The relationship between the prevalence of uterine lesions and the use of medroxyprogesterone acetate for canine population control     

AG VON BERKY  WL TOWNSEND† 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(7):249-250

SUMMARY The prevalence of uterine disease was established during desexing of 175 bitches in the Torres Strait and Cape York, 42 of which had been treated with injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for oestrus postponement. The prevalence of uterine lesions was 45% for treated bitches, 5% for untreated bitches, and 14.9% for the sample population. A highly significant relationship (P<0.01) between MPA treatment and uterine lesions was established. A significant association (P<0.05) between age (>2 years old) and uterine lesions was found, most likely attributable to a significantly higher proportion (P<0.01) of MPA-treated bitches in the older population. There was no significant difference in the effect of MPA on the prevalence of uterine lesions between older and younger bitches. There was no effect of parity on the prevalence of uterine lesions.  相似文献   

Assessment of Progesterone Concentration Using Enzymeimmunoassay, for Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Sheep and Goats     

CM Boscos  FC Samartzi  AG Lymberopoulos  A Stefanakis  S Belibasaki 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(3):170-174

The objective of this study was to determine a value of serum progesterone (P₄) concentration, assessed using an enzymeimmunoassay (EIA), for the early distinction between pregnant and non‐pregnant ewes and goats. Adult, non‐lactating ewes of Chios (n=53), Berrichon (n=30) and Sfakia (n=45) breeds were synchronized during the breeding season with progestagens and gonadotrophins and mated to fertile rams (Experiment I). Adult, lactating goats of Swiss breeds (Alpine and Saanen, n=104) and indigenous Greek breed (n=45) were synchronized during the transitional season with progestagens, PGF₂α and gonadotrophins. Cervical artificial insemination (AI) with fresh semen was applied once, 42–44 h after sponge removal (Experiment II). Jugular blood samples were collected on day 19 after sponge removal (ewes) or on day 21 after AI (goats) and serum P₄ concentration was determined by EIA. Progesterone concentrations ≥1.0, ≥1.5, ≥2.5 and ≥4.0 ng/ml were tested as indicative of pregnancy. Pregnancy diagnosis was verified on birth. In the case of sheep, using a discriminatory level of 2.5 ng/ml, overall accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis was 91.4% and predictive value of negative and positive diagnoses were 98.3 and 85.3%, respectively. In the case of goats, predictive value of negative diagnosis was 95.8 and 94.0% and predictive value of positive diagnosis 71.3 and 71.7%, for 1.5 and 2.5 ng/ml, respectively; overall accuracy was 79.2% using either level. The other discriminatory levels tested did not improve these results. A significant positive correlation was observed between P₄ concentration and the number of lambs or kids born, and further analysis indicated that this relationship is not a simple linear function. Based on the results of this study, P₄ concentrations of 2.5 ng/ml in the case of ewes and 1.5–2.5 ng/ml in the case of goats, determined with EIA, are proposed as discriminatory levels between pregnant and non‐pregnant animals, at an interval of one oestrous cycle after service.  相似文献   

Disseminated Mortierella wolfii infection in a neonatal calf     

JS Munday  AG Wolfe  KE Lawrence  SK Pandey 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1):62-63

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Differences in potato development (Solanum tuberosum cv. Maris Piper) in zero and conventional traffic treatments are related to soil physical conditions and radiation interception     

I.M. Young  A.G. Bengough  C.J. Mackenzie  J.W. Dickson 《Soil & Tillage Research》1993,26(4):341-359

Penetration resistance, potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Maris Piper) root, tuber, and top growth, and leaf nutrient concentrations were compared between a conventional traffic (CTr) and a zero traffic (ZTr) treatment. Plants grown under ZTr had a 19.4% greater yield (P < 0.001), and throughout the growing season leaf area, stem dry weight, stolon and tuber dry weight, were consistently greater for ZTr plants. On three occasions during the growing season penetration resistance was greater in CTr furrow subsoil than in ZTr furrow subsoil, as a result of the drier conditions in CTr soil. ZTr soil in the ridge had greater air-filled porosities throughout the growing season, although between mid-May and mid-July the furrow subsoil of both ZTr and CTr were at or near saturation. Although no significant differences in root distribution of plants were observed between treatments, all roots growing within the subsoil were elongating in cracks and biopores. Determination of radiation interception values from leaf area and radiation data, showed that between 5 July and 20 August ZTr plants were intercepting 5% more radiation (P < 0.01) than CTr plants. No differences in light conversion coefficients were observed for plants in either traffic treatment. The observed yield differences are linked primarily to the differences in radiation interception between the two treatments.  相似文献   

Effect of Ram Age on Structural and Functional Competence of Frozen–Thawed Spermatozoa in Dairy Sheep     

AG Lymberopoulos  IA Tsakmakidis  TAA Khalifa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):572-578

The objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of ram age on structural and functional competence of frozen–thawed spermatozoa and to test the hypothesis that increasing number of sperm bound to the zona pellucida in vitro was associated with decreasing in vivo fertility of frozen semen. Rams were allocated into two groups. Each group consisted of five rams aged either 1–2 years (young) or 4–5 years (mature). Three successive ejaculates were collected from each ram using an artificial vagina. Only ejaculates of ≥ 2.5 × 10⁹ sperm/ml and 80% sperm progressive motility were pooled per ram, diluted with Bioxcell^® medium and frozen in 0.25 ml straws. The end points of post‐thawing semen evaluation were computer‐assisted cell motility analysis, sperm capacitation (chlortetracycline assay), simultaneous assessment of plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and condensation status of nucleus, per‐cell analysis of lipid peroxidation using C11‐BODIPY^581/591, sperm‐hemizona binding (HZB) ability and sperm fertility after laparoscopic insemination of ewes (n = 114) in the progestagen‐synchronized oestrus. The results showed that mature rams had significantly lower values of sperm hyperactivated motility and peroxidized sperm, higher percentages of live non‐capacitated sperm and sperm cells with intact plasma membrane, functional mitochondria and condensed chromatin, as well as, greater lambing rate and ewe prolificacy. Sperm HZB binding ability was higher (p < 0.05) for young than for mature rams. Significant correlations were found between number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida and semen fertility (r = ?0.63 to ?0.71). In conclusion, mature rams have better semen quality and in vivo fertility than young rams. Cryocapacitation can be involved in decreasing ram semen fertility as evidenced by the high number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida in vitro.  相似文献   

Rhodococcus equi infection in goats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MJ CARRIGAN  IJ LINKS  AG MORTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(10):331-332

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Hardsetting and structural regeneration in two unstable British sandy loams and their influence on crop growth     

I.M. Young  C.E. Mullins  P.A. Costigan  A.G. Bengough   《Soil & Tillage Research》1991,19(4):383-394

Soil bulk density, penetration resistance, and cabbage shoot and root growth were compared on two structurally unstable sandy loams. Both soils slumped after mouldboard ploughing but in one, structural regeneration occurred, roots grew down cracks and had penetrated below 0.5 m at 5 weeks after transplanting. No structural regeneration occurred in the other soil which shrank uniaxially and set hard. This increased resistance to cone penetration sufficiently to retard root growth severely. Roots penetrated no deeper than 0.3 m in the same period. At 5 weeks, cabbages were almost twice as heavy on the better than on the worse soil but this difference disappeared by harvest. The reasons why the soils behaved differently is linked to the differences in organic matter content and the periods of time that each soil has been under cultivation.  相似文献   

Fullerene pipes   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

J Liu  AG Rinzler  H Dai  JH Hafner  RK Bradley  PJ Boul  A Lu  T Iverson  K Shelimov  CB Huffman  F Rodriguez-Macias  YS Shon  TR Lee  DT Colbert  RE Smalley 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5367):1253-1256

Single-wall fullerene nanotubes were converted from nearly endless, highly tangled ropes into short, open-ended pipes that behave as individual macromolecules. Raw nanotube material was purified in large batches, and the ropes were cut into 100- to 300-nanometer lengths. The resulting pieces formed a stable colloidal suspension in water with the help of surfactants. These suspensions permit a variety of manipulations, such as sorting by length, derivatization, and tethering to gold surfaces.  相似文献   

The Solar Acoustic Spectrum and Eigenmode Parameters     

F Hill  PB Stark  RT Stebbins  ER Anderson  HM Antia  TM Brown  TL Duvall  DA Haber  JW Harvey  DH Hathaway  R Howe  RP Hubbard  HP Jones  JR Kennedy  SG Korzennik  AG Kosovichev  JW Leibacher  KG Libbrecht  JA Pintar  EJ Rhodes  J Schou  MJ Thompson  S Tomczyk  CG Toner  R Toussaint  WE Williams 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5266):1292-1296

The Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) project estimates the frequencies, amplitudes, and linewidths of more than 250,000 acoustic resonances of the sun from data sets lasting 36 days. The frequency resolution of a single data set is 0.321 microhertz. For frequencies averaged over the azimuthal order m, the median formal error is 0.044 microhertz, and the associated median fractional error is 1.6 x 10(-5). For a 3-year data set, the fractional error is expected to be 3 x 10(-6). The GONG m-averaged frequency measurements differ from other helioseismic data sets by 0.03 to 0.08 microhertz. The differences arise from a combination of systematic errors, random errors, and possible changes in solar structure.  相似文献