Introgression of a gene restoring fertility to CMS (Trachystoma) Brassica juncea and the genetics of restoration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. B. Kirti    A. Baldev    K. Gaikwad    S. R. Bhat    V. Dinesh  Kumar  S. Prakash  V. L. Chopra 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(3):259-262

A dominant gene restoring fertility to a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line of Brassica juncea was derived from the somatic hybrid Trachystoma ballii+B. juncea. Its introgression resulted from forced pairing between chromosomes of the cultivar ‘Pusa Bold’ and chromosomes of the fusion hybrid. Segregation ratios of this fertility restorer gene followed a monogenic pattern. The introgression of the fertility restorer gene did not cause any abnormalities, such as reduced fertility; pollen and seed fertilities of the restored plants were over 90%. Restored fertile and CMS plants exhibited similar Southern hybridization patterns when probed with the mitochondrial probe atp6.  相似文献   

Aneuploid analysis for protein content and tyrosinase activity in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.)     

S. R. Bhat  J. V. Goud 《Euphytica》1978,27(3):805-810

Summary A study was conducted to locate the genes responsible for the determination of kernel protein content and tyrosinase activity in a hexaploid wheat variety UP 301 using Pb. C591 monosomic series. Genes located on chromosomes 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 3D and 7D of UP 301 controlled protein content of UP 301. Of these the B genome chromosomes were found to have genes for increased protein content while the D genome chromosomes were found to carry genes for low protein content. A major gene coding for tyrosinase enzyme was detected on chromosome 6B of UP 301 and a modifier on chromosome 5B. This indicated the possibility of improving these quality characters through chromosome manipulation.  相似文献   

Brassica coenospecies: a rich reservoir for genetic resistance to leaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicae     

Girish Sharma  V. Dinesh Kumar  A. Haque  S.R. Bhat  Shyam Prakash  V.L. Chopra 《Euphytica》2002,125(3):411-417

Development of leaf spot resistant mustard cultivars is a relevant objective in view of heavy crop losses caused by this pathogen. Thirty-eight species belonging to 9 genera, including cultivated and wild allies, of the genus Brassica were evaluated under epiphytotic conditions for two years. Inoculations were done on whole plants (in vivo) and on detached leaves (in vitro). Data on incubation period, number of lesions per leaf, lesion size and leaf area covered by lesions were recorded. Species which never produced disease symptoms throughout the growing period in pots and until 72 hours after inoculation in detached leaf assays during both years were treated as resistant, while those that produced symptoms were classified as moderately resistant, susceptible or highly susceptible depending upon incubation period, size of lesions and leaf area covered by disease symptoms. Eight species (Brassica desnottesii, Camelina sativa, Coincya pseuderucastrum, Diplotaxis berthautii, D. catholica, D. cretacea, D. erucoides, and Erucastrum gallicum) were found completely resistant, whereas others were classified as moderately resistant (12), susceptible (11) or highly susceptible (9). Since resistance is unavailable within the cultivated species, these 8 resistant wild species could be used as donor parents for introgressing resistance to leaf spot disease in Indian mustard. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Laboratory evaluation of interception and translocation factors of 59Fe and 60Co in Indian spinach     

R. K. Singhal  U. Narayanan  I. S. Bhat 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,78(1-2):91-102

Interception and translocation factors for some of the important activation products like ⁵⁴Mn, ⁵⁹Fe and ⁶⁰Co are of use in hazard evaluation of atmospheric contamination from accidental releases. Deposition on leafy vegetables which are consumed fresh is one of the important pathways of radionuclides reaching man. In the work reported here results of laboratory scale investigation on interception and translocation of ⁵⁹Fe and ⁶⁰Co by spinach plants are discussed. The interception factors obtained for ⁵⁹Fe and ⁶⁰Co are, respectively, 0.51 and 0.06 m³ kg^?1. ⁶⁰Co is found more mobile than ⁵⁹Fe even through the latter translocates from surface quickly and to a greater extent.  相似文献   

Random amplified polymorphic DNA and genetic diversity in IndianMusa germplasm     

K. V. Bhat  R. L. Jarret 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(2):107-118

Summary Fifty-seven accessions ofMusa including cultivated clones of 6 genomic groups (AA, AB, AAA, AAB, ABB, ABBB),M. balbisiana Colla (BB),M. acuminata Colla ssp.banksii F. Muell. (AA),M. acuminata Colla ssp.malaccensis Ridl. (AA) andM. velutina Wendl. & Drude were examined for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic markers using PCR with sixty 10-mer random primers. Forty-nine of 60 tested primers gave reproducible DNA amplification patterns. The number of bands resolved per amplification was primer dependent and varied from 1 to a maximum of 24. The size range of the amplification products also differed with the selected primer sequence/genotype and ranged from 0.29 to 3.0 kb. RAPD data were used to generate Jaccard's similarity coefficients which were analyzed phenetically. Phenetic analysis separated clones into distinct groupings that were in agreement with clusterings revealed when data were subsequently analyzed by principal coordinate analysis (PCO). In both the phenetic and the PCO analyses, previously unclassified cultivars grouped with cultivars previously classified for their genomic group based on morphological keys. The implications of RAPD analysis forMusa germplasm classification, clonal identification, and management are discussed.  相似文献   

Nitrogen and phosphorus transformations as affected by crop residue management practices and their influence on crop yield   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

V. Beri  B.S. Sidhu  G.S. Bahl  A.K. Bhat 《Soil Use and Management》1995,11(2):51-54

Abstract. A 15-year field experiment investigated crop residue management practices, with crop residue removal, burning and incorporation as the main treatments and nitrogen levels as subtreatments. The effects of crop residue management practices on rice and wheat yield were measured for 11 years. Surface soil samples were taken to study nitrogen and phosphorus immobilization/adsorption and their release under laboratory conditions. The field experiment indicated that residue burning and residue removal resulted in greater grain yields of rice (5.57 and 5.53 t/ha, respectively) and wheat (4.12 and 4.02 t/ha, respectively) than residue incorporation (4.51 t/ha rice and 3.72 t/ha wheat). Laboratory experiments indicated that by the addition of crop residues nitrogen and phosphorus were converted to unavailable forms through immobilization and adsorption, respectively.
Crop residue management practices were discontinued after 13 years and wheat and maize crops were grown in sequence. There were significantly greater yields of wheat (3.57 t/ha in 1992–93 and 3.6 t/ha in 1993–94) and of maize (2.1 t/ha in 1993) in plots where the residues had previously been incorporated than where the residues were previously either removed or burned. This is attributed to release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the incorporated residues.  相似文献   

Analysis of genetic diversity in Indian taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers     

S. Lakhanpaul  K.C. Velayudhan  K.V. Bhat 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(6):603-609

Taro [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott] germplasm accessions collected from different parts of India were subjected to RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis to assess the genetic diversity prevalent and also to test the genetic basis of morphotypic classification. Thirteen random decamer primers out of the 22 tested were used to analyse 32 taro accessions belonging to 28 morphotypes. Three out of these thirteen primers analysed showed 100 per cent polymorphism. Per cent polymorphism varied from 60 to 100 among the polymorphic primers. High genetic diversity was revealed as the similarity coefficient values ranged from 0.50 to 0.98. No two accessions analysed in the present study showed a similarity coefficient value of one thereby indicating their distinctness and presence of high genetic diversity in Indian taro germplasm. Dendrogram obtained from UPGMA analysis grouped 32 accessions in four clusters and three accessions were placed as outliers. Clustering pattern did not show any strict relationship with geographical distribution, morphotype classification and genotypic diversity. Further, accessions classified, as belonging to the same morphotypic group did not always cluster together. Presence of a very close genepool of the wild, weedy and cultivated forms with extreme levels of phenotypic and genotypic variation is suggested as the reason for high genetic diversity reported. Usefulness of DNA markers such as RAPD in characterising and assessing the genetic diversity in Indian taro germplasm is hereby demonstrated.  相似文献   

An eccentric binary millisecond pulsar in the galactic plane     

Champion DJ  Ransom SM  Lazarus P  Camilo F  Bassa C  Kaspi VM  Nice DJ  Freire PC  Stairs IH  van Leeuwen J  Stappers BW  Cordes JM  Hessels JW  Lorimer DR  Arzoumanian Z  Backer DC  Bhat ND  Chatterjee S  Cognard I  Deneva JS  Faucher-Giguère CA  Gaensler BM  Han J  Jenet FA  Kasian L  Kondratiev VI  Kramer M  Lazio J  McLaughlin MA  Venkataraman A  Vlemmings W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5881):1309-1312

Binary pulsar systems are superb probes of stellar and binary evolution and the physics of extreme environments. In a survey with the Arecibo telescope, we have found PSR J1903+0327, a radio pulsar with a rotational period of 2.15 milliseconds in a highly eccentric (e = 0.44) 95-day orbit around a solar mass (M(middle dot in circle)) companion. Infrared observations identify a possible main-sequence companion star. Conventional binary stellar evolution models predict neither large orbital eccentricities nor main-sequence companions around millisecond pulsars. Alternative formation scenarios involve recycling a neutron star in a globular cluster, then ejecting it into the Galactic disk, or membership in a hierarchical triple system. A relativistic analysis of timing observations of the pulsar finds its mass to be 1.74 +/- 0.04 M solar symbol, an unusually high value.  相似文献   

An efficient <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agrobacterium</Emphasis>-mediated transformation protocol for black pepper (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Piper nigrum</Emphasis> L.) using embryogenic mass as explant     

Jiby Mary Varghese  Alangar Ishwara Bhat 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(4):247-254

A protocol was developed for an efficient Agrobactertium-mediated transformation of black pepper plants through somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic mass derived from primary somatic embryos that were obtained from the micropylar region of mature germinating seeds of black pepper was found to be the ideal target tissue for transformation. Genetic fidelity test of embryogenic mass-derived plantlets by RAPD using 23 random primers revealed no genetic variation among the progenies and the parent plant. Among the antibiotics used for selection of transformants, cefotaxime at 100 μg mL⁻¹ was found to be optimum to control Agrobacterium besides its ability to promote somatic embryo proliferation. In the case of kanamycin, a step-wise increase in concentration from 25 to 50 and then to 100 μg mL⁻¹ were found to be optimum. Embryogenic mass co-cultivated with Agrobacterium carrying the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene were cultured on plant growth regulator-free Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium and transformants were selected in selection medium containing cefotaxime and step-wise increase in kanamycin concentration. The transient GUS gene expression was determined histochemically. Transformants that survived in the selection medium were hardened in the greenhouse. An average of nine hardened putative plantlets was obtained per gram of embryogenic mass. The presence of transgene in these plantlets was assayed by PCR, dot blot, and Southern blot hybridization. Results presented demonstrated for the first time an efficient transformation and regeneration of black pepper without the use of growth regulators. This simple efficient procedure would allow transformation of black pepper with genes of desirable characters.  相似文献   

Testing newly introduced ornamental plants to the arid climate of Kuwait     

MK Suleiman  NR Bhat  MS Abdal  RR Bellen 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4):469-479

Thirty five ornamental plants were introduced into the Ahmadi Bioremediated Soil Park to screen and closely monitor the growth performance of these new introductions under the local environmental conditions. Out of these 35 plant species, 15 were planted in both bioremediated and agricultural soils to assess their suitability for growing in bioremediated soils. Data on vegetative growth was recorded to assess the performance of newly-introduced plants, whereas, the heat stress was documented of Bauhinia blakeana, where no visible effects of petroleum pollutants on plant growth were observed. Performance of each plant group is discussed separately in the text. Overall, plant survival was 72.73% for all plant groups. Generally, plants that failed to grow in bioremediated soil also did not survive in the agricultural soil, indicating that they were sensitive to heat stress more than the presence of petroleum contaminants in the soil. New plant species that were able to establish and perform satisfactorily will be used in greenery projects after they are fully naturalized to the prevailing climatic conditions.  相似文献