Net requirements of calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, and potassium for growth of Nellore × Red Angus bulls, steers, and heifers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mario Luiz Chizzotti  Sebastio de Campos Valadares Filho  Luis Orlindo Tedeschi  Pedro Veiga Rodrigues Paulino  Mrio Fonseca Paulino  Rilene Ferreira Diniz Valadares  Paloma Amaral  Pedro Del Bianco Benedeti  Tainnah Ikegami Rodrigues  Mozart Alves Fonseca 《Livestock Science》2009,124(1-3):242-247

A comparative slaughter trial was conducted to assess the net requirements for gain of Ca, P, Na, K and Mg of bulls, steers and heifers of Nellore and Red Angus crossbreds. Twenty seven F1 Nellore and Red Angus crossbred calves (9 steers, 9 bulls, and 9 heifers), averaging 274 kg BW, were used. At the beginning of the trial, three animals from each gender were slaughtered to determine the initial body composition. The remaining 18 animals (3 animals of each gender) were randomly assigned to two treatments: fed 0.75 or 1.5% of BW of concentrate. The diets were based on corn silage and were isonitrogenous (2% N, DM). After three growing periods of 28 d, all animals were slaughtered. The cleaned gastrointestinal tract, organs, carcass, head, hide, tail, feet, and tissues were weighed to determine the empty BW (EBW). These parts were ground separately and subsampled for chemical analyses. The log of the contents of each mineral in the empty body was regressed on the log of the EBW to estimate the net requirement for each mineral per kg of empty body gain (EBG). There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the net requirements for growth of all macrominerals among genders. The equations of the pooled data of the net requirements for growth (g/kg EBG) were: 332.6 × EBW ^− 0.6367 for Ca, 112.1 × EBW ^− 0.5615 for P, 10.85 × EBW ^− 0.3992 for Na, 4.01 × EBW ^− 0.153 for K, and 3.589 × EBW ^− 0.462 for Mg. Our findings indicated that retained Ca and retained P were poorly related to the retained protein.  相似文献   

Short-Term Dinoflagellate Bloom in a Shrimp Pond in Bahía de La Paz,Gulf of California     

Ismael Gárate-Lizárraga  David J. López-Cortés  José J. Bustillos-Guzmán  Christine J. Band-Schmidt  María Del Socorro Muñetón-Gómez 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):235-246

From mid-August to mid-September 1998, a dinoflagellate bloom in a shrimp pond near La Paz, Baja California Sur, was studied. Daily samples were taken of phytoplankton, dissolved oxygen, nutrient concentrations, photosynthetic pigments and proteins. The bloom occurred at temperatures of 29.7 to 33.2?°C. High densities of a Scrippsiella-like dinoflagellate (15.9?×?10⁶ cells/L) occurred on the first day of sampling, reaching a peak of 249?×?10⁶ cells/L on Day 13, and declining to 4 to 7?×?10⁶ cells/L by Day 26. Chlorophyll a varied from 8.63 mg/m³ on Day 4 to 141.38 mg/m³ on Day 13. Total nitrogen varied widely (0.2–11.50 μM) while phosphates peaked only once on Day 13 (4.14 μM). Proteins ranged from 523 to 6387 μg/L; the latter value occurred two days after the maximal peak of nitrates and coinciding with the highest level of phosphates. Fertilizers added to the ponds increased nutrient concentration and stimulated phytoplankton growth. In turn, the food supply to cultured shrimp noticeably increased throughout the bloom.  相似文献   

Effect of three safeners on sulfur assimilation and iron deficiency response in barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants          下载免费PDF全文

Maria Luce Bartucca  Silvia Celletti  Stefania Astolfi  Tanja Mimmo  Stefano Cesco  Ivan Panfili  Daniele Del Buono 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):240-245

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An integrated pest control strategy against the Asian tiger mosquito in northern Italy: a case study          下载免费PDF全文

Frédéric Baldacchino  Francesca Bussola  Daniele Arnoldi  Matteo Marcantonio  Fabrizio Montarsi  Gioia Capelli  Roberto Rosà  Annapaola Rizzoli 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):87-93

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Improved Microbial and Chemical Reduction of Direct Blue 71 Using Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate Immobilized on Granular Activated Carbon     

Luis H. Alvarez  Yair A. Del Angel  Bernardo García-Reyes 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(1):38

The aim of this study was to evaluate the redox mediating capacity of anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) during the reductive decolorization of direct blue 71 (DB71) under microbial and chemical conditions. The immobilization of AQDS on GAC was conducted by adsorption, and it has obtained an uptake capacity of 0.227 mmol g^?1. The anchorage of AQDS on GAC improved its electron transfer capacity (ETC) up to 2.05 times higher than the raw material. Similarly, the addition of GAC-AQDS increased up to 1.75- and 1.16-fold the rate of decolorization (k _d ) of DB71 under microbial and chemical conditions, respectively, in comparison to the unmodified GAC. Surprisingly, a higher k _d value was achieved in incubations without either GAC or GAC-AQDS because of the generation of aromatic amines, from the reduction DB71, taking into account that these species may act as a catalyst in the DB71 reduction process. In contrast, adsorption of aromatic amines on either GAC or GAC-AQDS decreased its redox mediating capacity as evidenced by spectrophotometric screenings of the decolorized solution and the supporting material. The development of materials with enhanced both redox and adsorption properties, as the GAC used in this study, offers a promising way to increase the redox conversion of recalcitrant pollutants commonly found in industrial wastewaters.  相似文献   

Equine salmonellosis in southern Brazil     

Gregory Duarte Juffo  Daniele Mariath Bassuino  Danilo Carloto Gomes  Fabiana Wurster  Caroline Pissetti  Saulo Petinatti Pavarini  David Driemeier 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(3):475-482

The Salmonella sp. genus is identified in several species, and the zoonosis it causes is one of the most important types worldwide. The specifics of salmonellosis vary according to the function of the serovar involved, the species affected, age and predisposing factors. However, few cases of equine salmonellosis have been reported. This study presents ten confirmed salmonellosis cases in equines in southern Brazil. Six were adult animals with stress factors preceding the disease, while four were foals, three of which presented with hyperacute manifestations. The main clinical signs were diarrhea, anorexia, and hyperthermia. Lesions varied in distribution and severity, although fibrinonecrotic or necrohemorrhagic enteritis was observed in all animals, mainly in the large intestine (large colon and cecum—8/10) and small intestine (3/10). Substantial liquid content, mainly hemorrhagic, was observed in all animals. The most characteristic microscopic lesion was mucosa necrosis, which is often accompanied by fibrin deposition, followed by necrosis of follicular centers and vascular changes. Bacterial isolation revealed seven isolates. Five were serotyped, and the serovars Typhimurium and Anatum were associated with two cases each, while Muenster was associated with a case whose lesion pattern varied. Immunohistochemical staining was positive in all cases. All diagnoses were based on the clinical history, macroscopic and histological lesions, and the bacterial isolation and/or immunostaining associated with histological lesions.  相似文献   

Invasive mould infections of the naso-orbital region of cats: a case involving Aspergillus fumigatus and an aetiological review     

Cristina Giordano  Paola Gianella  Stefano Bo  Antonella Vercelli  Chiara Giudice  Daniele Della Santa  Anna Maria Tortorano  Claudio Peruccio  Andrea Peano 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(9):714-723

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Response of climate-growth relationships and water use efficiency to thinning in a Pinus nigra afforestation     

Darío Martín-Benito  Miren Del Río  Ingo Heinrich  Gerhard Helle  Isabel Cañellas 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

Thinning is the main forestry measure to increase tree growth by reducing stand tree density and competition for resources. A thinning experiment was established in 1993 on a 32-year-old Pinus nigra Arn. stand in central Spain. The response of growth, climate-growth relationships and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) to a stand density reduction were compared between moderate thinned plots and a control plot by a combined analysis of basal area increments (BAI), and C and O stable isotope ratios (δ¹³C_c and δ¹⁸O_c). BAI in the control plot showed a decreasing trend that was avoided by thinning in the thinned plot. Thinning also partially buffered tree-ring response to climate and trees were less sensitive to precipitation although more sensitive to temperature. Δ¹³C_c in the thinned plot was not modified indicating that stomatal conductance (g) and photosynthetic capacity (A) did not change or change in the same direction. However, δ¹⁸O_c decreased in the control plot (unrelated to δ¹⁸O of precipitation) but not in the thinned plot, suggesting a relative increase of temperature and irradiance and/or a decrease of air humidity after reducing the density consistent with an increase in A, g and BAI. As WUEi did not increase in the thinned plot, faster growth in this plot was caused by higher abundance of resources per tree. The trend of WUEi in both plots indicated low-moderate CO₂-induced improvements. Thinning might be a useful adaptation measure against climate change in these plantations reducing their vulnerability to droughts. However, because WUEi was not affected, the positive growth response might be limited if droughts and warming continue and certain thresholds are exceeded.  相似文献   

Genetic structuring among populations of the great egret,Ardea alba egretta,in major Brazilian wetlands          下载免费PDF全文

Thaís Camilo Corrêa  Silvia Nassif Del Lama  Juliana Rossi De Souza  Carolina Isabel Miño 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(2):333-349

Restoration and Rehabilitation of Mixed Espinales in Central Chile: 10-Year Report and Appraisal     

Carlos Ovalle  James Aronson  Alejandro Del Pozo  Julia Avendan 《Arid Land Research and Management》2013,27(4):369-381

A synthesis of progress achieved thus far is provided for a 10 - year research and development program aimed at the ecological and economic rehabilitation of agroecosystems in the unirrigated portions of the central valley of Chile's Mediterranean climate region. We review our data on (1) revised management techniques aimed at restoring the gross superstructure and former levels of diversity and productivity of a mixed espinales formation; (2) selection and utilization of ecotypes of the naturalized annual Medicago polymorpha L. and the N2-fixing microsymbiont Rhizobium meliloti, for gradual improvement of espinal soil fertility; and (3) studies of the outstandingly well adapted and fast growing Canary Island tree Chamaecytisus proliferus (L. fil.) Link ssp. palmensis (Christ) Kunkel (Tagasaste), which along with about three dozen other woody nitrogen - fixing legume and several nonlegume multipurpose trees, was considered to be of potential value for deep soil layer rehabilitation combined with economic improvements. In all these subprograms, efforts were made to identify techniques or organisms that could provide short-term benefits to landowners, especially in the form of wood, fuelwood, or forage for livestock. We also consider various approaches to be added to the program over the next decade, especially in view of the overarching goal of reintegrating fragmented landscapes and combining restoration with rehabilitation and reallocation at this spatial scale.  相似文献