Analysis of DNA Fragmentation of Porcine Embryos Exposed to Cryoprotectants     

F Rajaei  NWK Karja  B Agung  P Wongsrikeao  M Taniguchi  M Murakami  R Sambuu  M Nii  T Otoi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(5):429-432

The chemical toxicity of cryoprotectants to porcine embryos was examined by the evaluation of survival and DNA damage after exposure to cryoprotectants. Porcine blastocysts were exposed to 10% of ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propanediol (PD) or glycerol (GLY) for 1 h at room temperature (23-25 degrees C) and then cultured in vitro for 24 h. The survival rates of blastocysts exposed to PD and GLY were significantly lower than those of control blastocysts in which the embryos were exposed to carrier solution without cryoprotectants. Significantly more DNA-fragmented nuclei occurred in the cryoprotectant-exposed blastocysts, compared with the control blastocysts. Moreover, the indices of DNA-fragmented nuclei in the blastocysts without blastocoele re-formation after culture were significantly higher than those with blastocoele re-formation, irrespective of the exposure treatment. These results indicate that the exposure of porcine blastocysts to cryoprotectant decreases the survival rates and increases the DNA-fragmented nuclei in embryos.  相似文献   

Prevalence of fowl glioma-inducing virus in chickens of zoological gardens in Japan and nucleotide variation in the env gene   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hatai H  Ochiai K  Murakami M  Imanishi S  Tomioka Y  Toyoda T  Ohashi K  Umemura T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(5):469-474

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Effects of recloning on the efficiency of production of alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pigs     

Fujimura T  Murakami H  Kurome M  Takahagi Y  Shigehisa T  Nagashima H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(1):58-62

Obtaining sufficient transgenic cells via selective cultivation of genetically manipulated somatic cells is difficult due to the limited number of cell divisions. Additionally, if irreversible mutations in a cell's chromosomes occur during selective cultivation and the cell is used as the nuclear donor, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos often exhibit abnormal development. On the other hand, a SCNT method in which fetal cells derived from SCNT embryos are used as the nuclear donor (recloning method) is an effective technique for obtaining large quantities of transgenic cells. In this study, we compared the in vivo development rate of SCNT embryos produced from porcine alpha1-3 galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GTKO) cells by a recloning method with that of SCNT embryos produced without recloning from porcine GTKO cells (direct method). In the direct method, 557 and 462 cloned embryos were produced using two types of activation methods, the two-step activation (TA) method and the delayed activation (DA) method, and then transferred into 6 and 4 recipients, respectively, but no piglets were born from these recipients. In the recloning method, 956 and 1038 cloned embryos were produced using the TA and DA methods, respectively, and then transferred to 8 and 7 recipients, respectively. Two piglets were born from one recipient in the TA group and 6 piglets were born from 3 recipients in the DA group. This report indicates that the recloning method improved the developmental capacity of SCNT embryos reconstructed with gene-targeted somatic cells.  相似文献   

Grass tetany in cattle. 1. Cases of grass tetany in Sotoyama pasture     

D Murakami  Y Naito  K Sato 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1972,34(6):323-331

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Histological studies on the kinetics of the spermatogenesis in the mink (Mustela vision). II. Wave of the seminiferous epithelium in the breeding season     

T Tiba  T Ishikawa  A Murakami 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》1968,16(4):159-181

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Comparison of Salmonella isolation rates in different types of egg-layer hen houses in Chiba, Japan     

Matsumoto A  Miyama M  Murakami S 《Avian diseases》2001,45(1):195-200

This study investigated the differences in Salmonella isolation rates in environmental samples taken from several types of hen houses in Chiba, Japan. In addition, for the detailed epidemiologic survey, environmental samples, hens, and rodents were collected from Salmonella-contaminated windowless houses on three farms. As a result, Salmonella was isolated from four (80%) of five farms with windowless hen houses; Salmonella enteritidis was isolated from a single windowless house. In contrast, only one serotype of Salmonella was isolated from 1 (6.7%) of 15 farms with open hen houses. In the S. enteritidis-contaminated windowless hen house, the isolation rates of S. enteritidis as compared with the other serotypes were 90.9% of environments, 94.1% of hens, and 86.4% of roof rats (Rattus rattus) that resided in the environments. In reference to the phage type (PT) of these isolates, PT1 was detected in environments and roof rats, and PT9 was detected in both these samples and in hens. Thus, the Salmonella isolation rate in hen houses seems to be associated with whether the premises are windowless or open. Moreover, roof rats appear to be the most important vectors in the spread of S. enteritidis in the windowless hen house because the S. enteritidis PTs coincide with each other.  相似文献   

Fibrinonecrotic rhinitis caused by a concurrent infection of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Arcanobacterium pyogenes in a cow     

Seimiya YM  Takahashi M  Tamura T  Murakami R  Haritani M  Kimura KM 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(8):985-987

An 8 year-old cow showing severe dyspnea and nasal mucosal necrosis immediately after parturition was subjected to pathological examination. The principal lesions were fibrinonecrotic rhinitis, necrotic bronchopneumonia and renal infarction. Fusobacterium necrophorum biotype A and Arcanobacterium pyogenes antigens were detected in the nasal and pulmonary lesions. These results suggest that the lesions were caused by a concurrent infection of the detected bacteria and that the pulmonary lesions were caused by the aspiration of infectious materials from the nasal ones. Mucosal coagulative necroses observed as the initial lesions in rhinitis were frequently associated with multiple thrombosis. The findings might suggest that thrombosis played an important role in the development of the nasal lesions.  相似文献   

Analysis of Host Species Specificity of Magnaporthe grisea Toward Wheat Using a Genetic Cross Between Isolates from Wheat and Foxtail Millet     

Murakami J  Tosa Y  Kataoka T  Tomita R  Kawasaki J  Chuma I  Sesumi Y  Kusaba M  Nakayashiki H  Mayama S 《Phytopathology》2000,90(10):1060-1067

ABSTRACT A genetic cross was performed between a Setaria isolate (pathogenic on foxtail millet) and a Triticum isolate (pathogenic on wheat) of Magnaporthe grisea to elucidate genetic mechanisms of its specific parasitism toward wheat. A total of 80 F(1) progenies were obtained from 10 mature asci containing 8 ascospores. Lesions on wheat leaves produced by the F(1) progenies were classified into four types, which segregated in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. This result suggested that the pathogenicity of the F(1) population on wheat was controlled by two genes located at different loci. This idea was supported by backcross analyses. We designated these loci as Pwt1 and Pwt2. Cytological analyses revealed that Pwt1 and Pwt2 were mainly associated with the hypersensitive reaction and papilla formation, respectively.  相似文献   

The susceptibility of culture cells to avian influenza viruses     

Sugimura T  Murakami Y  Ogawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(6):659-660

The susceptibilities of culture cells to twelve avian influenza virus strains were determined with ten established cell lines including MDCK and ESK cells and three primary culture cells. The established cell lines derived from embryonic swine kidney (ESK) and chicken kidney (CK) primary culture cells were more sensitive to the avian influenza viruses than the other eleven cells. The ESK cell had a particularly higher infective titer than the MDCK cell with and without trypsin supplement in culture medium, and dispersion of the infective titers was narrower than that of the MDCK cell. The ESK cell is a suitable candidate for routine work on avian influenza viruses in laboratories.  相似文献   

Serum parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels in racehorses with fracture     

Chiba S  Kanematsu S  Murakami K  Satoh A  Asahina M  Numakunai S  Goryo M  Ohshima K  Okada K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(4):361-365

Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) levels in fractured racehorses were measured by radioimmunoassay. Racehorses with fracture of large bone such as the radius, third metacarpus, third carpus, digital bone or tibia, showed normal PTH level and elevated CT level in the serum. Serum PTH level was slightly higher in racehorses with sesamoid bone fracture compared to that of healthy racehorses, but not statistically significant. Moreover, serum CT level of racehorses with sesamoid bone fracture was significantly higher than that of healthy racehorses. Racehorses with sesamoid bone fracture and large bone fracture might be in different conditions of calcium regulation.  相似文献