Amelioration of Sodic Soil for Wheat Cultivation Using Bioaugmented Organic Soil Amendment     

Pankaj Kumar Srivastava  Manjul Gupta  Shikha  Nandita Singh  Shri Krishna Tewari 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(4):1245-1254

A novel bioaugmented organic amendment (SF_OA) [consisted of vermicompost (pre‐enriched with plant growth promoting fungi) mixed with pressmud and Azadirachta indica (A. Juss.) seed cake] was developed to reclaim sodic soil and support wheat production. A field trial of the SF_OA application with/without chemical fertilizers conducted in completely randomized design with four replications to compare growth, yield and seed protein contents of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on sodic soil. The favourable changes occurred in different properties of amended soils were studied. A combined application of chemical fertilizer and SF_OA significantly (p < 0·05) increased the number of spikelet per plant (63%) and weight of grains per ear (65%) in the amended soil compared with the control. Likewise, the grain yield, weight of 1000 grains and seed protein contents of wheat were significantly (p < 0·05) increased in the combined application compared with other treatments. The expression of protein bands with molecular weights of 36, 52 and 66 kDa were higher in seeds of wheat under the combined treatment. The improvement in wheat production was attributed to significant favourable changes in different soil characteristics such as bulk density, total organic C, alkaline phosphatase, β‐glucosidase, dehydrogenase and cellulase activities that were increased by 234%, 181%, 234%, 176%, 189% and 150%, respectively, in case of amended soil under the combined treatment compared with the control. The tested SF_OA may be recommended as soil amendment for reclaiming sodic soil and supporting wheat cultivation with better crop growth and yield in combination with chemical fertilizers on sodic soil. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Candida rugosa lipase LIP1-catalyzed transesterification to produce human milk fat substitute     

Srivastava A  Akoh CC  Chang SW  Lee GC  Shaw JF 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(14):5175-5181

Structured lipids (SLs) containing palmitic and oleic acids were synthesized by transesterification of tripalmitin with either oleic acid or methyl oleate as acyl donor. This SL with palmitic acid at the sn-2 position and oleic acid at sn-1,3 positions is similar in structure to human milk fat triacylglycerol. LIP1, an isoform of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), was used as biocatalyst. The effects of reaction temperature, substrate molar ratio, and time on incorporation of oleic acid were investigated. Reaction time and temperature were set at 6, 12, and 24 h, and 35, 45, and 55 degrees C, respectively. Substrate molar ratio was varied from 1:1 to 1:4. The highest incorporation of oleic acid (37.7%) was at 45 degrees C with methyl oleate as acyl donor. Oleic acid resulted in slightly lesser (26.3%) incorporation. Generally, higher percentage incorporation of oleic acid was observed with methyl oleate (transesterification) than with oleic acid (acidolysis). In both cases percentage incorporation increased with reaction time. Incorporation decreased with increase in temperature above 45 degrees C. Initially, oleic acid incorporation increased with increase in substrate molar ratio up to 1:3. LIP1 was also compared with Lipozyme RM IM as biocatalysts. The tested reaction parameters were selected on the basis of maximum incorporation of C18:1 obtained during optimization of LIP1 reaction conditions. Reaction temperature was maintained at 45, 55, and 65 degrees C. Lipozyme RM IM gave highest oleic acid incorporation (49.4%) at 65 degrees C with methyl oleate as acyl donor. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed for both enzymes. SL prepared using Lipozyme RM IM may be more suitable for possible use in human milk fat substitutes.  相似文献   

Identification of dominant and recessive genes for resistance to Fusarium wilt in pigeonpea and their implication in breeding hybrids     

K. B. Saxena  R. V. Kumar  R. K. Saxena  M. Sharma  R. K. Srivastava  R. Sultana  R. K. Varshney  M. I. Vales  S. Pande 《Euphytica》2012,188(2):221-227

Fusarium wilt is an important disease of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] and it can cause severe yield losses. Chemical control of this disease is difficult and expensive; therefore, cultivation of resistant varieties/hybrids is the most efficient strategy for enhancing the production. In the present study, by using a wilt susceptible cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterile line and four wilt resistant fertility restorers, one dominant and one recessive gene with dominant suppressive epistatic effects were found responsible for controlling resistance to Fusarium wilt. Considering the annual losses and wide spread nature of wilt diseases in pigeonpea, it is imperative that all the inbred and hybrid cultivars have high level of resistance to this disease. The presence of dominant gene for resistance will increase the efficiency of breeding wilt resistant cultivars because it will yield greater proportion of resistant genotypes in segregating generations. In hybrid breeding also, the presence of dominant gene for wilt resistance will be an advantage. The transfer of this gene in female hybrid parents will ease the breeding of wilt resistant hybrids because this will allow the use of both wilt resistant as well as susceptible restorers in generating wilt resistant hybrid combinations.  相似文献   

Identification of a ''Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris''-related strain associated with spike disease of sandal (Santalum album) in India     

J. A. Khan  P. Srivastava  S. K. Singh 《Plant pathology》2006,55(4):572-572

  相似文献   

Evidence from nucleic acid hybridization tests for geminivirus infection of ornamental crotons in India     

S. K. Raj  K. M. Srivastava  B. P. Singh 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(2):201-203

Reduced growth of plants and excessive generalised and spotty yellowing of leaves occurred in ornamental crotons that were infected with a geminivirus, which was detected by spot hybridization tests using a cloned probe derived from DNA-A of acalypha yellow mosaic geminivirus. The croton virus was transmitted by the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci, toNicotiana tabacum andAcalypha indica, in which it caused leaf curl and yellow mosaic, respectively, but it was not transmitted to five other species. Infected crotons may therefore serve as reservoirs of a geminivirus that is able to infect a crop species.  相似文献   

Disposition kinetics,urinary excretion and dosage regimen of kanamycin in buffalo calves following single intravenous administration     

S. Rampal  A. K. Srivastava  R. K. Chaudhary 《Veterinary research communications》1993,17(3):219-225

The disposition kinetics and appropriate dosage regimen for kanamycin were investigated in buffalo calves following a single intravenous dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. The distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.12±0.01 h and 1.94±0.11 h, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were 0.2±0.01 L/kg and 92.9±3.69 ml/kg/h, respectively. About 74% of the administered dose was excreted in urine in 24 h. A suitable dosage regimen for the intravenous administration of kanamycin was also calculated.Abbreviation SEM standard error of the mean  相似文献   

Disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of sulfapyridine in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).     

A K Srivastava  S Rampal  R K Chaudhary 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1992,40(1-2):113-119

The disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of sulfapyridine were studied in buffalo calves following a single intravenous dose of 100 mg/kg. Distribution half-life (t1/2 alpha) elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) and Vd (area) was 0.181 +/- 0.008 h, 13.4 +/- 0.52 h and 0.59 +/- 0.03 L kg-1, respectively. Total body clearance, which represents the sum of all clearance processes, and tissue/plasma (T/P) ratio were calculated to be 31.1 +/- 2.28 ml kg-1 h-1 and 2.25 +/- 0.09, respectively. A satisfactory intravenous dosage regimen of sulfapyridine in buffalo would be 104 mg/kg followed by 75 mg/kg at 24 h intervals.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and amoxycillin in Bubalus bubalis following intramuscular administration     

H N Khanikor  A K Srivastava  B S Paul  J K Malik 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1986,34(3-4):225-230

  相似文献   

Lymphocyte stimulation response in horses against phytohaemagglutinin and M protein of Streptococcus equi using whole blood.          下载免费PDF全文

S K Srivastava  D A Barnum 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1982,46(1):51-56

Lymphocyte stimulation was observed in whole equine blood in the presence of phytohaemagglutinin and M protein extracted from a typical strain of Streptococcus equi. Blood samples were collected from several healthy horses and horse and pony foals and cultured in vitro with varying concentrations of phytohaemagglutinin and M protein for several days. Phytohaemagglutinin was found to induce lymphocyte stimulation in these animals. Highest mean stimulation indices in horse foals (49.3 +/- 24.4) and pony foals (54.7 +/- 32.0) were observed with 0.625 and 1.25 micrograms/mL phytohaemagglutinin, respectively, at either 72 or 96 hours of incubation. Significantly higher radioactive counts per minute in horse and pony foals were recorded in blood cultures incubated with 0.625 and 1.25 micrograms/mL phytohaemagglutinin. M protein induced a dose related stimulation response in adult horses. Maximum stimulation indices were observed against 125 micrograms/mL M protein at 96 hours. These stimulation indices were higher in adult horses (40.0 +/- 2.2) than observed in pony foals (14.4 +/- 15.7). Higher stimulation levels in adult horses indicated either nonspecific stimulation against M protein or previous exposure of these animals to S. equi.  相似文献   

Growth and reproduction in mandya ewes as affected by low and high levels of crude protein     

M L Chaturvedi  R K Srivastava 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(6):605-608

  相似文献