Expression of inhibins, activins, insulin-like growth factor-I and steroidogenic enzymes in the equine placenta     

Arai KY  Tanaka Y  Taniyama H  Tsunoda N  Nambo Y  Nagamine N  Watanabe G  Taya K 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2006,31(1):19-34

In this study, the expression patterns of inhibins, activins, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and steroidogenic enzymes in equine placentae recovered during the latter two-thirds of gestation were examined. Concentrations of inhibin A and inhibin pro-alphaC in endometrial and fetal placental tissue homogenates were very low during the period examined, whereas these tissues contained high concentrations of activin A. In both maternal endometrial and fetal placental tissues, activin A levels decreased as pregnancy progressed. Expression of inhibin alpha-subunit was not observed in the placenta using either immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. Inhibin/activin betaA-subunit and its mRNA were confined to maternal endometrial glands, whereas immunopositive betaB-subunit was not detected in either endometrial glands or microcotyledons. Cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme was detected by immunohistochemistry in both endometrial glands and microcotyledons, whereas cytochrome P450 17alpha-hydroxylase/lyase was absent in these tissues. Immunopositive signals for 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 aromatase were localized in microcotyledons but not in endometrial glands. Immunohistochemistry revealed that IGF-I was highly expressed in microcotyledons around Day 130, and decreased as pregnancy progressed. Changes in the expression of IGF-I were correlated with the number of PCNA positive cells in the placenta. The present study demonstrated the presence and localized the site of expression of activin, IGF-I and steroidogenic enzymes in equine placental tissues during the latter two-thirds of gestation; the results suggest that activin and IGF-I may be involved in the regulation of placental development.  相似文献   

Histopathological characteristics of Ito cells and Kupffer cells in the feline liver     

Uetsuka K  Nishikawa S  Yasoshima A  Nakayama H  Doi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(3):235-242

The histopathological characteristics of Ito cells and Kupffer cells were investigated in the liver of 21 cats (age range: 6 months -18 years) autopsied in our laboratory during 2003. Immunohistochemical examinations were performed using antibodies against lysozyme, desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. No Kupffer cells reacted with the antibody against lysozyme. However, macrophages in the lung and spleen showed a positive reaction with the antibody. This finding suggests a possibility that the amount of lysozyme in the Kupffer cells of feline liver is comparatively small. On the other hand, large vacuole-laden cells were observed in the hepatic perisinusoid of some feline cases, and these cells showed a positive reaction with antibodies against desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. These cells could be Ito cells with large lipid vacuoles. This conclusion was supported by electron microscopic observation and oil red O staining. However, no such large vacuole-laden perisinusoidal cells were detected in the liver of young cats less than 2 years old. The present study revealed the histopathological features of Kupffer cells and Ito cells in the feline liver.  相似文献   

Ex vivo tissue discrimination by visible and near-infrared spectra with chemometrics     

Sakudo A  Tsenkova R  Tei K  Morita H  Ikuta K  Onodera T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1375-1378

The risk of infections from zoonotic pathogens of tissues and/or tissue-derived products has been increasing. One preventive approach in reducing infection risk is tissue decontamination, where selection and screening of highly infectious tissues are strictly followed. Therefore, the development of reliable analytical methods for rapid tissue discrimination is essentially important. In the present study, a procedure has been developed for intact tissue discrimination on the basis of multivariate analysis of visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectra of certain tissues such as brain, liver, kidney and testis of mice without any pretreatment. Transmittance spectra in the 600- to 1000-nm regions were subjected to a principal component analysis (PCA), and leave-out cross-validation was employed to develop multivariate models for tissue discrimination. The plot of PCA scores against Vis-NIR spectra of brains, kidneys, livers and testes from 11 mice portrayed reliable tissue discrimination. This result suggests that Vis-NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics analysis may provide a potentially useful approach for rapid non-destructive discrimination of tissues.  相似文献   

In vitro and in vivo developmental ability of oocytes derived from porcine primordial follicles xenografted into nude mice     

Kikuchi K  Kaneko H  Nakai M  Noguchi J  Ozawa M  Ohnuma K  Kashiwazaki N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):51-57

We evaluated the developmental ability of oocytes in porcine primordial follicles xenografted into nude mice. Ovarian tissues from 20-day-old piglets, in which most of the follicles were primordial, were transplanted under the kidney capsules of ovariectomized nude mice. Forty-nine to 89 days after grafting (mean +/- SEM, 66.9 +/- 1.9 days; n = 64), the host mice showed the presence of cornified epithelial cells in their vaginal smears for the first time. The mice were then treated with 4 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) 60 days after first detection of vaginal cornification. Oocytes were collected from the host mice 48 h after treatment with eCG, and then matured. The maturation rates, based on the incidence of first polar body, ranged from 25.1% to 42.5%. They were then fertilized in vitro and cultured in vitro for 6 days, or transferred into estrous-synchronized recipients and recovered after 6 days. On Day 6 of culture, 15.4% of the matured oocytes had cleaved to the 2- to 8-cell stage. However, neither the embryos cultured in vitro nor those transferred and recovered developed to advanced embryonic stages, such as morulae or blastocysts. This result suggests that the developmental ability of xenografted oocytes is insufficient, even after in vitro maturation. Further strategies, such as improvement of hormonal treatment for host mice, are required to enable oocytes in xenografted ovarian tissues to acquire the cytoplasmic maturation necessary for embryonic development.  相似文献   

Comparison of cell populations derived from canine olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosal cultures     

Ito D  Ibanez C  Ogawa H  Franklin RJ  Jeffery ND 《American journal of veterinary research》2006,67(6):1050-1056

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the numbers and proportions of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) in cell cultures derived from the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory mucosa of dogs. ANIMALS: 7 dogs. PROCEDURES: OB tissue and olfactory mucosa from the nasal cavity and frontal sinus were obtained from euthanatized dogs and prepared for cell culture. At 7, 14, and 21 days of culture in vitro, numbers and proportions of OECs, astrocytes, and fibroblasts were determined via immunocytochemistry. Antibody against the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor p75 was used to identify OECs, antibody against glial fibrillary acidic protein was used to identify astrocytes, and antibody against fibronectin was used to identify fibroblasts. RESULTS: Cultured OECs derived from the olfactory mucosa of the nasal cavity and frontal sinus had similar characteristics. However, whereas OECs in the OB cell cultures constituted approximately 50% of the cells at 7 days and approximately 75% at 21 days the proportion of OECs in cultures derived from both mucosal types was much lower, with approximately 40% OECs at 7 days and approximately 25% at 21 days. Analysis of OEC numbers revealed that these changes were accompanied by corresponding decreases and increases in the population of cells with fibronectin receptors. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although olfactory mucosal cell cultures yielded a sufficient number of OECs for spinal cord transplantation procedures in dogs, modification of culture conditions would be required to ensure that the derived cell population contained a sufficient proportion of OECs.  相似文献   

Green-odour compounds have antifungal activity against the rice blast fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Magnaporthe oryzae</Emphasis>     

M. I. Tajul  Takayuki Motoyama  Akikazu Hatanaka  M. Sariah  Hiroyuki Osada 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,132(1):91-100

Four green-odour compounds—trans-2-hexenal, cis-3-hexenol, n-hexanal, and cis-3-hexenal—were applied (0.85 μg ml⁻¹ as vapour) to rice plants in laboratory conditions to observe their biological activity against the phytopathogenic fungus Maganporthe oryzae, which causes rice blast disease worldwide. Two compounds, trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal, showed remarkable disease suppression efficacy (99.7% and 100% suppression, respectively), while n-hexanal had moderate (86.5%) and cis-3-hexenol had weak (20.8%) disease-suppressing effects. Pre-application and post-application of trans-2-hexenal or cis-3-hexenal had slight effects on blast incidence, suggesting that these compounds had direct effects to suppress M. oryzae infection. In fact, trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal exhibited a growth suppression effect on M. oryzae. Interestingly, these two compounds inhibited appressorium formation at lower concentrations than the growth suppression. Studies on the hypersensitive response (HR)-like reaction and plant β-1,3-glucanase activity in rice plant confirmed that induced resistance was not the major factor involved in the disease suppression mechanism. Results of this study conclusively showed that trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal possess potent inhibitory activities against the growth and the appressorium formation of M. oryzae and could be used as antifungal agents to significantly reduce M. oryzae infections in rice.  相似文献   

Development of EST-SSR markers of Ipomoea nil     

Tong Ly  Hiroyuki Fukuoka  Asami Otaka  Atsushi Hoshino  Shigeru Iida  Eiji Nitasaka  Nobuyoshi Watanabe  Tsutomu Kuboyama 《Breeding Science》2012,62(1):99-104

Although Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth.) has been used intensively for genetic studies, DNA markers have not been developed in Ipomoea nil sufficient to cover all chromosomes. Therefore, we conducted microsatellite (simple sequence repeats, SSR) marker development in I. nil for future genetic studies. From 92,662 expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, 514 unique microsatellite-containing ESTs were identified. Primer pairs were designed automatically in 326 SSRs. Of 150 SSRs examined, 75 showed polymorphisms among strains. A phenogram based on the SSR genotypes revealed the genetic relation among seven Japanese morning glories from five different regions of the world and an ivyleaf morning glory (I. hederacea Jacq.). The developed SSR markers might be applicable for genetic studies of morning glories and their relatives.  相似文献   

Cytologically atypical anal sac adenocarcinoma in a dog     

Sakai H  Murakami M  Mishima H  Hoshino Y  Mori T  Maruo K  Yanai T 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(2):291-294

A 10-year-old intact female Shetland Sheepdog with tenesmus had a subcutaneous mass at the left ventral aspect of the anus. On cytologic examination, 2 types of cells were observed. Most of the cells were oval to polygonal and had elliptical or elongate nuclei and a moderate amount of pale to basophilic cytoplasm. The remaining cells had round to oval nuclei and pale to basophilic cytoplasm. Cells of both types were loosely adhered to each other and were arranged in rosette-like structures. Both neoplastic cell types had fine homogenous chromatin and either a small indistinct nucleolus or no visible nucleolus. Mild anisokaryosis and anisocytosis were observed. Histologically, the mass consists of glandular structures formed by cuboidal cells admixed with bundles of spindle cells. Eosinophilic PAS- and Alcian blue-positive secretory material was found in the center of some glandular structures. Both neoplastic cell types had positive staining with paradoxical concanavalin A and expressed cytokeratin, but not vimentin, S-100, α-smooth muscle actin, or desmin. Based on location and histologic and immunohistochemical features, the final diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the apocrine gland of the anal sac, which should be included as a cytologic differential diagnosis when spindle cells and typical epithelial cells are observed in masses in the region of the anal sac of dogs.  相似文献   

Purification of N-acetyllactosamine-binding activity from the porcine sperm membrane: possible involvement of an ADAM complex in the carbohydrate-binding activity of sperm     

Mori E  Fukuda H  Imajoh-Ohmi S  Mori T  Takasaki S 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(1):117-125

Although the importance of carbohydrate recognition by sperm during egg zona pellucida binding has been widely reported, the sperm molecular species that recognize the carbohydrates are poorly characterized. Our previous cytochemical study indicated that two kinds of carbohydrate-binding proteins are expressed on porcine sperm heads-one recognizes N-acetyllactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc-), and the other recognizes the Lewis X structure (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc-). For this report, we used proteomic techniques to characterize the sperm proteins that bind N-acetyllactosamine. Porcine sperm plasma membrane was solubilized with a detergent solution and subjected to sequential chromatography with dextran sulfate agarose, affinity, and hydroxyapatite, and the binding activities in the eluates were monitored by a solid-phase binding assay. The tryptic peptides of two proteins most likely associated with the binding activities were subjected to tandem mass spectrometry sequencing. A subsequent database search identified one of the two proteins as predicted disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 20-like (XP_003128672). The other protein was identified as disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 5 (AB613817) by database searches for homologous amino acid sequences, cDNA cloning, nucleotide sequencing and nucleotide database searches. Furthermore, two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE demonstrated that they formed a variety of non-covalent complexes. Therefore, these ADAM complexes probably are responsible for the N-acetyllactosamine-binding activity. An affinity-purified fraction containing these ADAM complexes showed zona pellucida-binding activity, though the activity was relatively weak, and the presence of another zona pellucida-binding protein that probably works in concert with these ADAM complexes was suggested. Immunofluorescence testing suggested that ADAM20-like was localized on the anterior part of the sperm plasma membrane.  相似文献   

Effects of five oleanolic acid triterpenoid saponins from the rhizome of Anemone raddeana on stimulus-induced superoxide generation, phosphorylation of proteins and translocation of cytosolic compounds to cell membrane in human neutrophils     

Wei S  He W  Lu J  Wang Z  Yamashita K  Yokoyama M  Kodama H 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(2):402-407

Five oleanolic acid triterpenoid saponins (OTS-1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) were isolated from the rhizome of Anemone raddeana. The effect of these triterpenoid saponins on stimulus-induced superoxide generation in human neutrophils was assayed by measuring the reduction of ferricytochrome c using a dual-beam spectrophotometer. The phosphorylation of neutrophil proteins, and translocation of p67(phox), p47(phox) and Rac to plasma membrane were investigated using specific monoclonal antibodies. The five oleanolic acid triterpenoid saponins used in this experiment suppressed N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner. OTS-1, 2 and 4 suppressed phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)- and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced superoxide generation in a concentration-dependent manner, but OTS-3 and 5 showed no effect. fMLP- and PMA-induced tyrosyl or serine/threonine phosphorylation, and fMLP-, PMA- and AA-induced translocation of p67(phox), p47(phox) and Rac to plasma membrane were in parallel with the suppression of the stimulus-induced superoxide generation.  相似文献