Efficacy of hexaflumuron against the fungus-growing termite Pseudacanthotermes spiniger (Sjöstedt) (isoptera,macrotermitinae)     

Alexis Peppuy  Alain Robert  Jean-Paul Delbecque  Jean-Louis Leca  Corinne Rouland  Christian Bordereau 《Pest management science》1998,54(1):22-26

The efficacy of hexaflumuron, a benzophenylurea insecticide, has been studied for the first time on a fungus-growing termite (Pseudacanthotermes spiniger Sjöstedt, Macrotermitinae). Results show that hexaflumuron could be useful in treating infestations of such pest species, which are of great economic importance in many tropical and equatorial countries. Foraging workers harvested and introduced treated food into the nest and subsequently contaminated the brood by trophallaxis. Hexaflumuron showed potent larvicidal activity. The compound did not appear to be rapidly degraded by the digestive enzymes of termite workers, nor by the symbiotic fungus Termitomyces eurhizus Heim growing on fungus combs. This chitin synthesis inhibitor did not act as a fungicide, since growth of the mycelium of this fungus was not inhibited in vitro. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Possible human-avian transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a green-winged macaw (Ara chloroptera)     

Steinmetz HW  Rutz C  Hoop RK  Grest P  Bley CR  Hatt JM 《Avian diseases》2006,50(4):641-645

This report describes a case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a green-winged macaw (Ara chloroptera), confirmed by microbiologic and pathologic diagnostics, and notes a possible human-avian transmission. Clinical signs included cutaneous swellings, profound leukocytosis, and signs of osteomyelitis in the long bones. Proliferation consisted of several nodules with small greenish-caseous foci in cross-section and revealed a severe granulomatous inflammation with intralesional acid-fast rods. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from subcutaneous nodules and biochemically confirmed. The disease in avian species is of zoonotic importance.  相似文献   

Finding the fit: selecting an appropriate veterinary internship     

Smith BP  Sweeney CR  Ihrke PJ 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2006,33(1):121-124

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Toxicosis with grapes or raisins causing acute kidney injury and neurological signs in dogs     

Ariane Schweighauser  Diana Henke  Anna Oevermann  Corinne Gurtner  Thierry Francey 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1957-1966

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Prevalence of specific IgG-antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in domestic turkeys determined by kinetic ELISA based on recombinant GRA7 and GRA8     

Koethe M  Pott S  Ludewig M  Bangoura B  Zöller B  Daugschies A  Tenter AM  Spekker K  Bittame A  Mercier C  Fehlhaber K  Straubinger RK 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,180(3-4):179-190

The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma (T.) gondii is one of the most common zoonotic infectious agents worldwide. Besides its sexual reproduction in cats, T. gondii can also infect a wide spectrum of other warm-blooded animals. These include animals used for human consumption such as pigs or chickens. Nevertheless, the role of turkeys for the epidemiology of T. gondii infections has not been studied thoroughly. We have established a kinetic ELISA (KELA) for the detection of T. gondii-specific IgG antibodies in turkey serum samples. The test is based on the recombinant dense granule antigens GRA7 and GRA8. These proteins were used as an antigen mixture at a concentration of 0.13 μg per well. The overall sensitivity of the assay was between 92.6% and 100% and the specificity ranged from 78.1% to 100%, depending on the method used to calculate these parameters. Using this KELA we examined 1913 turkey serum samples from 14 turkey farms from different areas of Germany. From these sera, 387 produced a signal in the KELA, corresponding to a true seroprevalence of up to 20.2%. The seropositivity rate in individual fattening cycles at individual farms ranged from 0.0% to 77.1%, whereas the rates were highly variable within the individual farms and individual fattening cycles. Consequently, conditions of animal husbandry could not be associated with particular seroprevalence rates. Although seropositivity cannot be linked directly to infectious tissue cysts in the muscle tissue of commercially produced turkey meat, we state that there is a potential risk of being infected by consuming turkey meat products that were not heat treated.  相似文献   

Gender, livestock assets, resource management, and food security: Lessons from the SR-CRSP     

Corinne Valdivia 《Agriculture and Human Values》2001,18(1):27-39

North Sumatra and West Java in Indonesia, the Andes of Bolivia and Peru, Western Province, the Coast and Machakos in Kenya, were Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Program (SR-CRSP) sites in which the role of small ruminants was studied and where technological interventions were designed. In all cases the target groups were poor rural households that could maintain sheep, goats, or South American camelids. The objective was to increase the welfare of families through the use of small ruminant technologies. Access to and control of resources, and intrahousehold dynamics were analyzed to understand if, how, and when, technological interventions help achieve this objective. The way in which the studied villages integrate into the market, the specific role that livestock and other productive enterprises play in the household economy, the risks faced by families in rural areas condition the role of livestock and other resource management technologies. As an asset, small and large stock are gendered, but this is qualified by the alternatives that household members have. Small ruminants under the domain of women, either through production or marketing, are shown to contribute to in-kind consumption or, as liquid assets, to household welfare purchases, in the case of Andean agropastoral households and households in Kenya. Women are also managers of the grazing areas, which are often fallow fields. The research experiences show the relationship between gender, resource management, and the ability to build livestock assets and security, in different houehold production systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A role for CD40 expression on CD8+ T cells in the generation of CD8+ T cell memory     

Bourgeois C  Rocha B  Tanchot C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5589):2060-2063

The delivery of CD4 help to CD8+ T cell responses requires interactions between CD40 and CD40 ligand and is thought to occur through antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. Here we show that generation of memory CD8+ T cells displaying an enhanced capacity for cell division and cytokine secretion required CD4 help but not CD40 expression by the APCs. Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressed CD40; and in the absence of this protein, CD8+ T cells were unable to differentiate into memory cells or receive CD4 help. These results suggest that, like B cells, CD8+ T cells receive CD4 help directly through CD40 and that this interaction is fundamental for CD8+ T cell memory generation.  相似文献   

Can germplasm resources be used to increase the ascorbic acid content of stored potatoes?     

Corinne S. Davies  Michael J. Ottman  Stanley J. Peloquin 《American Journal of Potato Research》2002,79(4):295-299

Freshly harvested potato tubers contain up to 50 mg/100g ascorbic acid (AA), but levels decline rapidly during cold storage. Genetic alterations to boost the AA content of stored tubers would contribute to human nutrition and might improve tuber resistance to oxidative damage during chilling. While studying the breeding potential ofSolanum phureja germplasm, we identified a 24-chromosome Phureja-haploid Tuberosum hybrid (clone I, USW5295.7) that retained a twofold higher content of tuber AA than neighboring clones after storage at 5 C. Clone I produces 2n-pollen through a mechanism genetically equivalent to first-division restitution (FDR), which transmits much of the nonadditive genetic variance for tuber yield. We now report a survey of clone I progeny showing significant family and ploidy effects on tuber AA levels during cold storage, consistent with the transmission of information for higher AA by FDR 2n-pollen. These results encourage further study of 2n-gametes and wild species germplasm to breed for increased tuber AA.  相似文献   

Epidemiology,molecular virology and diagnostics of Schmallenberg virus,an emerging orthobunyavirus in Europe     

Virginie Doceul  Estelle Lara  Corinne Sailleau  Guillaume Belbis  Jennifer Richardson  Emmanuel Bréard  Cyril Viarouge  Morgane Dominguez  Pascal Hendrikx  Didier Calavas  Alexandra Desprat  Jér?me Languille  Lo?c Comtet  Philippe Pourquier  Jean-Fran?ois Eléou?t  Bernard Delmas  Philippe Marianneau  Damien Vitour  Stéphan Zientara 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):31

After the unexpected emergence of Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) in northern Europe in 2006, another arbovirus, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), emerged in Europe in 2011 causing a new economically important disease in ruminants. The virus, belonging to the Orthobunyavirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family, was first detected in Germany, in The Netherlands and in Belgium in 2011 and soon after in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, Denmark and Switzerland. This review describes the current knowledge on the emergence, epidemiology, clinical signs, molecular virology and diagnosis of SBV infection.  相似文献   

Nutritional value of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds for feed and food     

Katell Crépon  Pascal Marget  Corinne Peyronnet  Benoit Carrouée  Paolo Arese  Gérard Duc 《Field Crops Research》2010

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a protein-rich legume seed well adapted to most climatic areas of Europe and widely used for feed and food. Even if the seed is generally recognized to be of good nutritional value, existing genetic variability for seed composition offers possibilities for improvement of this trait by breeding. Four major quality types must be distinguished according to the presence or absence of tannins in the integuments and of vicine (V) and convicine (C) in the cotyledons. The nutritional value of diets containing varying amounts of different faba bean cultivars characterized by high or low levels of tannins, and high or low levels of vicine + convicine (VC), has been examined in monogastric animals and ruminants. Low-tannin content generally results in higher protein and energy digestibility for monogastric animals and low VC content has a positive effect on laying hen and broiler production performances. V and C, inactive precursors of divicine and isouramil are redox compounds potentially toxic to human carriers of a widespread genetic deficiency of the erythrocyte (red blood cell, RBC) enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Ingestion of faba beans by these deficient individuals may cause a severe, potentially lethal hemolytic anemia (favism). The mechanism of action of divicine and isouramil in the G6PD-deficient RBC is discussed.  相似文献