A 49-kilodalton phosphoprotein in the Drosophila photoreceptor is an arrestin homolog   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

T Yamada  Y Takeuchi  N Komori  H Kobayashi  Y Sakai  Y Hotta  H Matsumoto 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,248(4954):483-486

The gene encoding the 49-kilodalton protein that undergoes light-induced phosphorylation in the Drosophila photoreceptor has been isolated and characterized. The encoded protein has 401 amino acid residues and a molecular mass of 44,972 daltons, and it shares approximately 42 percent amino acid sequence identity with arrestin (S-antigen), which has been proposed to quench the light-induced cascade of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate hydrolysis in vertebrate photoreceptors. Unlike the 49-kilodalton protein, however, arrestin, which appears to bind to phosphorylated rhodopsin, has not itself been reported to undergo phosphorylation. In vitro, Ca2+ was the only agent found that would stimulate the phosphorylation of the 49-kilodalton protein. The phosphorylation of this arrestin-like protein in vivo may therefore be triggered by a Ca2+ signal that is likely to be regulated by light-activated phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C.  相似文献   

National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures     

Terracciano A  Abdel-Khalek AM  Adám N  Adamovová L  Ahn CK  Ahn HN  Alansari BM  Alcalay L  Allik J  Angleitner A  Avia MD  Ayearst LE  Barbaranelli C  Beer A  Borg-Cunen MA  Bratko D  Brunner-Sciarra M  Budzinski L  Camart N  Dahourou D  De Fruyt F  de Lima MP  del Pilar GE  Diener E  Falzon R  Fernando K  Ficková E  Fischer R  Flores-Mendoza C  Ghayur MA  Gülgöz S  Hagberg B  Halberstadt J  Halim MS  Hrebícková M  Humrichouse J  Jensen HH  Jocic DD  Jónsson FH  Khoury B  Klinkosz W  Knezević G  Lauri MA  Leibovich N  Martin TA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5745):96-100

Most people hold beliefs about personality characteristics typical of members of their own and others' cultures. These perceptions of national character may be generalizations from personal experience, stereotypes with a "kernel of truth," or inaccurate stereotypes. We obtained national character ratings of 3989 people from 49 cultures and compared them with the average personality scores of culture members assessed by observer ratings and self-reports. National character ratings were reliable but did not converge with assessed traits. Perceptions of national character thus appear to be unfounded stereotypes that may serve the function of maintaining a national identity.  相似文献   

A centrosomal localization signal in cyclin E required for Cdk2-independent S phase entry     

Matsumoto Y  Maller JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5697):885-888

Excess cyclin E-Cdk2 accelerates entry into S phase of the cell cycle and promotes polyploidy, which may contribute to genomic instability in cancer cells. We identified 20 amino acids in cyclin E as a centrosomal localization signal (CLS) essential for both centrosomal targeting and promoting DNA synthesis. Expressed wild-type, but not mutant, CLS peptides localized on the centrosome, prevented endogenous cyclin E and cyclin A from localizing to the centrosome, and inhibited DNA synthesis. Ectopic cyclin E localized to the centrosome and accelerated S phase entry even with mutations that abolish Cdk2 binding, but not with a mutation in the CLS. These results suggest that cyclin E has a modular centrosomal-targeting domain essential for promoting S phase entry in a Cdk2-independent manner.  相似文献   

Molecular identification of a taste receptor gene for trehalose in Drosophila     

Ishimoto H  Matsumoto A  Tanimura T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5476):116-119

The molecular nature of sweet taste receptors has not been fully explored. Employing a differential screening strategy, we identified a taste receptor gene, Tre1, that controls the taste sensitivity to trehalose in Drosophila melanogaster. The Tre1 gene encodes a novel protein with similarity to G protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors. Disruption of the Tre1 gene lowered the taste sensitivity to trehalose, whereas sensitivities to other sugars were unaltered. Overexpression of the Tre1 gene restored the taste sensitivity to trehalose in the Tre1 deletion mutant. The Tre1 gene is expressed in taste sensory cells. These results provide direct evidence that Tre1 encodes a putative taste receptor for trehalose in Drosophila.  相似文献   

Quantum criticality without tuning in the mixed valence compound beta-YbAlB4     

Matsumoto Y  Nakatsuji S  Kuga K  Karaki Y  Horie N  Shimura Y  Sakakibara T  Nevidomskyy AH  Coleman P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6015):316-319

Fermi liquid theory, the standard theory of metals, has been challenged by a number of observations of anomalous metallic behavior found in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition. The breakdown of the Fermi liquid is accomplished by fine-tuning the material to a quantum critical point by using a control parameter such as the magnetic field, pressure, or chemical composition. Our high-precision magnetization measurements of the ultrapure f-electron-based superconductor β-YbAlB(4) demonstrate a scaling of its free energy that is indicative of zero-field quantum criticality without tuning in a metal. The breakdown of Fermi liquid behavior takes place in a mixed-valence state, which is in sharp contrast with other known examples of quantum critical f-electron systems that are magnetic Kondo lattice systems with integral valence.  相似文献   

Furazolidone induces the activity of microsomal enzymes that metabolize furazolidone in chickens     

Nobuo SasakiTomoyuki Matsumoto  Yoshinori IkenakaAkio Kazusaka  Mayumi Ishizuka  Shoichi Fujita 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(2):135-139

The nitrofuran antibacterial agent furazolidone (FZ) is still used in veterinary medicine in some countries in the Middle and Far East. The present study aimed to show the effect of FZ on the activity of microsomal enzymes that metabolize FZ, and to identify the enzyme that contributes to FZ metabolism in chickens. Wistar rats and White Leghorn chickens were administered FZ once a day for four consecutive days. FZ metabolism was accelerated by FZ administration in chickens, but not in rats. The elevation of FZ metabolism coincided with the induction of NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) activity in chickens, but such induction was not observed in rats. FZ metabolizing activities were inhibited in the presence of a CPR inhibitor (diphenylene iodonium chloride) but not by the addition of archetypal cytochrome P450 inhibitors (CO or n-octylamine). The preset study concluded that FZ accelerated its own metabolism in the chicken by induction of the activity of CPR.  相似文献   

Snowcover Components in Northern Japan     

Izumi Noguchi  Takunori Katoh  Shigekatsu Sakai  Riki Iwata  Masayuki Akiyama  Hideyuki Ohtsuka  Kouichi Sakata  Hirohide Aga  Yutaka Matsumoto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):421-426

Snowcover surveys were carried out in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Snowpack samples were collected using a steel pipe at 80 sites in 1988, 69 sites in 1992, and 66 sites in 1996 and 2000 during the time when the water equivalents of the snowcover are the greatest. Spatial distribution maps of water equivalents and of the concentrations and the accumulated amounts of hydrogen, non-sea-salt sulfate and non-sea-salt calcium ion of the snowcover drawn by Kriging method are discussed. The distribution maps show that water equivalents and the accumulated amounts of hydrogen and non-sea-salt sulfate in all the sample years were largest in the Japan Sea region, as were the ion concentrations of hydrogen and non-sea-salt sulfate. It was estimated this was caused by air pollutants transported from a great distance. The ratio of areas below pH 5.0 increased temporally from 1988 (20%) to 1992, 1996 and 2000 (66–80%). This trend was estimated to be affected by a decline of non-sea-salt calcium concentrations derived from alkaline road dust. In addition, the effect of snowcover components was assessed by comparison between the acid loads of the snowcover and the acid neutralizing capacity of lake water. We found that lakes in the middle of the Japan Sea coast have the potential to be acidified by snowmelt.  相似文献   

Determination of phenol in honey by liquid chromatography with amperometric detection     

K Takeba  M Matsumoto  Y Shida  H Nakazawa 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1990,73(4):602-604

A sensitive, selective analytical method has been developed for determination of phenol in honey by liquid chromotography (LC) with amperometric detection (AMD). Phenol is extracted with benzene from the distillate of honey. The benzene extract is washed with 1% sodium bicarbonate solution and then reextracted with 0.1N sodium hydroxide followed by cleanup on a C18 cartridge. Phenol is determined by reverse-phase LC with amperometric detection. An Inertsil ODS column (150 X 4.6 mm, 5 microns) is used in the determination. The mobile phase is a mixture (20 + 80 v/v) of acetonitrile and 0.01M sodium dihydrogen phosphate containing 2mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, disodium salt (EDTA) with the pH adjusted to 5.0. The flow rate is 1 mL/min under ambient conditions. The applied potential of the AMD using a glassy carbon electrode is 0.7 V vs an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Average recoveries of phenol added to honey were 79.8% at 0.01 ppm spiking level, 90.4% at 0.1 ppm, and 91.0% at 1.0 ppm. Repeatabilities were 3.4, 1.3, and 1.8%, respectively. The detection limit of phenol in honey was 0.002 ppm. For analysis of 112 commercial honey samples, the range and average values of 32 detected samples were 0.05-5.88 ppm and 0.71 ppm, respectively.  相似文献   

Molecular Aspect of Al Tolerance in Crop Plants: Novel Al-Activated Malate Transporter Gene in Wheat Roots     

Hideaki Matsumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(5):613-615

Aluminum (Al) is a major element in the soil; 30–40% of arable land is acidic. Solubilized Al ion in acid soils inhibits root elongation. Intensive research on the Al tolerance mechanism has been conducted in the past few decades. Mechanism of Al tolerance can be classified into Al exclusion mechanism and intracellular tolerance mechanism. Efflux of organic acids from roots upon receiving the Al signal is the major Al exclusion mechanism. Efflux of organic acids through the channel in the plasma membrane was confirmed, and the gene specifically encoding malate transporter in Al-tolerant wheat was discovered recently. The regulatory mechanism in the efflux of organic acids upon protein phosphorylation may be operative. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their scavenging system are thought to be important in the intracellular tolerance mechanism.  相似文献   

Testing the Rothamsted Carbon Model against data from long-term experiments on upland soils in Thailand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Y. Shirato  K. Paisancharoen  P. Sangtong  C. Nakviro  M. Yokozawa  & N. Matsumoto 《European Journal of Soil Science》2005,56(2):179-188

We tested the Rothamsted Carbon Model (RothC) against three long‐term (27–28 years) experimental sites on Thai upland soils in order to see how this widely used ‘temperate’ soil carbon turnover model performed in a typical farming region in the tropics. We were able to verify – over a much longer period than had been examined in previous studies – that RothC performs well in a tropical region in plots used for continuous cropping experiments of maize and cassava without organic matter application. However, the model overestimated soil organic carbon (SOC) in some plots to which large amounts of organic matter (rice straw or cassava stalks) were applied. This overestimate could not be attributed to errors in estimating either the amount of C input to the soil or the ratio of decomposable plant materials to resistant plant materials entering the soil. Among many factors affecting SOC dynamics (e.g. weather conditions, soil characteristics, etc.), which are different in tropical regions from temperate regions, we conclude that the activity of soil fauna might be a major factor which makes the performance of RothC worse where much organic matter was applied. We suggest that care should be taken when applying RothC to tropical soils with large amounts of added organic matter.  相似文献