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Janina Bartels Silke Hecht Gordon A. Conklin Sun Xiaocun 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(2):184-191
As gadolinium‐based contrast agents are paramagnetic and have T2 shortening effects, they have the potential to adversely affect gradient recalled echo sequences. The aim of this prospective, cross‐sectional study was to evaluate the effects of gadolinium administration on T2*‐weighted sequence diagnostic quality and signal intensity when imaging the canine brain. A total of 100 dogs underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including pre‐ and postcontrast T2*‐weighted sequences acquired with a delay (Group A) or immediately (Group B) following gadolinium administration. Pre‐ and postcontrast images were subjectively compared. In dogs with intracranial enhancing masses, regions of interest were drawn on corresponding images and signal intensity ratios were calculated. The effect of degree and pattern of contrast enhancement, susceptibility artifacts, and time between contrast injection and T2*‐weighted sequence acquisition on signal intensity ratio was evaluated. Overall 31 dogs had contrast enhancing intracranial masses. Subjectively, there was no difference in image quality of T2*‐weighted sequences obtained before and after contrast medium administration. No significant signal intensity differences of intracranial contrast enhancing masses were found (Group A P = 0.9999; Group B P = 0.9992). Susceptibility artifacts did not differ in appearance, and there was no effect on calculated signal intensity ratio (P = 0.8142). Similarly, there was no effect of degree of enhancement or contrast heterogeneity on signal intensity ratio (P = 0.4413). No correlation was found between signal intensity ratio and the time to acquisition (P = 0.199). Administration of gadolinium‐based MRI contrast agents does not adversely affect T2*‐weighted imaging of the brain in dogs at 1.5 T even in the presence of contrast enhancing lesions. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and the antitumor effect of rapamycin in canine osteosarcoma cells. SAMPLE POPULATION: 3 established primary canine osteosarcoma cell lines generated from naturally developing tumors. PROCEDURES: Expression of total and phosphorylated mTOR and p70S6 kinase was assessed by use of western blot analysis in canine osteosarcoma cells with and without the addition of rapamycin. A clonogenic assay was performed to determine the surviving fraction of osteosarcoma cells at various concentrations of rapamycin. RESULTS: Total and phosphorylated mTOR and p70S6 kinase expression was evident in all 3 cell lines evaluated, which was indicative of activation of this pathway. Treatment with rapamycin resulted in a time-dependent decrease in phosphorylated mTOR expression and a lack of detectable phosphorylated p70S6 kinase. No detectable change in expression of total mTOR and total p70S6 kinase was identified after rapamycin treatment. The clonogenic assay revealed a significant dose-dependent decrease in the surviving fraction for all 3 cell lines when treated with rapamycin. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These data indicated that mTOR and its downstream product are present and active in canine osteosarcoma cells. The pathway can be inhibited by rapamycin, and treatment of cells with rapamycin decreased the surviving tumor cell fraction. These data support the molecular basis for further investigation into the use of mTOR inhibitors as an antineoplastic approach for dogs with osteosarcoma. 相似文献
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Longitudinal Analysis of Quality of Life,Clinical, Radiographic,Echocardiographic, and Laboratory Variables in Dogs with Preclinical Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease Receiving Pimobendan or Placebo: The EPIC Study
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A. Boswood S.G. Gordon J. Häggström G. Wess R.L. Stepien M.A. Oyama B.W. Keene J. Bonagura K.A. MacDonald M. Patteson S. Smith P.R. Fox K. Sanderson R. Woolley V. Szatmári P. Menaut W.M. Church M.L. O'Sullivan J.‐P. Jaudon J.‐G. Kresken J. Rush K.A. Barrett S.L. Rosenthal A.B. Saunders I. Ljungvall M. Deinert E. Bomassi A.H. Estrada M.J. Fernandez Del Palacio N.S. Moise J.A. Abbott Y. Fujii A. Spier M.W. Luethy R.A. Santilli M. Uechi A. Tidholm C. Schummer P. Watson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):72-85
Background
Changes in clinical variables associated with the administration of pimobendan to dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD ) and cardiomegaly have not been described.Objectives
To investigate the effect of pimobendan on clinical variables and the relationship between a change in heart size and the time to congestive heart failure (CHF ) or cardiac‐related death (CRD ) in dogs with MMVD and cardiomegaly. To determine whether pimobendan‐treated dogs differ from dogs receiving placebo at onset of CHF .Animals
Three hundred and fifty‐four dogs with MMVD and cardiomegaly.Materials and Methods
Prospective, blinded study with dogs randomized (ratio 1:1) to pimobendan (0.4–0.6 mg/kg/d) or placebo. Clinical, laboratory, and heart‐size variables in both groups were measured and compared at different time points (day 35 and onset of CHF ) and over the study duration. Relationships between short‐term changes in echocardiographic variables and time to CHF or CRD were explored.Results
At day 35, heart size had reduced in the pimobendan group: median change in (Δ) LVIDDN ?0.06 (IQR : ?0.15 to +0.02), P < 0.0001, and LA :Ao ?0.08 (IQR : ?0.23 to +0.03), P < 0.0001. Reduction in heart size was associated with increased time to CHF or CRD . Hazard ratio for a 0.1 increase in ΔLVIDDN was 1.26, P = 0.0003. Hazard ratio for a 0.1 increase in ΔLA :Ao was 1.14, P = 0.0002. At onset of CHF , groups were similar.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Pimobendan treatment reduces heart size. Reduced heart size is associated with improved outcome. At the onset of CHF , dogs treated with pimobendan were indistinguishable from those receiving placebo.999.
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T. Gordon Coward 《The Journal of small animal practice》1964,5(3):245-247
Abstract— -Two cases of oesophageal dilatation occurring in a litter of Great Dane puppies are described. These dilatations were due to a congenital anomaly of the aortic arches causing constriction of the oesophagus. A comparison is made with a previous case.
Résumé— –L'auteur rapporte deux cas de dilatation oesophagienne survenus dans une portée de chiots Dogues allemands. Ces dilatations étaient dues à une anomalie congénitale de la crosse de l'aorte provoquant une constriction de l'oesophage. L'auteur les compare à un cas antérieur.
Zusammenfassung— Zwei Fälle einer Erweiterung der Speiseröhre bei einem Wurf junger Hunde (grosse Doggen) werden beschrieben. Diese Erweiterungen wurden nötig aufgrund einer angeborenen Anomalie der Aortenbögen, die eine Verengung der Speiseröhre verursachten. Ein Vergleich mit einem früheren Fall wird angestellt. 相似文献
Résumé— –L'auteur rapporte deux cas de dilatation oesophagienne survenus dans une portée de chiots Dogues allemands. Ces dilatations étaient dues à une anomalie congénitale de la crosse de l'aorte provoquant une constriction de l'oesophage. L'auteur les compare à un cas antérieur.
Zusammenfassung— Zwei Fälle einer Erweiterung der Speiseröhre bei einem Wurf junger Hunde (grosse Doggen) werden beschrieben. Diese Erweiterungen wurden nötig aufgrund einer angeborenen Anomalie der Aortenbögen, die eine Verengung der Speiseröhre verursachten. Ein Vergleich mit einem früheren Fall wird angestellt. 相似文献