The physical appearance of the vulva in ureaplasma infected ewes     

W J McCaughey  H J Ball 《Veterinary research communications》1985,9(2):123-125

The vulvar labia of ewes naturally infected with ureaplasma were significantly more swollen and red than those of uninfected ewes. Similar changes were observed following experimental infection of previously uninfected ewes. These differences, although statistically significant, were not sufficiently marked to be useful in diagnosing infection by clinical examination.  相似文献   

寄生虫的抗原变异   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

沈杰  刘一平  李东风 《中国兽医寄生虫病》2001,9(2):44-47

文章对寄生虫的抗原变异情况和消除抗原变异对免疫预防影响的主要方面进行了评述，许多种类寄生虫绝大部分表面怕变异频繁，从而逃避了宿主动物的免疫作用，变异最频繁的是各种寄生于人和哺乳动物的锥虫，其次是寄生于人和灵长类动物的几种疟原虫，再其次是寄生于哺乳动物和人的巴贝斯虫，还有几种属鞭毛虫纲、孢子虫纲和蠕虫的寄生虫，一般认为导致抗原变异的作用机制是表达抗原的基因发生了改变，正在表达的基因停止表达，而同时另一个基因却活化了，对于某些寄生虫抗原变异的规律虽已有揭示，但尚未揭示清全部主要规律，另一些种类寄生虫的抗原变异规律尚不清楚，基因活化的调控亦不甚清楚。抗原变异逃避了宿主动物的免疫，人们已提出了多种克服了的方法与设想，有些已在实验试验中出现端倪，但尚未形成临床上实用的技术，文章对它们也进行了讨论。  相似文献   

提高波尔山羊繁殖效率的意义与方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨利国  周东蕊 《中国畜牧杂志》2002,38(1):45-47

波尔山羊为季节性多次发情品种 ,产羔率较低 ,但肉用性能好 ,与国内多个品种杂种对生长速度和肉用性能有良好的杂种优势。为了提高肉羊生产经济效益 ,提高波尔羊繁殖效率具有重要意义。季节、光照和温度以及饲养管理等因素对波尔羊繁殖力有影响。加强选育和饲养管理 ,诱导青年羊发情排卵 ,缩短成年羊产羔间隔 ,提高窝产羔数 ,合理应用胚胎移植技术 ,提高公羊性欲和精液品质及保存效果等 ,均可提高波尔羊的繁殖力。  相似文献   

Rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh     

S. A. Selim  K. M. S. Aziz  A. J. Sarker  H. Rahman 《Veterinary research communications》1991,15(4):327-333

Faecal samples from 434 calves under 1 year of age (307 diarrhoeal and 127 normal) were collected from three dairy farms and one village in selected areas of Bangladesh. The samples were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the presence of rotavirus antigen. Of 402 dairy calves tested, 28 (7.0%) were positive, of which 21 (7.2%) were from diarrhoeic calves and 7 (6.3%) from non-diarrhoeic calves. Rotavirus infection varied from farm to farm (2.7–9.2%) and there was no positive response from any of the 32 village calves. Rotavirus was most commonly found in calves of 1 week of age or less (up to 22.2% in one group) but was not found in any calves later than 6 months of age. More than 80% of rotavirus-positive samples from diarrhoeic calves exhibited a titre of 128 or more (geometric mean 345±4.5), whereas non-diarrhoeal calves had titres less than or equal to 128 (geometric mean=29±1.9), suggesting that rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh was mostly associated with diarrhoea.  相似文献   

Bovine sire effects on daughters' in vitro blood neutrophil functions, lymphocyte blastogenesis, serum complement and conglutinin levels     

M E Kehrli  K A Weigel  A E Freeman  J R Thurston  D H Kelley 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1991,27(4):303-319

Blood neutrophil functions, lymphocyte blastogenic responses, serum complement, and serum conglutinin activity of 98 lactating Holstein cows from two genetic lines were evaluated. The genetic lines were produced in a selection experiment that created and perpetuated genetic differences in milk production for up to seven generations. No significant differences between the two genetic lines of cows were found for neutrophil function, lymphocyte blastogenic responses, serum complement levels, or serum conglutinin levels. Significant differences between sire progeny groups within lines were found for unstimulated and mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis (P less than 0.0001), and almost all neutrophil functions (antibody independent neutrophil cytotoxicity, antibody dependent neutrophil cytotoxicity, ingestion of bacteria, iodination, chemiluminescence, chemokinesis, and chemotaxis (P less than or equal to 0.05)). Sire progeny group differences (P less than or equal to 0.0001) within lines for serum complement and conglutinin activity were also found. Neutrophil chemiluminescence activity (positive relationship; P less than or equal to 0.001), concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis (positive relationship; P less than or equal to 0.004), and serum conglutinin activity levels (negative relationship; P less than or equal to 0.01) each had small but significant associations with the total milk somatic cell count. Cows seropositive for bovine leukosis virus had increased resting and mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte blastogenic activity and were associated with increased in vitro neutrophil random migration and production of superoxide anion. Estimates of genetic parameters of various immune cell functions, of serum complement and of conglutinin levels for daughters of 11 sires with 4-6 daughters in the data set were determined. In this report, genetic variation was demonstrated for nonspecific humoral and cellular immunity.  相似文献   

Increase in Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep.     

R H Davies  S J Evans  B E Preece  S Chappell  S Kidd  Y E Jones 《The Veterinary record》2001,149(18):555-557

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Reproductive efficiency and maternal-offspring transfer of gossypol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diets containing cottonseed meal.     

J H Blom  K J Lee  J Rinchard  K Dabrowski  J Ottobre 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(6):1533-1539

In a preceding study, complete substitution of fish meal protein with cottonseed meal (CM) protein did not affect the survival or growth rate of adult rainbow trout over a 6-mo period. Gossypol, a naturally occurring compound in cottonseeds, has an antifertility effect in terrestrial animals, but information regarding salmonid fish is lacking. Female rainbow trout in this experiment were fed diets with either 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100% (diets 1 to 5) of the fish meal protein replaced with CM protein until first maturation and spawning to study long-term effects on growth and reproduction. Feeding diets containing CM over a total period of 10 mo did not result in differences in growth and mortality compared to the control group (P > 0.05). Increased CM incorporation levels resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) blood hemoglobin (10.6 +/- 1.3, 8.4 +/- 1.8, 7.3 +/- 1.1, 6.9 +/- 0.8, and 5.6 +/- 1.4 g/dL) and hematocrit (49.6 +/- 3.9, 38.5 +/- 9.3, 34.4 +/- 3.7, 34.8 +/- 4.9 and 28.0 +/- 6.8%) levels in diets 1 to 5, respectively. The CM incorporation level had no effect (P > 0.05) on the number of eggs produced per female but led to a reduction (P < 0.05) in egg weight. Eyed stage survival of embryos was low in all dietary groups and did not show differences (P > 0.05). However, an increasing CM incorporation level led to a linear increase (P < 0.05) in the number of females that produced no viable embryos (23.1, 37.5, 42.9, 60.0, and 71.4%). Gossypol in the diet was absorbed by the female trout and transferred to the eggs (0, 2.2 +/- 0.5, 6.7 +/- 1.6, 10.6 +/- 4.2, and 20.0 +/- 2.6 micrograms/g in diets 1 to 5, respectively). A high concentration of gossypol remained in the juveniles at the swim-up stage (endogenous yolk-absorbed) (0.6 +/- 0.3, 2.4 +/- 0.3, 3.4 +/- 0.0, and 4.7 +/- 1.0 micrograms/g, diets 2 to 5, respectively). The findings suggest that replacement of the dietary fish meal protein with CM protein has no effect on fish growth and mortality but may lead to a reduction in reproductive performance in female rainbow trout.  相似文献   

Treatment of lambs with phenobarbitone is not effective against alveld under practical conditions in Norway     

A. Flåøyen  H. Grønstøl  N. E. Søli 《Veterinary research communications》1991,15(6):459-461

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中国苜蓿品种对黄萎病抗病性鉴定     

侯天爵  黄鸿章 《植物病理学报》1994,24(4):328-328

 黄萎病(Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold)是苜蓿的毁灭性病害,在欧洲常于播种当年就有许多植株发病,第二年末或第三年会有大批植株死亡,使苜蓿地失去利用价值。1976年以后,本病在北美流行,并造成巨大经济损失。  相似文献   

Transesophageal monitoring of aortic blood flow during nonemergent canine surgeries     

Piper L. Wall  DVM  PhD  DACVECC  ; Maisha M. Rudison  BS  ; Tatjana Lazic  DVM  Dean H. Reidesel  DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2002,12(1):1-8

Objective: To establish baseline values for descending thoracic aortic blood flow parameters as determined with a transesophageal combined M‐mode and pulsed Doppler ultrasound‐based monitoring method. Design: Preliminary observational study. Setting: University small animal teaching hospital. Animals: The study population consisted of anesthetized canine patients undergoing nonemergent surgeries. Prospectively set criteria for inclusion were adequate body size for placement of the esophageal probe and a nonemergent reason for surgery. The criterion for exclusion was recent trauma. Interventions: Placement of the transesophageal probe. Measurements and main results: Data was collected during 15 surgeries. Data from three dogs was excluded from data analysis (two recently hit by motor vehicles, one recently having undergone a total hip replacement). Each parameter was stable across time within each individual dog. The ranges of the descending thoracic aortic parameters across the 12 nonemergent cases were as follows: blood flow, 0.038–0.085 L min^?1 kg^?1; blood flow per beat, 0.31–0.84 mL kg^?1; blood acceleration, 6–29 m s^2?1; blood peak velocity, 38–105 m s^?1; left ventricular ejection time interval 331–492 ms; and diameter, 0.30–0.93 mm kg^?1. Conclusions: The range of descending thoracic aortic blood flow parameters encountered in this small group of dogs during nonemergent surgeries was broad; however, each parameter was quite stable across time with little change occurring in any dog during monitoring.  相似文献