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排序方式: 共有115条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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Shiaki Takagi Lanlan Bai Tomomitsu Ozeki Hikaru Miyagi Kengo Kuroda Shunji Hayashi Hiroshi Yoneyama Tasuke Ando Emiko Isogai 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(3):342-346
The cathelicidin family is one of the several families of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). A bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP‐28) belongs to this family. Recently, the emergence of drug‐resistant bacteria such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a big problem. AMPs are expected to be leading compounds of new antibiotics against drug‐resistant bacteria. In this study, we focused on the activity of BMAP‐28 against bacterial cell surfaces. First, we observed morphological change of MRSA caused by BMAP‐28 using a scanning probe microscope. We also studied activities of BMAP‐28 against adherence of S. aureus to fibronectin, collagen type I, collagen type IV. We confirmed whether BMAP‐28 can bind to lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of S. aureus. BMAP‐28 was indicated as damaging the cell surface of MRSA. In a particular range of concentrations, BMAP‐28 promoted adherence of S. aureus against fibronectin and collagens. It was revealed that BMAP‐28 and LTA of S. aureus bound with each other. Our study showed the potential of BMAP‐28 which can damage MRSA and interact with LTA of S. aureus but promote its adherence in some concentrations. This study provides new points of which to take notice when we use AMPs as medicines. 相似文献
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Karpova NN Pickenhagen A Lindholm J Tiraboschi E Kulesskaya N Agústsdóttir A Antila H Popova D Akamine Y Bahi A Sullivan R Hen R Drew LJ Castrén E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6063):1731-1734
Antidepressant drugs and psychotherapy combined are more effective in treating mood disorders than either treatment alone, but the neurobiological basis of this interaction is unknown. To investigate how antidepressants influence the response of mood-related systems to behavioral experience, we used a fear-conditioning and extinction paradigm in mice. Combining extinction training with chronic fluoxetine, but neither treatment alone, induced an enduring loss of conditioned fear memory in adult animals. Fluoxetine treatment increased synaptic plasticity, converted the fear memory circuitry to a more immature state, and acted through local brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Fluoxetine-induced plasticity may allow fear erasure by extinction-guided remodeling of the memory circuitry. Thus, the pharmacological effects of antidepressants need to be combined with psychological rehabilitation to reorganize networks rendered more plastic by the drug treatment. 相似文献
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Akiko Sakuma Shizuka Sugawara Hikaru Hidaka Mitsuru Nakajo Yoshihito Suda Tomoyuki Shimazu Michael T. Rose Megumi Urakawa Tao Zhuang Guoqi Zhao Kouichi Watanabe Tomonori Nochi Haruki Kitazawa Kazuo Katoh Keiichi Suzuki Hisashi Aso 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) is caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp) and is a common chronic respiratory disease of pigs. Recently, a genetically selected variant of the Landrace pig (Miyagino L2) has a lower incidence of pulmonary MPS lesions. We investigated the pathological and immunological characteristics of MPS resistance in these pigs (n = 24) by comparing with the normal landrace pig (control: n = 24). The pathological MPS lung lesion score in MPS‐selected landrace pigs was significantly lower than in the control. The gene expression of interleukin (IL)‐12p40, which acts as a chemoattractant and a component of the bioactive cytokines IL‐12 and IL‐23, was significantly higher at the hilar lymph nodes, lung, and spleen in MPS‐selected landrace pigs than in control landrace pigs, and these were negatively correlated with the macroscopic MPS lung lesion score. In summary, we demonstrate that resistance against MPS in Miyagino L2 pigs is associated with IL‐12p40 up‐regulation, in comparison with normal landrace pigs without the MPS vaccine. In addition, a comparative study of macroscopic MPS lung lesions and IL‐12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes may lead to beneficial selection traits for the genetic selection for MPS resistance in pigs. 相似文献
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Takaaki Fujimoto Keisuke Kawakami Haruhisa Aimi Jun-ichi Shimizu Koichi Hasegawa Hikaru Kobori Satoru Tsuchikawa 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(5):383-388
This study examined the feasibility of near infrared spectroscopy as a novel technique for log assessment on the basis of wood property. Near infrared (NIR) spectra were obtained from the transverse section of green log and multivariate regression analysis was carried out to predict the stiffness of veneer processed from the log. The stiffness of the veneer was dynamic modulus of elasticity measured using ultrasonic method. The calibrations of veneer stiffness had moderate relationships between measured and NIR-predicted values, with regression coefficients ranging from 0.84 to 0.88. The calibration equations were applied to the test set and it was found that predictions were also well fitted, with regression coefficients ranging from 0.67 to 0.89. The results indicate that the variation of wood stiffness within the logs could be assessed using the NIR spectra from the cross-section of logs. The spectra were obtained from green condition of the log and the stiffness of veneer was measured after kiln drying. Thus, the results imply that the wood stiffness in dry condition could be predicted using the spectra collected from green logs. If the models obtained in this study put into the imaging system, the two-dimensional map of the stiffness would be visualized on the cross-section of logs. The NIR spectroscopy coupled with imaging system could compensate the weak point of the traditional methods for log assessment. 相似文献
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Tomonori Kume Yuka Onozawa Hikaru Komatsu Kenji Tsuruta Yoshinori Shinohara Toshihiro Umebayashi Kyoichi Otsuki 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
The applicability of sap flux (Fd) measurements to bamboo forests has not been studied. This study was undertaken to establish an optimal and effective design for stand-scale transpiration (E) estimates in a Moso bamboo forest. To this aim, we validated Fd measurements in Moso bamboos in a cut bamboo experiment. In addition, we analyzed how sample sizes affect the reliability of E estimates calculated from Fd and conducting culm area (AS_b). In the cut bamboo experiments, we found that Fd measurement using a 10 mm probe was a valid means of determining the water-use behavior of a Moso bamboo, although a specific correction was needed. Furthermore, we calculated E from stand AS_b (AS_stand) and mean stand Fd (JS). Employing Monte Carlo analysis, we examined potential errors associated with sample size in E, AS_stand, and JS using an original dataset with AS_b and Fd measured for 40 and 16 individuals, respectively. Consequently, we determined the optimal sample size for both AS_stand and JS estimates as 11. The optimal sample sizes for JS were almost the same under different vapor pressure deficit and soil moisture conditions. The optimal sample size for JS at the study site was less than that of a coniferous plantation in the same region probably owing to small individual-to-individual variations in sap flux in the Moso bamboo forest. Our study concludes that sap flux measurements are an applicable technique for assessing water use in Moso bamboo forests. 相似文献
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Ken-ichiro Yamashita Hikaru Tsukazaki Akio Kojima Takayoshi Ohara Tadayuki Wako 《Euphytica》2010,173(3):357-367
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an indispensable trait for F1 hybrid seed production in bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.). Expansion of the cytoplasmic diversity of F1 hybrid cultivars by introduction of various CMS resources has great potential to eliminate vulnerability to cytoplasm type-specific
diseases. This study aimed to evaluate appearance frequency of male sterile plants in several bunching onion accessions and
to identify CMS resources. In eight (‘Nogiwa Aigara’, ‘Bansei Hanegi’, ‘Amarume’, ‘Kimnung’, ‘Zhangqiu’, ‘INT/CHN/1990/GOTOU’,
‘Natsunegi’ and ‘Guangzhou’) of 135 accessions collected from Japan, China, Mongolia, Korea and Taiwan, male sterile plants
appeared with varied frequencies from 1.7% (‘Nogiwa Aigara’ and ‘Bansei Hanegi’) to 24.5% (‘Zhangqiu’). The inheritance mode
of Zhangqiu- and Guangzhou-derived male sterility was confirmed to be CMS by sib-crossings and interbreed crossings. Microscopic
examination of microsporogenesis in the CMS plants revealed that microspore protoplasm rapidly degenerated without mitotic
division after the release of microspores from tetrads. The CMS germplasm described here would be useful for the development
of “A” lines to be used in F1 hybrid seed production of bunching onion. Male fertility in ‘Nogiwa Aigara’, ‘Bansei Hanegi’, ‘Kimnung’, ‘INT/CHN/1990/GOTOU’
and ‘Natsunegi’ was verified to be controlled by a single fertility restoration locus. 相似文献