Wie lange dauert ein Hausbockbefall?     

Hans Wichmand 《Journal of pest science》1941,17(2):21-24

Ohne Zusammenfassung (Mit 1 Abbildung)  相似文献   

Sediment management and the renewability of floodplain clay for structural ceramics     

Michiel J. van der Meulen  Ane P. Wiersma  Marcel van der Perk  Hans Middelkoop  Noortje Hobo 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(6):627-639

Background, aim, and scope  

The Netherlands has vast resources of clay that are exploited for the fabrication of structural ceramic products such as bricks and roof tiles. Most clay is extracted from the so-called embanked floodplains along the rivers Rhine and Meuse, areas that are flooded during high-discharge conditions. Riverside clay extraction is—at least in theory—compensated by deposition. Based on a sediment balance (deposition versus extraction), we explore the extent to which clay can be regarded as a renewable resource, with potential for sustainable use. Beyond that, we discuss the implications for river and sediment management, especially for the large engineering works that are to be undertaken to increase the discharge capacities of the Rhine and Meuse.  相似文献   

Verzehrt der Hase Mäuse?     

Petzsch  Hans 《Journal of pest science》1952,25(3):43-45

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Vergleich der serologischen Diagnose von Mosaikviren an Kartoffelkeimen und der Beurteilung nach der Keimfärbung     

Hans Wenzl 《Potato Research》1965,8(2):68-79

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Prof. Dr. SC. Gisela Höflich zum 65 geburtstag     

Hans‐Jürgen Wolf 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4):267-270

Auch die K‐Werte im Unterboden sind primär durch den unterschiedlichen Tongehalt der Versuchsböden determiniert. Durch differenzierte K‐Düngung verursachte negative bzw. positive K‐Bilanzen führen im Unterboden zu geringeren Veränderungen der K‐Werte als im Oberboden: Der K_t‐Gehalt wird durch K‐Düngung im Mittel der drei Dauerversuche gegenüber K‐Mangel in der Krume um 36 mg/100 g, im Unterboden um 14 mg/100 g erhöht. Dieser Unterschied widerspiegelt sich in allen anderen Werten des K‐Status (K_HCI, K_e, K_w, K_DL) und der K‐Dynamik (K‐Sorption, K‐Desorption, K‐Fixierung). Die relative Veränderung der K‐Kennwerte nimmt mit steigendem Tongehalt ab und ist am deutlichsten bei verschiedenen Werten des labilen Kaliums. Das Verhältnis des K_DL zur Summe des wasserlöslichen plus austauschbaren Kaliums beträgt im Unterboden der K‐Mangelvarianten 34% in Lauchstädt, 56% in Halle und 136% in Thyrow; die entsprechenden Werte in den Volldüngungsvarianten betragen 40, 61 und 200%.  相似文献   

Einfluss unterschiedlicher ct‐gehalte von Böden des thyrower bodenfruchtbarkeitsversuches auf Ertrag sowie boden‐ und düngerstickstoffaufnahme im gefässversuch     

Heinz Benkenstein  Hans Pagel  Wolfgang Krüger 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):225-233

In einem dreijährigen Gefäßversuch wurde der Einfluß unterschiedlicher C‐Gehalte von Böden aus dem “Thyrower Bodenfruchtbarkeitsversuch”; auf den Ertrag von Roggen und Ölrettich sowie deren Boden‐ und Düngerstickstoffaufnahme geprüft. Bei Roggen führte höherer Humusgehalt nur bei Unterlassung einer mineralischen Stickstoffdüngung zu höheren Erträgen, beim nachgebauten Ölrettich auch in der gedüngten Variante. Eine bessere Ausnutzung des Düngerstickstoffs bei höherem Humusgehalt und eine Mehrmobilisation von Bodenstickstoff durch mineralische Stickstoffdüngung konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Von dem nach Versuchsabschluß im Boden verbleibenden Düngerstickstoff wurden zwischen 70 ... 90 % als Bestandteil von Humusfraktionen ermittelt.  相似文献   

Overexpression of the sterol 14α-demethylase gene (MgCYP51) in Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates confers a novel azole fungicide sensitivity phenotype     

Cools HJ  Bayon C  Atkins S  Lucas JA  Fraaije BA 《Pest management science》2012,68(7):1034-1040

BACKGROUND: The recent evolution towards resistance to azole fungicides in European populations of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola has been caused by the progressive accumulation of mutations in MgCYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α‐demethylase. Particular combinations of mutations have been shown specifically to affect the interaction of the MgCYP51 protein with different members of the azole class. Although additional mechanisms, including increased MgCYP51 expression and enhanced active efflux, have been proposed, the genetic changes underlying these mechanisms are unknown. RESULTS: Analysis of the azole sensitivities of recent M. graminicola isolates identified a novel phenotype, seemingly independent of changes in MgCYP51 coding sequence. Characterised by a 7‐16‐fold reduction in in vitro sensitivity to all azoles tested and by growth on seedlings at higher doses of azoles in glasshouse tests compared with isolates carrying the same MgCYP51 variant (L50S, S188N, I381V, ΔY459/G460, N513K), isolates with this phenotype constitutively overexpress MgCYP51 by between 10‐ and 40‐fold compared with the wild type. Analysis of sequences upstream of the predicted MgCYP51 translation start codon identified a novel 120 bp indel, considered to be an insertion, in isolates overexpressing MgCYP51. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of an insertion in the predicted MgCYP51 promoter in azole‐resistant isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 is the first report of a genetic mechanism, other than changes in target‐site coding sequence, affecting sensitivity to multiple azoles in field isolates of M. graminicola. The identification of recent isolates overexpressing MgCYP51 confirms the ongoing evolution and diversification of resistance mechanisms in European populations of M. graminicola. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Regional Risks for Biogas Production in Germany by the Maize Pest Diabrotica v. virgifera？     

Arno Deuker  Walter Stinner  Nadja Rensberg  Lucas Wagner  Hans E. Hummel 《农业科学与技术》2012,(6):749-764

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Abnormal sebaceous gland differentiation in 10 kittens ('sebaceous gland dysplasia') associated with generalized hypotrichosis and scaling     

Yager JA  Gross TL  Shearer D  Rothstein E  Power H  Sinke JD  Kraus H  Gram D  Cowper E  Foster A  Welle M 《Veterinary dermatology》2012,23(2):136-44, e30

A rare congenital dermatosis, characterized by progressive hypotrichosis with variable scaling and crusting, occurred in 10 short-haired kittens in North America and Europe. Lesions appeared at between 4 and 12 weeks of age, commencing on the head and becoming generalized. The tail was spared in two kittens. Generalized scaling was mild to moderate, often with prominent follicular casts. Periocular, perioral, pinnal and ear canal crusting was occasionally severe. The skin was thick and wrinkled in two kittens. Histologically, the main lesion was abnormal sebaceous gland morphology. Instead of regular differentiation from basal cells to mature sebocytes, the glands were composed of a haphazard collection of undifferentiated basaloid cells, some partly vacuolated and a few containing eosinophilic globules. Mitotic figures and apoptotic cells were present in an irregularly thickened follicular isthmus. Lymphocytic mural folliculitis and mild sebaceous adenitis were rare. Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and follicular casts were present. Hair follicles were of normal density and were mostly in anagen, but some contained malacic hair shafts. Perforating folliculitis, leading to dermal trichogranuloma formation, occurred occasionally. Further biopsy samples taken at 2 years and at 3 and 4 years, respectively, from two kittens revealed similar but often more severe sebaceous gland lesions. Hair follicles were smaller, with many in telogen. The young age of onset suggests a genetic defect interfering with sebaceous and, possibly, follicular development. These lesions are discussed with reference to studies of mouse mutants in which genetic defects in sebaceous differentiation cause a similar phenotype of hyperkeratosis and progressive alopecia.  相似文献   

Expression of late viral proteins is restricted in nasal mucosal leucocytes but not in epithelial cells during early-stage equine herpes virus-1 infection     

Gryspeerdt AC  Vandekerckhove AP  Baghi HB  Van de Walle GR  Nauwynck HJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(2):576-578

Equine herpes virus (EHV)-1 replicates in the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract and reaches the lamina propria and bloodstream in infected mononuclear cells. This study evaluated expression of the late viral proteins gB, gC, gD and gM in respiratory epithelial and mononuclear cells using: (1) epithelial-like rabbit kidney cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with EHV-1 in vitro; (2) an equine ex vivo nasal explant system; and (3) nasal mucosa tissue of ponies infected in vivo. The viral proteins were expressed in all late-infected epithelial cells, whereas expression was not observed in infected leucocytes where proteins gB and gM were expressed in 60-90%, and proteins gC and gD in only 20% of infected cells, respectively. The results indicate that expression of these viral proteins during early-stage EHV-1 infection is highly dependent on the cell type infected.  相似文献