Under low water availability, plants of the Etoloakarnania (ET) population allocate more than half of their total biomass to their roots (high R/S ratio), which serve as an important reproductive organ, while they maintain a relatively high seed production. These differences in phenotypic plasticity between weed populations mean that some of them (such as ET) would be more efficient in coping with changing water availability than others and therefore should be managed on high priority.  相似文献