Comparative efficacy of two single-dose bacterins in the control of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in swine raised under commercial conditions in Brazil     

Baccaro MR  Hirose F  Umehara O  Gonçalves LC  Doto DS  Paixão R  Shinya LT  Moreno AM 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2006,172(3):526-531

A field study was conducted in Brazil to evaluate the efficacy of single vaccination of pigs with two bacterins to prevent Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lung lesions. The first (T1) treatment group (174 pigs) was injected with 2 mL of saline solution; group T2 (177 pigs) with 2 mL of bacterin A, and group T3 (174 pigs) with 2 mL of bacterin B. On days-on-test (DOT) 0, 35, 66, 97 and 125, blood samples and tonsil swabs were collected from selected pigs for antibody determination (indirect ELISA) and PCR assay for the presence of M. hyopneumoniae. Pigs were slaughtered on DOT 126-129 and lung lesions were scored blindly. Bacterin A vaccinated pigs had significantly (P < or = 0.05) lower lung lesion scores (0.2%) than bacterin B (0.4%) or saline-treated pigs (1.2%); there was also a significantly lower (P < or = 0.05) number of pigs with lung lesions (27.1%), than bacterin B (38.2%) or saline-treated (55.4%) pigs. The two vaccines had similar (P>0.05) results in terms of mean weight gain, average daily weight gain, feed efficiency, frequency of PCR positives, and there was similar antibody conversion (ELISA). It was concluded that although the productivity parameters and antibody conversions were similar, bacterin A was more effective in preventing and reducing the severity of lung lesions than bacterin B.  相似文献   

Towards informed metrics for examining the role of human‐induced animal responses in tag studies on wild animals     

Rory P. WILSON  Mark HOLTON  Vianney L. WILSON  Richard GUNNER  Brenda TYSSE  Gwendoline I. WILSON  Flavio QUINTANA  Carlos DUARTE  D. Michael SCANTLEBURY 《Integrative zoology》2019,14(1):17-29

Two prime issues can detrimentally affect animals that have been equipped with tags: (i) the effect of the capture and restraint process; and (ii) the effect of the tag itself. This work examines some of the issues surrounding quantification of tag effects on wild animals for both restrained and free‐living animals. A new method to quantify stress effects based on monitoring ventilation rates in relation to activity is suggested for restrained animals which may help improve the practice of handling animals. It is also suggested that various metrics, many derived from accelerometers, can be examined in tagged wild animals to examine the change in behaviors over time with a view to having a better understanding of welfare issues, assuring the quality of recorded data and informing best practice.  相似文献   

Epidemiological investigations of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in selected districts of Borana zone,Southern Oromia,Ethiopia     

Teshome  Dereje  Sori  Teshale  Sacchini  Flavio  Wieland  Barbara 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(3):703-711

Tropical Animal Health and Production - From November 2016 to April 2017, a cross-sectional study to determine the sero-prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and to investigate...  相似文献   

Effects of carvedilol treatment in dogs with chronic mitral valvular disease     

Marcondes-Santos M  Tarasoutchi F  Mansur AP  Strunz CM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(5):996-1001

BACKGROUND: Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system occurs during the development of heart failure in dogs with chronic mitral valvular disease (CMVD). HYPOTHESIS: The use of beta-blockers to modulate the activation of the sympathetic nervous system would be useful in dogs with CMVD. ANIMALS: Group A included 13 dogs who received the conventional treatment (digoxin, benazepril, a reduced sodium diet, and codeine, and a diuretic when indicated), and group B included 12 dogs who received the protocol above plus carvedilol (0.3 mg/kg q12h). METHODS: Blinded, placebo, controlled study. RESULTS: The main echodopplercardiographic variables, heart rate, biochemical data, functional classification (FC) (New York Heart Association) and quality of life score (functional evaluation of cardiac health questionnaire) were assessed at baseline (TO) and after 3 months (T1). Only group B showed improvement in score of quality of life (13.8 +/- 8.8 versus 6.0 +/- 6.3; P < .001), in FC (2.4 - 0.9 versus 1.8 +/- 0.7; P = .032) and a reduction in systolic blood pressure (151.2 +/- 18.3 versus 124.5 +/- 23.4; P = .021). Two deaths from group A and 1 from B were related to CMVD. CONCLUSION: The studied dose of carvedilol in this group did not improve the sympathetic activation and echocardiographic variables over 3 months of chronic oral treatment. However, the results suggested a beneficial effect on the quality of life score, functional classification, and a reduction on systolic blood pressure.  相似文献   

A Comparison of Microbial Bioaugmentation and Biostimulation for Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Wastewater     

Filipe Selau Carlos  Patricia Giovanella  Jovana Bavaresco  Clarissa de Souza Borges  Flavio Anastácio de Oliveira Camargo 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(6):175

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Local infection associated with vascular bundles: the colonization of coconut palm leaflets by two <Emphasis Type="Italic">Camarotella</Emphasis> species     

Kelly Lana Araújo  Silvaldo Felipe da Silveira  Vicente Mussi-Dias  Juan Manuel Anda Rocabado  Flavio Costa Miguens 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(2):413-422

Two Camarotella (Phyllachoraceae) species, C. torrendiella and C. acrocomiae are the causative agents of small (SV) and large verrucosis (LV), respectively, which are important diseases affecting Brazilian coconut palms. The small verrucosis produces necrotic lesions in coconut palm leaflets, whereas LV just produces chlorosis. Semi-thin sections of asymptomatic leaflets and of leaves presenting stromata in different development stages were compared through light microscopy in order to characterize the colonization process of these two coconut palm verrucosis agents. Camarotella torrendiella initially colonized the adaxial epidermal cells and the cells underlying the epidermis close to the vascular bundles. In latter colonization stages, the hyphae of C. torrendiella remained limited to the underlying necrotic tissue adjacent to the mature stromata, mostly in the intracellular spaces and in the collapsing cells of necrotized tissues around the vascular bundles. This species does not colonize intracellular intact fiber cells, xylem vessels or phloem sieve tube elements. In contrast, C. acrocomiae presented a typical biotrophic parasitism model such as that of some gramineous Phyllachora spp. High densities of C. acrocomiae hyphae were found inside intact sieve tube elements; however, with no evidence of cellular death. The extensive hyphal colonization by C. acrocomiae within sieve tube elements was also observed in tertiary and quaternary bundles, as well as in anastomosing vascular bundles. The dependence of both species on the colonization sites associated with vascular bundles indicates the need for additional studies about these intricate host-pathogen relationships. These studies could be important to define new strategies to control coconut palm verrucosis diseases.  相似文献   

Removal of Phenolic Compounds from Aqueous Solutions Using Sludge-Based Activated Carbons Prepared by Conventional Heating and Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis     

Glaydson S. dos Reis  Matthew A. Adebayo  Carlos H. Sampaio  Eder C. Lima  Pascal S. Thue  Irineu A. S. de Brum  Silvio L. P. Dias  Flavio A. Pavan 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(1):33

Sludge-derived activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by conventional heating and microwave pyrolysis. The ACs were characterized using several analytical and functional techniques and used for removal of six phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents exhibited similar features and possessed hydrophobic surfaces. The ACs were assigned mesoporous materials, with specific surface areas of up to 641 and 540 m² g^?1 for CAC-500 and MAC-980, respectively. The preliminary results indicated that phenol removal onto the ACs increased in the order: m-cresol?<?phenol?<?o-cresol?<?2-chrorophenol?<?2-nitrophenol?<?hydroquinone. Hydroquinone exhibited the highest adsorption capacity and was chosen to continue the remaining part of the experimental work—kinetic and isothermal studies. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm data were well described by the Avrami fractionary order and Redlich–Peterson models, respectively. The maximum amounts (Q _max) of hydroquinone adsorbed at 25 °C were too high, reaching 1218.3 and 1202.1 mg g^?1 for CAC-500 and MAC-980, respectively. The mechanism of adsorption was proposed in this work, and it was suggested that donor–acceptor complex and π–π interactions play major roles in the adsorption process. The adsorbents were also tested on simulated effluents. The two ACs displayed good efficiency for the treatment of industrial simulated effluents.  相似文献   

Genetic monitoring of deep‐water exploited banks of the precious Sardinia coral Corallium rubrum (L., 1758): useful data for a sustainable management          下载免费PDF全文

Rita Cannas  Flavio Sacco  Alessandro Cau  Danila Cuccu  Maria Cristina Follesa  Angelo Cau 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(2):236-250

Thermographic Assessment of Saddles Used on Jumping Horses     

Tiago Z. Arruda  Karin Erica Brass  Flavio D. De La Corte 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2011,31(11):625-629

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A minor role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the control of a primary infection of cattle with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides     

Sacchini F  Naessens J  Awino E  Heller M  Hlinak A  Haider W  Sterner-Kock A  Jores J 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):77

ABSTRACT: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, is an important livestock disease in Africa. The current control measures rely on a vaccine with limited efficacy and occasional severe side effects. Knowledge of the protective arms of immunity involved in this disease will be beneficial for the development of an improved vaccine. In previous studies on cattle infected with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, a correlation was detected between the levels of mycoplasma-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes and reduced clinical signs. However, no cause and effect has been established, and the role of such cells and of protective responses acquired during a primary infection is not known.We investigated the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in CBPP by comparing disease patterns and post mortem findings between CD4+ T cell depleted and non-depleted cattle. The depletion was carried out using several injections of BoCD4 specific murine monoclonal antibody on day 6 after experimental endotracheal infection with the strain Afadé. All cattle were monitored clinically daily and sacrificed 28-30 days post-infection. Statistically significant but small differences were observed in the mortality rate between the depleted and non-depleted animals. However, no differences in clinical parameters (fever, signs of respiratory distress) and pathological lesions were observed, despite elimination of CD4+ T cells for more than a week. The slightly higher mortality in the depleted group suggests a minor role of CD4+ T cells in control of CBPP.  相似文献