Issues and challenges in landscape models for agriculture: from the representation of agroecosystems to the design of management strategies     

Sylvain Poggi  Julien Papaïx  Claire Lavigne  Frédérique Angevin  Florence Le Ber  Nicolas Parisey  Benoît Ricci  Fabrice Vinatier  Julie Wohlfahrt 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(10):1679-1690

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Establishment of reference values of the caudal vena cava by fast‐ultrasonography through different views in healthy dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Elodie Darnis  Soren Boysen  Anne‐Christine Merveille  Loïc Desquilbet  Serge Chalhoub  Kris Gommeren 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(4):1308-1318

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Evaluation of a new chest physiotherapy technique in dogs with airway fluid accumulation hospitalized in an intensive care unit          下载免费PDF全文

Céline Pouzot‐Nevoret DVM  PhD  DECVECC  Isabelle Goy‐Thollot DVM  PhD  DECVECC  Didier Billet PT  MSc  Anthony Barthélemy DVM  MSc  Maïlys Blesch DVM  Aurélie Pin  Kate Hopper DVM  BVSc  PhD  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(3):213-220

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Low-energy ablation of anteroseptal accessory pathways in two dogs     

R.A. Santilli  D. Caivano  R. Pariaut  F. Birettoni  M. Perego  F. Porciello  N.S. Moïse 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2018,20(4):285-293

In humans, accessory pathways (APs) in an anteroseptal and midseptal position are often challenging to ablate because of their close proximity with the conduction pathways of the atrioventricular junction. The use of low-energy ablation techniques can be useful to reduce the risk of permanently damaging the atrioventricular node and the His bundle. This report describes the use of low-energy radiofrequency catheter ablation to successfully and permanently ablate anteroseptal APs in two dogs with orthodromic atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia. In the first dog, a transient first degree atrioventricular block persisted for 30 s after radiofrequency energy delivery. In the second dog, transient paroxysmal atrioventricular conduction block was observed during the procedure but resolved within 3 days. First degree atrioventricular block was again identified 2 months later. In conclusion, anteroseptal APs can be effectively treated by low-energy radiofrequency catheter ablation with minimal and transient damage to the atrioventricular junction.  相似文献   

Winter variation in xylem sap pH of walnut trees: involvement of plasma membrane H+-ATPase of vessel-associated cells     

Alves G  Ameglio T  Guilliot A  Fleurat-Lessard P  Lacointe A  Sakr S  Petel G  Julien JL 《Tree physiology》2004,24(1):99-105

We studied seasonal variation in xylem sap pH of Juglans regia L. Our main objectives were to (1) test the effect of temperature on seasonal changes in xylem sap pH and (2) study the involvement of plasma membrane H+-ATPase of vessel-associated cells in the control of sap pH. For this purpose, orchard-grown trees were compared with trees grown in a heated (> or = 15 degrees C) greenhouse. During autumn, sap pH was not directly influenced by temperature. A seasonal change in H+-ATPase activity resulting from seasonal variation in the amount of protein was measured in orchard-grown trees, whereas no significant seasonal changes were recorded in greenhouse-grown trees. Our data suggest that H+-ATPase does not regulate xylem sap pH directly by donating protons to the xylem, but by facilitating secondary active H+/sugar transport, among other mechanisms.  相似文献   

Identification of a new natural Ara h 6 isoform and of its proteolytic product as major allergens in peanut     

Bernard H  Mondoulet L  Drumare MF  Paty E  Scheinmann P  Thaï R  Wal JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9663-9669

Numerous food allergens of plant origin belong to the 2S albumin family, including peanut Ara h 2. In addition to Ara h 2, several other conglutins related to 2S albumins are present in peanut seeds. We evaluated the allergenicity of different peanut conglutins as compared with Ara h 2. Several conglutins were isolated from the kernel, i.e. Ara h 2, a new isoform of Ara h 6 and its derived product, which is likely to be naturally formed during seed processing. Enzyme allergosorbent tests performed on sera of peanut allergic patients showed that more than 94% of 47 analyzed patients had positive IgE responses to Ara h 6 isoform and to its degradation product. Skin prick tests with the new isoform of Ara h 6 led to a positive response in seven out of the eight tested patients. Both enzyme allergosorbent tests and skin prick tests showed that the reactivity of Ara h 6 was similar to, or even higher than, that of Ara h 2, suggesting that the present isoform of Ara h 6 is as allergenic as Ara h 2. In addition the IgE response to the plant processed (i.e., hydrolyzed) Ara h 6 new isoform is equivalent to the IgE response to the native isoform. The IgE immunoreactivity is mostly abrogated by chemical reduction and denaturation of Ara h 6 isoforms, which underlined the importance of tertiary structure in Ara h 6 immunoreactivity. These results, and particularly the high correlation between anti-Ara h 2 and anti-Ara h 6 IgE responses, emphasise the major role of 2S albumins in peanut allergenicity.  相似文献   

Quantitative analysis of beta-sitosterol oxides induced in vegetable oils by natural sunlight, artificially generated light, and irradiation     

Zhang X  Julien-David D  Miesch M  Raul F  Geoffroy P  Aoude-Werner D  Ennahar S  Marchioni E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(15):5410-5415

UV radiation is able to induce lipid peroxidation. Photooxidation-induced beta-sitosterol oxides were monitored in four vegetable oils exposed to sunlight for 10, 20, and 30 days during May 2005 (northeastern France), exposed to artificial light generated by a high-pressure Hg lamp for 21, 42, and 63 h at room temperature, and exposed to a 10 MeV electron beam at 0.93, 2.69, and 9.30 kGy at 8 degrees C. Quantification was performed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry according to the total ion current mode and using a reconstructed ion trace chromatogram with specific ion fragments. Sunlight induced the formation of higher amounts of oxides than UV light, while no significant oxidizing effect was observed with electron beam irradiation. However, data suggested that the amount of the main oxides formed was strongly dependent on the dose rate (length of exposure). Accordingly, shorter but more intense treatments had lower oxidizing effects.  相似文献   

Effects of must concentration techniques on wine isotopic parameters     

Guyon F  Douet C  Colas S  Salagoïty MH  Medina B 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(26):9918-9923

Despite the robustness of isotopic methods applied in the field of wine control, isotopic values can be slightly influenced by enological practices. For this reason, must concentration technique effects on wine isotopic parameters were studied. The two studied concentration techniques were reverse osmosis (RO) and high-vacuum evaporation (HVE). Samples (must and extracted water) have been collected in various French vineyards. Musts were microfermented at the laboratory, and isotope parameters were determined on the obtained wine. Deuterium and carbon-13 isotope ratios were studied on distilled ethanol by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. The oxygen-18 ratio was determined on extracted and wine water using IRMS apparatus. The study showed that the RO technique has a very low effect on isotopic parameters, indicating that this concentration technique does not create any isotopic fractionation, neither at sugar level nor at water level. The effect is notable for must submitted to HVE concentration: water evaporation leads to a modification of the oxygen-18 ratio of the must and, as a consequence, ethanol deuterium concentration is also modified.  相似文献   

New strategy for the survey of Toxoplasma gondii in meat for human consumption     

Villena I  Durand B  Aubert D  Blaga R  Geers R  Thomas M  Perret C  Alliot A  Escotte-Binet S  Thébault A  Boireau P  Halos L 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,183(3-4):203-208

Monitoring of Toxoplasma infection in animals destined for human consumption is a great challenge for human toxoplasmosis prevention. This study aimed to compare results obtained from a naturally infected population of sheep using different tests and targeting an original matrix: meat samples and muscle fluids collected at the slaughterhouse. A commercial ELISA test was performed on diaphragm fluids from 419 ovine carcasses collected at the slaughterhouse. A MAT (modified agglutination test) was performed on heart fluids obtained from the same animals. In addition, all hearts were bioassayed in mice. Serological test agreement, the relative sensitivity of ELISA MAT and mouse bioassay as well as a correlation between titres and parasite isolation probability were statistically evaluated. The overall agreement (kappa coefficient=0.64) of ELISA on diaphragm fluids and MAT on heart fluids is substantial and subsequently both tests can be used for epidemiological studies. Relative sensitivity was higher for MAT performed on cardiac fluids (90%) than ELISA on diaphragm fluid (61%). For both serological tests, relative sensitivity is lower in lambs younger than 12 months. Relative sensitivity of mouse inoculation was 42%. A significant correlation was obtained between increasing MAT titres and probability to isolate live parasite from the heart. When the fluid titre was higher than 1:16, parasites were isolated in 65% of cases. When it was lower, isolation failed in 95% of the cases. According to our results, cardiac fluids appear to be a relevant matrix for toxoplasmosis survey in meat.  相似文献   

A comparison of dairy cattle systems in an irrigated perimeter and in a suburban region: case study from Morocco     

Sraïri MT  Kiade N  Lyoubi R  Messad S  Faye B 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(5):835-843

Multivariate analyses were used to compare dairy production practices and their consequences on milk yield and profitability in cattle farms from two representative regions of Morocco. A regular follow-up of 118 farms (48 in the Rabat-Salé suburban belt and 70 in the Gharb irrigated perimeter) was undertaken to obtain accurate data. Results show significant differences between the two regions. Intensive milk production was more frequent in the suburban zone (more concentrates and better annual milk yield per cow). When conducting a “within-region” principal components analysis, farms’ discrimination appeared to take into account all management variables (feeding, cattle sales, profitability), with no reference to farms’ structural parameters (arable land and number of cattle). A typology of farms was then established using cluster analysis, with 4 distinct groups, namely: a) concentrates wasters, b) farms with a relatively important milk yield per cow, c) deficit dairy farms and d) beef oriented farms. The last group included almost exclusively farms from the irrigated perimeter (5 out of 7). These results indicate that dairy production promotion in Morocco requires more than just the intensification of forage production, but should focus also on improving management practices. The extension of complete and balanced dairy rations is urgently needed to enhance milk yield and profitability.  相似文献