Ist die Bisamratte ein Fischschädling?     

Erich Blaser 《Journal of pest science》1953,26(2):26-27

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Combined oxygen-antibiotic treatment of severe peritonitis     

E Blaser 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1969,111(11):645-650

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Evidence from numerical experiments for a feedback dynamo generating Mercury's magnetic field     

Heyner D  Wicht J  Gómez-Pérez N  Schmitt D  Auster HU  Glassmeier KH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6063):1690-1693

The observed weakness of Mercury's magnetic field poses a long-standing puzzle to dynamo theory. Using numerical dynamo simulations, we show that it could be explained by a negative feedback between the magnetospheric and the internal magnetic fields. Without feedback, a small internal field was amplified by the dynamo process up to Earth-like values. With feedback, the field strength saturated at a much lower level, compatible with the observations at Mercury. The classical saturation mechanism via the Lorentz force was replaced by the external field impact. The resulting surface field was dominated by uneven harmonic components. This will allow the feedback model to be distinguished from other models once a more accurate field model is constructed from MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) and BepiColombo data.  相似文献   

Ureaform as a Slow Release Fertilizer: A Review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Alvin Alexander  Hans-Ulrich Helm 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1990,153(4):249-255

Ureaform (UF) is a condensation product between urea and formaldehyde consisting of short chains from methylene-diurea to tetramethylenepentaurea. The rate of nitrogen release is mainly related to chain solubility. The mineralization of UF is governed by microbial activity. A wide spectrum of organisms is known to be involved. The degradation is mainly influenced by the biological fertility of the soil, temperature and to a limited degree by moisture, whereas pH and particle size have no pronounced effect. The importance of the activity index (A.I.) as a unit to evaluate the quality of an UF product and the versatility of the UF system in general are discussed. More recent trial results with UF products show the beneficial effects of the particular kind of slow release nitrogen fertilizer in meeting needs for improved fertility management and reduced pollution of drainage waters.  相似文献   

Structural profiling and quantification of sphingomyelin in human breast milk by HPLC-MS/MS     

Blaas N  Schüürmann C  Bartke N  Stahl B  Humpf HU 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(11):6018-6024

The sphingolipid composition of food as well as of physiological samples has received considerable interest due to their positive biological activities. This study quantified the total amount of sphingomyelin (SM) in 20 human breast milk samples from healthy volunteers and determined the structures of SM by detailed mass spectrometric studies in combination with enzymatic cleavage. The quantification of SM was performed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) measuring the characteristic fragment ion of the phosphorylcholine group at m/z 184.2 and by using hexanoylsphingomyelin (C6-SM) and heptadecanoylsphingomyelin (C17-SM) as internal standards. The structures of SM species were identified after enzymatic cleavage with alkaline sphingomyelinase (SMase) to the corresponding ceramides. Structure elucidation of the sphingoid base and fatty acid backbone was performed by reversed-phase HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The method includes the sphingoid bases dihydrosphingosine (d18:0), sphingosine (d18:1(Δ4)), 4,8-sphingadienine (d18:2(Δ4,8)), 4-hydroxysphinganine (phytosphingosine (t18:0)), and 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine (t18:1(Δ8)) and fatty acids with even-numbered carbon atoms (C12-C26) as well as their (poly)unsaturated and monohydroxylated analogues. The total amount of SM in human breast milk varied from 3.87 to 9.07 mg/100 g fresh weight. Sphingosine (d18:1) was the predominant sphingoid base, with 83.6 ± 3.5% in human breast milk, followed by 4,8-sphingadienine (d18:2) (7.2 ± 1.9%) and 4-hydroxysphinganine (t18:0) (5.7 ± 0.7%). The main SM species contained sphingosine and palmitic acid (14.9 ± 2.2%), stearic acid (12.7 ± 1.5%), docosanoic acid (16.2 ± 3.6%), and tetracosenoic acid (15.0 ± 3.1%). Interestingly, the fatty acid composition of SM species in this study differs from the total fatty acids in human breast milk, and the fatty acids are not consistently distributed among the different sphingoid bases.  相似文献   

Composting carcass tissue in controlled composting columns     

L.M. Cottle  L.A. Baker  R.E. DeOtte Jr.  B.W. Auvermann  J.L. Pipkin  D.R. Topliff  B. Blaser 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

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Intestinal metabolism of two A-type procyanidins using the pig cecum model: detailed structure elucidation of unknown catabolites with Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS)     

Engemann A  Hübner F  Rzeppa S  Humpf HU 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(3):749-757

Procyanidins, as important secondary plant metabolites in fruits, berries, and beverages such as cacao and tea, are supposed to have positive health impacts, although their bioavailability is yet not clear. One important aspect for bioavailability is intestinal metabolism. The investigation of the microbial catabolism of A-type procyanidins is of great importance due to their more complex structure in comparison to B-type procyanidins. A-type procyanidins exhibit an additional ether linkage between the flavan-3-ol monomers. In this study two A-type procyanidins, procyanidin A2 and cinnamtannin B1, were incubated in the pig cecum model to mimic the degradation caused by the microbiota. Both A-type procyanidins were degraded by the microbiota. Procyanidin A2 as a dimer was degraded by about 80% and cinnamtannin B1 as a trimer by about 40% within 8 h of incubation. Hydroxylated phenolic compounds were quantified as degradation products. In addition, two yet unknown catabolites were identified, and the structures were elucidated by Fourier transform mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

Correlation of the alkaloid content and composition of narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) to aphid susceptibility     

Jasmin Philippi  Edgar Schliephake  Hans-Ulrich Jürgens  Gisela Jansen  Frank Ordon 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(2):359-373

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Deconjugation and degradation of flavonol glycosides by pig cecal microbiota characterized by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)     

Hein EM  Rose K  van't Slot G  Friedrich AW  Humpf HU 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(6):2281-2290

As the bioavailability of flavonoids is influenced by intestinal metabolism, we have investigated the microbial deconjugation and degradation of several flavonols and flavonol glycosides using the pig cecum in vitro model system developed in our group. For this model system the microbiota was directly isolated from the cecal lumen of freshly slaughtered pigs. The characterization of the cecal microbiota by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 16S rRNA-based oligonucleotide probes confirmed the suitability of the model system for studying intestinal metabolism by the human microbiota. We have investigated the microbial degradation of quercetin-3-O-beta-d-rutinoside 1, quercetin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside 2, quercetin-4'-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside 3, quercetin-3-O-beta-d-galactopyranoside 4, quercetin-3- O-beta-d-rhamnopyranoside 5, quercetin-3- O-[alpha-l-dirhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside 6, kaempferol-3-O-[alpha-l-dirhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside 7, apigenin 8, apigenin-8- C-glucoside (vitexin) 9, and feruloyl-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside 10 (100 microM), representing flavonoids with different aglycones, sugar moieties, and types of glycosidic bonds. The degradation rate was monitored using HPLC-DAD. The flavonol O-glycosides under study were almost completely metabolized by the intestinal microbiota within 20 min and 4 h depending on the sugar moiety and the type of glycosidic bond. The degradation rates of the quercetin monoglycosides showed a clear dependency on the hydroxyl pattern of the sugar moiety. The degradation of 2 with all hydroxyl groups of the glucose in the equatorial position was the fastest. The intestinal metabolism of di- and trisaccharides was much slower compared to the monoglycosides. The structure of the aglycone has not much influence on the intestinal metabolism; however, the type of glycosidic bond ( C- or O-glycoside) has substantial influence on the degradation rate. The liberated aglycones were completely metabolized within 8 h. Phenolic compounds such as 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 12, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 13, and phloroglucinol 18 were detected by GC-MS as main degradation products.  相似文献   

Die braunen waldböden ungarns: P. Stefanovits. Akadémiai Kiado,Budapest, 1971, 204 pp., S 10.40     

Peter Blaser 《Geoderma》1973,9(2):153

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