Early detection of fungal growth in bakery products by use of an electronic nose based on mass spectrometry     

Vinaixa M  Marín S  Brezmes J  Llobet E  Vilanova X  Correig X  Ramos A  Sanchis V 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(20):6068-6074

This paper presents the design, optimization, and evaluation of a mass spectrometry-based electronic nose (MS e-nose) for early detection of unwanted fungal growth in bakery products. Seven fungal species (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Eurotium amstelodami, Eurotium herbariorum, Eurotium rubrum, Eurotium repens, and Penicillium corylophillum) were isolated from bakery products and used for the study. Two sampling headspace techniques were tested: static headspace (SH) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Cross-validated models based on principal component analysis (PCA), coupled to discriminant function analysis (DFA) and fuzzy ARTMAP, were used as data treatment. When attempting to discriminate between inoculated and blank control vials or between genera or species of in vitro growing cultures, sampling based on SPME showed better results than those based on static headspace. The SPME-MS-based e-nose was able to predict fungal growth with 88% success after 24 h of inoculation and 98% success after 48 h when changes were monitored in the headspace of fungal cultures growing on bakery product analogues. Prediction of the right fungal genus reached 78% and 88% after 24 and 96 h, respectively.  相似文献   

Climacteric and non-climacteric behavior in melon fruit: 2. Linking climacteric pattern and main postharvest disorders and decay in a set of near-isogenic lines     

J. Pablo Fernndez-Trujillo  Javier M. Obando-Ulloa  Juan A. Martínez  Eduard Moreno  Jordi García-Mas  Antonio J. Monforte 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,50(2-3):125-134

A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of melon (Cucumis melo L.) was used to test the relationship between the climacteric pattern and postharvest disorders at harvest and after 30 days at 8 °C. The NILs contained different chromosome introgressions in the linkage group III from the non-climacteric exotic Korean accession PI 161375 transferred into the genetic background of the non-climacteric Spanish cultivar ‘Piel de Sapo’ (PS). A quantitative trait locus (QTL) in this linkage group induced climacteric behavior in eight NILs accompanied by a peak of ethylene production and fruit dehiscence to different degrees. The cultivar ‘Nicolás’ and one NIL showed a non-climacteric pattern of respiration rate and ethylene production. The climacteric NILs were used to test the relationship between this pattern and postharvest disorders. The reference climacteric lines ‘Fado’ and ‘Védrantais’ were more sensitive to CI and associated Cladosporium rot than the NILs or PS. In general, a more intense climacteric behavior was accompanied by fruit dehiscence, and higher total losses and greater skin scald after storage, than in PS. A higher incidence of chilling injury (CI) in the climacteric NILs was found compared with the non-climacteric ones, although with exceptions (one NIL for CI in the form of scald; the same NIL and one more for pitting). The climacteric onset and netting scald were not related, and CI in the form of skin spots was only found in climacteric NILs and was positively correlated with the maximum peak of ethylene production. Some climacteric NILs did not follow the rule of a higher susceptibility to other disorders and decay after storage compared with PS, such as for example in fruit over-ripening (detected externally or internally), Cladosporium rot at the peduncle and Alternaria rot. Mealiness was independent of climacteric behavior. Three climacteric NILs obtained better flavor scores after storage than PS, although the maximum peak of ethylene production was positively correlated with off-flavor. Genotypic correlation between disorder data and the physiological data of climacteric fruit revealed positive (flavor index) or negative postharvest consequences (skin injuries, rots or off-flavors). At least one QTL can be assigned to most of the quality traits analyzed.  相似文献   

A 314-bp SINE insertion in the ZNF2 promoter region may act as a repressor related to regulation of fat deposition in pigs          下载免费PDF全文

GU Hao  DU Zhan-yu  Eduard MURANI  Enrico D’ALESSANDRO  CHEN Cai  WANG Xiao-yan  MAO Jiu-de  Klaus WIMMERS  SONG Cheng-yi 《农业科学学报》2023,22(2):526-536

Retrotransposons, a type of DNA fragment that can mobilize itself on genome, can generate genetic variations and develop for molecular markers based on the insertion polymorphism. Zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) are among the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic animals, and their functions are extraordinarily diverse and particularly important in gene regulation. In the current study, bioinformatic prediction was performed to screen for retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms (RIPs) in six ZNF genes (ZNF2, ZNF3, ZNF7, ZNF8, ZNF10 and ZNF12). Six RIPs in these ZNFs, including one short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) RIP in intron 1 and one long interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1) RIP in intron 3 of ZNF2, one SINE RIP in 5′ flanking region and one SINE RIP in intron 2 of ZNF3, one SINE RIP in 3′ UTR of ZNF7 and one L1 RIP in intron 2 of ZNF12, were discovered and their presence was confirmed by PCR. The impact of the SINE RIP in the first intron of ZNF2, which is close to the core promoter of ZNF2, on the gene activity was investigated by dual-luciferase assay in three cell lines. Our results showed that the SINE insertion in the intron 1 of ZNF2 repressed the core promoter activity extremely significantly (P<0.01) in cervical cancer cells and porcine primary embryonic fibroblasts (HeLa and PEF), thus SINE may act as a repressor. This SINE RIP also significantly (P<0.05) affected the corrected back fat thickness in Yorkshire pigs. The corrected back fat thickness of individuals with SINE insertion in the first intron of ZNF2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of individuals without SINE insertion. In summary, our data suggested that RIPs play important roles in the genetic variations of these ZNF genes and SINE RIP in the intron 1 of ZNF2 may provide a useful molecular marker for the screening of fat deposition in the pig breeding.  相似文献   

Introduction of a putative biocontrol agent into a range of phytoplasma‐ and liberibacter‐susceptible crop plants          下载免费PDF全文

Ofir Lidor  Orit Dror  Dor Hamershlak  Nofar Shoshana  Eduard Belausov  Tirtza Zahavi  Netta Mozes‐Daube  Vered Naor  Einat Zchori‐Fein  Lilach Iasur‐Kruh  Ofir Bahar 《Pest management science》2018,74(4):811-819

  相似文献   

Evaluation of an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor anticoagulant in healthy adult horses          下载免费PDF全文

Maria L. Rodríguez‐Pozo DVM  Lara Armengou DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Luis Monreal DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Judit Viu DVM  PhD  Carla Cesarini DVM  PhD  DECEIM  DACVIM  Eduard Jose‐Cunilleras DVM  PhD  DECEIM  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(1):82-88

  相似文献   

Interdependence of cell growth and gene expression: origins and consequences     

Scott M  Gunderson CW  Mateescu EM  Zhang Z  Hwa T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6007):1099-1102

In bacteria, the rate of cell proliferation and the level of gene expression are intimately intertwined. Elucidating these relations is important both for understanding the physiological functions of endogenous genetic circuits and for designing robust synthetic systems. We describe a phenomenological study that reveals intrinsic constraints governing the allocation of resources toward protein synthesis and other aspects of cell growth. A theory incorporating these constraints can accurately predict how cell proliferation and gene expression affect one another, quantitatively accounting for the effect of translation-inhibiting antibiotics on gene expression and the effect of gratuitous protein expression on cell growth. The use of such empirical relations, analogous to phenomenological laws, may facilitate our understanding and manipulation of complex biological systems before underlying regulatory circuits are elucidated.  相似文献   

Structural characterization and localization analysis of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica fatty acid and retinol binding protein (Mj-FAR-1)     

Ionit Iberkleid  Adva Yeheskel  Eduard Belausov  B. Chinnapandi  N. Fitoussi  Sigal Brown Miyara 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,143(1):133-149

  相似文献   

Expression profiling of muscle reveals transcripts differentially expressed in muscle that affect water-holding capacity of pork     

Ponsuksili S  Murani E  Phatsara C  Jonas E  Walz C  Schwerin M  Schellander K  Wimmers K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(21):10311-10317

  相似文献   

Eine forsteinrichtungskartei     

Eduard Kra 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1935,57(13):439

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Erfahrungen bei der Arfenbek?mpfung des Kiefernspanners in biologischer und technischer Hinsicht     

Friebrich Borchers und Eduard May 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1930,52(17):697-714

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献