Effects of diet restriction on life span and age-related changes in dogs   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Kealy RD  Lawler DF  Ballam JM  Mantz SL  Biery DN  Greeley EH  Lust G  Segre M  Smith GK  Stowe HD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(9):1315-1320

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 25% diet restriction on life span of dogs and on markers of aging. DESIGN: Paired feeding study. ANIMALS: 48 Labrador Retrievers. PROCEDURES: Dogs were paired, and 1 dog in each pair was fed 25% less food than its pair-mate from 8 weeks of age until death. Serum biochemical analyses were performed, body condition was scored, and body composition was measured annually until 12 years of age. Age at onset of chronic disease and median (age when 50% of the dogs were deceased) and maximum (age when 90% of the dogs were deceased) life spans were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with control dogs, food-restricted dogs weighed less and had lower body fat content and lower serum triglycerides, triiodothyronine, insulin, and glucose concentrations. Median life span was significantly longer for dogs in which food was restricted. The onset of clinical signs of chronic disease generally was delayed for food-restricted dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that 25% restriction in food intake increased median life span and delayed the onset of signs of chronic disease in these dogs.  相似文献   

Cellular nucleic acids in serum and plasma as new diagnostic tools     

Brenig B  Schütz E  Urnovitz H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,115(3-4):122-124

Currently, the diagnosis of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is only possible in the brain stem of dead animals. Protease resistant prions are detected in the obex region of the brain stem. However, from a veterinary medical and agricultural point of view the development of an in vivo detection assay is of utmost importance. Because infectious prions are detectable relatively late in the central nervous system during an infection, efforts are made searching for surrogate markers. Besides neuronal proteins that are released into the liquor and blood during neurodegenerative processes or other neuronal diseases, cellular nucleic acids circulating in the plasma or serum are an absolutely new approach for the detection of infectious diseases.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Displaced avulsion fracture of the basisphenoid-basioccipital bone     

Alexander K  Baird JD  Dobson H  Parsons DA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(3):297-298

  相似文献   

A low-selenium diet increases thyroxine and decreases 3,5,3'triiodothyronine in the plasma of kittens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yu S  Howard KA  Wedekind KJ  Morris JG  Rogers QR 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2002,86(1-2):36-41

The effect of a low-selenium diet on thyroid hormone metabolism was investigated in growing kittens. Twelve specific-pathogen-free kittens with ages ranging from 16 to 18 weeks were divided into two groups of equal number with equal sex distribution in each group. One group was fed a yeast-based low-selenium diet (0.02 mg Se/kg diet) while the other group was fed the same diet supplemented with Na₂SeO₃ at 0.4 mg Se/kg diet for 8 weeks. Food intake, body weight and body weight gain were not affected by the low-Se diet during the study period. However, kittens given the low-Se diet had significantly reduced plasma selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity. Plasma total thyroxine (T4) increased and total 3,5,3'triiodothyronine (T3) decreased significantly in kittens fed the low-Se diet at the end of the study. These results suggest that type I deiodinase in cats is a selenoprotein- or a selenium-dependent enzyme.  相似文献   

Purulent pericarditis as a sequela to clostridial myositis in a horse     

May KA  Cheramie HS  Howard RD  Duesterdieck K  Moll HD  Pleasant RS  Pyle RL 《Equine veterinary journal》2002,34(6):636-640

  相似文献   

Association of high-speed exercise with racing injury in thoroughbreds   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Cohen ND  Berry SM  Peloso JG  Mundy GD  Howard IC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(8):1273-1278

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between high-speed exercise and risk of injury while racing among Thoroughbreds in Kentucky. DESIGN: Matched case-control study. ANIMALS: 206 Thoroughbreds that sustained a musculoskeletal injury while racing and 412 Thoroughbreds that were not injured during the same races. PROCEDURE: Data regarding official timed workouts and races and the Beyer's numbers for the 3 races before the race during which injury occurred were extracted from past performance charts and compared between injured horses and control horses. RESULTS: For injured horses, cumulative distance of high-speed exercise during the 1- and 2-month periods prior to the race in which injury occurred was significantly less than that of control horses; for either period, a difference of 10 furlongs was associated with approximately 2-fold greater risk of injury. Beyer's numbers were significantly higher for injured horses than for control horses. These effects remained significant after adjusting for age and results of prerace physical inspection. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In Kentucky, injured horses had significantly less cumulative high-speed exercise than did control horses during the 1- and 2-month periods prior to the race in which injury occurred. These results differ from those observed in California. The association of injury with cumulative high-speed exercise appears to vary among regions in the United States.  相似文献   

In vitro insecticidal effects of fipronil and beta-cyfluthrin on larvae of the blowfly Lucilia sericata     

Smith KE  Wall R  Howard JJ  Strong L  Marchiondo AA  Jeannin P 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,88(3-4):261-268

The insecticidal effects of the phenylpyrazole, fipronil, and a pyrethroid, beta-cyfluthrin, on larvae of the blowfly Lucilia sericata were determined in laboratory assays. When first stage larvae of L. sericata were reared on homogenized pig liver which had been treated with known amounts of test compounds, both fipronil and beta-cyfluthrin induced significant levels of mortality compared to acetone and water controls. However, fipronil was approximately 10 times more toxic than beta-cyfluthrin to L. sericata larvae following ingestion. Beta-cyfluthrin had little effect on mortality until concentrations of approximately 0.5 ppm were reached. In contrast, fipronil effected L. sericata mortality at a concentration of 0.05 ppm and 100% mortality was reached by 0.5 ppm. The lethal concentration (LC50) value for beta-cyfluthrin was 1.56 ppm as compared to 0.14 ppm for fipronil. Following contact of first and third stage larvae with cloth impregnated with known amounts of test compound, the mortality profiles of fipronil and beta-cyfluthrin were similar. At short contact times, the LC50 values for fipronil were lower than those for beta-cyfluthrin. However, at the highest contact time evaluated for the first stage larvae, 300 s, there was a reversal in this trend. The results suggest that the phenylpyrazole fipronil may represent a new potential insecticide for development against blowfly strike of sheep.  相似文献   

Objectives and Applications of a Statistical Environmental Stratification of Europe     

R. H. G. Jongman  R. G. H. Bunce  M. J. Metzger  C. A. Mücher  D. C. Howard  V. L. Mateus 《Landscape Ecology》2006,21(3):409-419

  相似文献   

Effects of herbicides and herbicide analogs on [¹⁴C]leucine incorporation by suspension-cultured Solanum nigrum cells     

M.A. Egli  D. Low  K.R. White  J.A. Howard 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,24(1):112-118

Assays of [¹⁴C]leucine incorporation were used to measure effects of herbicides on suspensioncultured heterotrophic Solanum nigrum cells. Most herbicidal vs. nonherbicidal chemicals in a set of 47 compounds could be distinguished from each other based on their extent of inhibition of leucine incorporation by S. nigrum cells. Herbicides which failed to inhibit leucine incorporation were photosynthetic inhibitors. Both phytotoxic and nonphytotoxic thiocarbamate analogs (as determined by whole-plant studies) tended to inhibit leucine incorporation. It was concluded that the leucine incorporation screen could detect a majority of compounds tested which are herbicidal, and that it may also be useful to detect compounds which have cellular toxicity which is not observed in the whole plant.  相似文献   

Luteoma in two mares treated by ovariectomy     

E. Combs  T. Beachler  J. R. Troy  A. Olds-Sanchez  J. M. Howard  A. Fales-Williams  M. Yaeger  D. M. Tatarniuk 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(8):e318-e322

A 15-year-old Paint mare (Case 1) and a 15-year-old Arabian mare (Case 2) were presented for aggressive and undesired behaviour. Reproductive evaluation revealed, initially, an enlarged ovary with a smaller/normal sized contralateral ovary in each case. Granulosa cell tumour (GCT) panel testing revealed elevated inhibin B in both cases and elevated anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels only in Case 1 determined from currently established reference ranges. Based on a presumptive diagnosis of GCT, bilateral standing ovariectomy was elected for both mares. In each case neoplastic tissue consistent with luteoma was detected only on histological examination in the smaller/normal sized left ovary; the right ovary appearing normal. Long-term follow-up was performed 1 year and 5 years post-operatively by telephone. The owners were satisfied with the outcome and each patient demonstrated resolution of aggressive stallion-like behaviour. Each case returned to the owners' intended use. In conclusion, luteoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis for ovarian neoplasms in horses related to behavioural abnormalities, even in normal-sized ovaries.  相似文献