Full season efficacy of moxidectin microsphere sustained release formulation for the prevention of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in dogs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Genchi C  Rossi L  Cardini G  Kramer LH  Venco L  Casiraghi M  Genchi M  Agostini A 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,110(1-2):85-91

The authors report the efficacy of an injectable, moxidectin sustained release (SR) formulation for the prevention of canine heartworm infection in endemic areas in northern and central Italy. Three field trials were carried out on a total of 324 dogs. Two hundred forty-three dogs were treated with moxidectin SR 6 months apart and 81 dogs (positive controls) with moxidectin tablets given monthly for 5 consecutive months during the risk season each year throughout the study. Results of testing for microfilariae and circulating adult female antigens were negative for all the experimentally treated dogs at the 6, 7, 11 and 19 months after the last injection. No adverse reactions to moxidectin SR were observed but a moderate pain at palpation and swelling (5-6 cm) at the injection site after the first treatment. In the study areas, prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection calculated by testing dogs which had no preventive treatment in the previous transmission season ranged from 33 to 63%. This study confirms the efficacy and safety of injectable, moxidectin SR formulation in the prevention of heartworm infection in dogs and demonstrates that the prophylactic efficacy lasts for the full season and strongly suggests that the product gives 1-year protection.  相似文献   

The determination of coumaphos residues in honey by HPTLC with in-situ fluorimetry     

M. Barbina Taccheo  Mauro De Paoli  Claudio Spessotto 《Pest management science》1989,25(1):11-15

An HPTLC method for determining fluorimetrically the residues of coumaphos in honey samples is described. The active ingredient is solid phase extracted with a C-18 disposable column and determined densitometrically on HPTLC pre-coated silica plates. The method does not require additional clean-up steps, is extremely quick and can easily be adapted to routine determinations of a large number of samples. The determination limit is 0-01 mg kg^?1 and recoveries are above 87%.  相似文献   

Equine Diagnostic Laparoscopy     

Luis Claudio L.C. Silva DVM  MS  PhD  Andr L.V. Zoppa DVM  MS  PhD  Dean A. Hendrickson DVM  MS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2008,28(4):247-254

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Echinococcus ortleppi and E. granulosus G1, G2 and G3 genotypes in Italian bovines     

Casulli A  Manfredi MT  La Rosa G  Cerbo AR  Genchi C  Pozio E 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,155(1-2):168-172

To increase the knowledge on Echinococcus genotypes infesting cattle and water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) born and bred in Italy, the germinal layer of hydatid cysts was collected from the liver and the lungs of 80 animals slaughtered in 2007. Two mitochondrial genes (the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and the NADH subunit I) were tested by PCR. Four genotypes were identified: G1 (sheep strain), G2 (Tasmanian sheep strain), G3 (buffalo strain), and G5 (cattle strain). Fertile cysts were detected only in the lungs of 4.5% of the total G1 lung cysts, of 9.4% of the total G3 lung cysts, and in the only G5 infected animal. This is the first report of Echinococcus ortleppi (genotype G5) in Italy.  相似文献   

Identification of Polyphenolic Compounds in Edible Wild Fruits Grown in the North-West of Italy by Means of HPLC-DAD-ESI HRMS     

Zorzi  Michael  Gai  Francesco  Medana  Claudio  Aigotti  Riccardo  Peiretti  Pier Giorgio 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(3):420-426

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The popularity of edible wild fruits has increased in industrialized countries due to their composition and positive effects. The aim of this study has been to...  相似文献   

The role of floods and droughts on riverine ecosystems under a changing climate     

Piotr Parasiewicz  Elise L. King  J. Angus Webb  Miko&#x;aj Piniewski  Claudio Comoglio  Christian Wolter  Anthonie D. Buijse  David Bjerklie  Paolo Vezza  Andreas Melcher  Katarzyna Suska 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(6):461-473

Floods and droughts are key driving forces shaping aquatic ecosystems. Climate change may alter key attributes of these events and consequently health and distribution of aquatic species. Improved knowledge of biological responses to different types of floods and droughts in rivers should allow the better prediction of the ecological consequences of climate change‐induced flow alterations. This review highlights that in unmodified ecosystems, the intensity and direction of biological impacts of floods and droughts vary, but the overall consequence is an increase in biological diversity and ecosystem health. To predict the impact of climate change, metrics that allow the quantitative linking of physical disturbance attributes to the directions and intensities of biological impacts are needed. The link between habitat change and the character of biological response is provided by the frequency of occurrence of the river wave characteristic—that is the event's predictability. The severity of impacts of floods is largely related to the river wave amplitude (flood magnitude), while the impact of droughts is related to river wavelength (drought duration).  相似文献   

Distribution and phylogenetic analysis of the 3′UTR and coat protein gene of Iranian Beet black scorch virus     

Samiei  Asghar  Mehrvar  Mohsen  Ratti  Claudio  Zakiaghl  Mohammad 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(6):535-542

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Beet black scorch virus (BBSV) was surveyed in major sugar beet cultivation areas in Iran in 2008–2013 growing seasons. A total of 148 out of 308...  相似文献   

Vector analysis in the study of the nutritional status of Philodendron cultivated in compost-based media     

Marco Grigatti  Maria Eva Giorgioni  Luciano Cavani  Claudio Ciavatta 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Compost (CP) made from 70% ligno-cellulosic compounds and 30% sewage sludge was studied as a component of growing media in a 6-month Philodendron cultivation. CP's agronomic viability was evaluated via four plant-growth media containing 25–50–75–100% CP and white sphagnum peat (WP) in comparison to a commercial substrate with white and black peat. Plant nutrition conditions were investigated by determining macro- (TKN, P, K, Ca, Mg and micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Na) and heavy metals (Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb) in roots and shoot tissues. Data were compared by vector analysis against control. Even if no leaf injuries were visible after 6-months’ growth, a CP ratio of up to 50% caused growth depression of canopy tissues, as attested by the 37 and 36% reduction in total leaf dry weight and leaf area, respectively. Root growth decline was also notable at 25% CP, where 38% root dry weight reduction implied a significant increase (46%) in shoot–root dry weight ratio. The investigation on nutrient tissue content showed high accumulation of Ni, Fe, Cr, Zn, Cd, Mn, Mg and P in roots; Mg appeared related to K deficiency. Above-ground nutritional status showed a severe lack of P, Mg and Mn. Vector analysis suggests the sewage sludge CP in Philodendron pot cultivation produces many such effects like direct toxic action and antagonistic action, resulting in a general nutrient imbalance in plants.  相似文献   

Simazine dynamics in a vineyard soil at Casablanca valley, Chile     

Alister C  Lopez R  Kogan M 《Pest management science》2005,61(11):1083-1088

Field dissipation, soil movement and laboratory leaching studies were performed to elucidate the effect of two rainfall amounts in the behaviour and environmental fate of simazine under climatic conditions at Casablanca Valley, Chile. Dissipation and soil movement were studied in a field vineyard with a sandy loam soil (Inceptisol; 74.08% sand; 14.87% silt and 11.04% clay). Simazine was applied to bare soil at 2.0 kg AI ha(-1), and its concentration was measured using immunoassay (ELISA) at 0, 10, 20, 40 and 90 days after application under two rainfall amounts, natural field conditions (39 mm) and modified conditions (39 + 180 mm). Simazine leaching was studied using soil core PVC lysimeters (0.9 m height; 0.22 m diameter). Field dissipation data were adjusted with a bi-exponential model. Half-life (DT(50)) values varied between 31.3 (+/-2.5) and 19.0 (+/-4.2) days under natural and modified conditions, respectively. Simazine K(d) varied from 0.42 to 2.15 (K(oc) 32.6-216.2) in the soil profile. Simazine was detected at a 90-cm soil depth in concentrations of 0.0085 (+/-0.0043) mg kg(-1) and 0.0321 (+/-0.001) mg kg(-1) under field and modified conditions, respectively. The maximum simazine leachate concentrations were 0.013 (+/-0.00084) mg litre(-1) (0.012% of total applied simazine) and 0.0084 (+/-0.00082) mg litre(-1) (0.11% of total applied simazine) for field and modified conditions respectively. These data indicate that water quantity has a significant effect on the DT(50) and the amount of simazine that moved through the soil profile, but not on the soil depth reached by this herbicide.  相似文献   

Inhibitors of choline acetyltransferase as potential insecticides     

Alister C. Baillie  John R. Corbett  John R. Dowsett  David B. Sattelle  Jean-Jacques Callec 《Pest management science》1975,6(6):645-653

Choline acetyltransferase (E.C.2.3.1.6) catalyses the synthesis of acetylcholine and is therefore a target for a new insecticide. We have prepared a variety of compounds, mainly choline analogues, as inhibitors of this enzyme. One of these, 2-isothiocyanatoethyltrimethylammonium iodide, has a K_i of 0.06 μM (K_m for choline is 150 μM ) and is apparently the most powerful inhibitor known for this enzyme. Although some of our compounds are insecticidal we believe, on the basis of electrophysiological studies, that they act, not on choline acetyltransferase, but on the acetylcholine receptor of the insect.  相似文献