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Classification of 32 Verticillium dahliae isolates originating from 19 plant species in eight different botanical families to races and determination of host range pathogenicity were carried out. The physiological races of isolates were identified using the two differential tomato cultivars ??Belladonna?? (susceptible to both races 1 and 2 of V. dahliae) and ??Ace 55VF?? (resistant to race 1, susceptible to race 2 of V. dahliae). Among these isolates, 14 were race 2 (43.8%), 12 race 1 (37.5%) and six nonpathogenic (18.7%) on tomato. The host range pathogenicity of isolates was determined using four differential hosts (eggplant, turnip, tomato (Ve ? ) and sweet pepper). Among isolates, five were pathogenic to both eggplant and turnip (15.6%), 21 to eggplant, turnip and tomato (65.6%), five to eggplant, turnip, tomato and sweet pepper (15.6%) and one was pathogenic to eggplant, turnip and sweet pepper (3.2%). The pathogenicity of isolates on the aforementioned five hosts was investigated on the basis of external symptoms and by calculating the relative areas under disease progress curves (relative AUDPC). Results showed that eggplant was the most susceptible, followed by turnip and tomato cv. Belladonna, while sweet pepper and tomato cv. Ace 55VF were less susceptible to all the isolates used. The pathogenicity of isolates varied from highly to mildly virulent on eggplant and turnip while on Belladonna, Ace 55VF and sweet pepper it varied from highly virulent to nonpathogenic. Belladonna exhibited a similar level of susceptibility to races 1 and 2 of V. dahliae, but was more susceptible than Ace 55VF to race 2. Interestingly, the isolates originating from eggplant were clearly more virulent than those originating from tomato and black nightshade on all solanaceous plants tested. 相似文献
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K.?B.?Simoglou A.?Karataraki N.?E.?Roditakis E.?RoditakisEmail author 《Journal of pest science》2012,85(2):169-177
The olive is one of the most important crops in Greece as in many Mediterranean countries. Several insects are considered serious pests of the olive crop. In this study, we report two new pests for olive trees in Greece and possibly in the Mediterranean region: the quince moth Euzophera bigella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and the olive leaf gall midge Dasineura oleae (F. Low) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Although E. bigella is not considered a pest of olive trees, in the summer of 2011, the quince moth was recorded for the first time infesting olive trees in several orchards in the rural area of the Municipality of Amphipolis (Region of Central Macedonia). Infestation induced cracking and swelling symptoms on the bark of limbs and the periderm of trunks, accompanied by extensive internal bark necrosis, which caused the desiccation of limbs or even the death of whole trees. D. oleae has been reported infesting olive trees in Greece; however, it was not considered a pest of the crop. In February 2010, extensive infestations by D. oleae were detected in the coastal zone of Elounda, Lassithi (Region of Crete). Infestations were observed on the leaves causing elongate galls and deformations, while in highly infested trees defoliation was reported. Because of the scarceness of these infestations, the results reported in this study are discussed in relation to cases reported from other countries and/or on other crops. In addition, a review of the distribution, biology and control methods of these species is provided in an attempt to summarize the scattered information currently available. 相似文献
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The tansy leaf beetleGaleruca tanaceti (L.) is recorded for the first time in Crete as a pest of oreganoOriganum vulgare (L.). Oregano is an important herb extensively cultivated both in Crete and mainland Greece. The absence of serious pests
due to the production of phenolic compounds and essential oils in the plant tissue has promoted the organic cultivation of
oregano.G. tanaceti is a pest of herbaceous plants that has developed appropriate behavioral and biochemical strategies to circumvent host plant
defences. In addition, the tansy leaf beetle has very few natural enemies and may pose a serious threat to the organic oregano
crops, unless extensive studies of the biology and integrated control of the pest are undertaken.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 18, 2006. 相似文献
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Emmanouil A. Markakis Sotirios E. Tjamos Polymnia P. Antoniou Epaminondas J. Paplomatas Eleftherios C. Tjamos 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(4):603-611
Verticillium wilt is the most serious olive disease in the Mediterranean countries and worldwide. The most effective control
strategy is the use of resistant cultivars. However, limited information is available about the level and source of resistance
in most of the olive cultivars and there are no published data using microsclerotia, the resting structures of Verticillium dahliae, as the infective inoculum. In the present study, we correlated symptomatology and the presence of the fungus along with
the DNA relative amount (molecules μl−1) of a defoliating (D) and a non-defoliating (ND) V. dahliae strain in the susceptible cv. Amfissis and the tolerant cvs Kalamon and Koroneiki, as quantified by the Real-Time QPCR technology.
The viability of the pathogen in the plant tissues was confirmed by isolating the fungus on PDA plates, while symptom assessment
proved the correlation between the DNA relative amount of V. dahliae in plant tissues and cultivar susceptibility. It was further demonstrated that the D and ND strains were present at a significantly
higher level in cv. Amfissis than in cvs Kalamon and Koroneiki. It was finally observed that the relative amount of the pathogen
in roots was lower than in stems and shoots and declined in plant tissues over time. These data constitute a valuable contribution
in evaluating resistance of olive cultivars or olive root-stocks to V. dahliae pathotypes. 相似文献
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Athanasios Exadactylos Emmanouil E Malandrakis Panagiota Panagiotaki Audrey J Geffen 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(12):1912-1925
Growth and variation in size of turbot and sole larvae originating from different genetic sources were compared at different stocking densities, including genetically based information that might lead to a better knowledge of heterogeneity in cultivated populations. There was no effect of density on growth rate in either species. However, between the two sole batches there was an earlier metamorphosis of faster growing fish from Norway. In sole groups after metamorphosis, variation was stable and therefore no development of size variation was observed. There was no density effect on size variation within turbot batches before, or after metamorphosis. Spreading rate and growth rate were positively correlated in sole larvae indicating that growth of the smaller fish was not equal to the larger ones, but size variation followed a different pattern in turbot. No evidence for either overall significant heterozygosity excess, or deficiency was evidenced in the farmed strains of either species . However, significant differences between farmed populations in terms of genetic variability (θ) were reported, which was rather attributed to within differentiation than between strains. One could safely argue that different strains of Dover sole originated from different genetic sources (factorial analysis). Moreover, when the analysis was extended to individual loci to assess whether specific loci had any consistently larger, or smaller effect on heterozygosity, locus specific significant trends were discerned in turbot. A positive Heterozygosity Fitness (growth rate) Correlation (HFC) suggests that heterozygotes reported enhanced growth rates compared with homozygous ones in flatfish larvae, thus special precautions should be taken into account whenever different genetic structure patterns emerge, because of various flatfish broodstock geographical origin and year class samples. 相似文献
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Emmanuel A. Tzortzakakis Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Eleni Nasiou Maria S. Lazanaki Emmanouil M. Kabourakis Juan E. Palomares-Rius Pablo Castillo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,140(3):563-590
The occurrence and geographic distribution of longidorid nematode species inhabiting the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olive and grapevine in Crete Island were investigated. Morphological and morphometrical studies identified five Longidorus and six Xiphinema species, with frequencies of prevalence (for wild and cultivated olives and grapevines, respectively) as follows: Longidorus closelongatus (2.0–13.3 %), L. cretensis (1.0–6.7 %), L. moesicus (13.3 % only in grapevines), L. orientalis (3.3 % only in grapevines), L. pseudoelongatus (7.0 % only in olives), Xiphinema cretense n. sp. (3.0 % only in olives), X. index (3.0–23.3 %), X. israeliae (6.3 % only in olives), X. italiae (3.3–10.0 %), X. pachtaicum (26.7–42 %) and X. simile (3.3 % only in grapevines). Xiphinema cretense n. sp. is characterized by a body size 3,872–6,135 μm long, lip region anteriorly rounded, separated from the rest of the body by a depression, odontostyle and odontophore 140.6 and 80.3 μm long respectively, vulva position at 46.0–50.5 %, female tail 31.0–38.0 μm long, nearly hemispherical with curvature essentially dorsal and with a tip completely rounded or presenting a very short bulge, c ratio (119.1–186.9), c’ ratio (0.7–0.8). Molecular characterisation using D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA and ITS1-rRNA was carried out and maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analysis were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among these species and with other longidorids. 相似文献
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Roditakis Emmanouil Vasakis Emmanouil Grispou Maria Stavrakaki Marianna Nauen Ralf Gravouil Magali Bassi Andrea 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(1):9-16
Journal of Pest Science - The tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is an invasive pest of tomato crops that is rapidly expanding around the world. It is considered a devastating... 相似文献
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Flupyradifurone effectively manages whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato 
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