Identification of osmotic stress-responsive genes from Leymus mollis,a wild relative of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

Mohamed Elsadig Eltayeb Habora  Amin Elsadig Eltayeb  Hisashi Tsujimoto  Kiyoshi Tanaka 《Breeding Science》2012,62(1):78-86

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Direct and maternal (co)variance components, genetic parameters, and annual trends for growth traits of Makooei sheep in Iran     

Hossein Mohammadi  Mohammad Moradi Shahrebabak  Mahmood Vatankhah  Hossein Moradi Shahrebabak 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):185-191

Genetic parameters and genetic trends for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), 6-month weight (6MW), and yearling weight (YW) traits were estimated by using records of 5,634 Makooei lambs, descendants of 289 sires and 1,726 dams, born between 1996 and 2009 at the Makooei sheep breeding station, West Azerbaijan, Iran. The (co)variance components were estimated with different animal models using a restricted maximum likelihood procedure and the most appropriate model for each trait was determined by Akaike’s Information Criterion. Breeding values of animals were predicted with best linear unbiased prediction methodology under multi-trait animal models and genetic trends were estimated by regression mean breeding values on birth year. The most appropriate model for BW was a model including direct and maternal genetic effects, regardless of their covariance. The model for WW and 6MW included direct additive genetic effects. The model for YW included direct genetic effects only. Direct heritabilities based on the best model were estimated 0.15?±?0.04, 0.16?±?0.03, 0.21?±?0.04, and 0.22?±?0.06 for BW, WW, 6MW, and YW, respectively, and maternal heritability obtained 0.08?±?0.02 for BW. Genetic correlations among the traits were positive and varied from 0.28 for BW–YW to 0.66 for BW–WW and phenotypic correlations were generally lower than the genetic correlations. Genetic trends were 8.1?±?2, 67.4?±?5, 38.7?±?4, and 47.6?±?6 g per year for BW, WW, 6MW, and YW, respectively.  相似文献   

Evaluation of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of saffron, Crocus sativus L., and its constituents, safranal and crocin in allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats     

Amin B  Hosseinzadeh H 《Fitoterapia》2012,83(5):888-895

The current study was designed to evaluate therapeutic potential of systemically administered ethanolic and aqueous extracts of saffron as well as its bioactive ingredients, safranal and crocin, in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. The von Frey filaments, acetone drop, and radiant heat test were performed to assess the degree of mechanical allodynia, thermal allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia respectively, at different time intervals, i.e., one day before surgery and 3, 5, 7 and 10 days post surgery. The ambulatory behavior was evaluated using the open field test. A 7-day treatment with the ethanolic and aqueous extracts (50,100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) and safranal (0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), attenuated the behavioral symptoms of neuropathic pain in a dose dependent manner. Crocin even at the high dose (50 mg/kg) failed to produce any protective role. However, gabapentine (100 mg/kg) as a reference drug significantly alleviated all behavioral manifestations of neuropathic pain compared to control group. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of saffron as well as safranal could be useful in treatment of different kinds of neuropathic pains and as an adjuvant to conventional medicines.  相似文献   

Trichomonas gallinae, in comparison to Tetratrichomonas gallinarum, induces distinctive cytopathogenic effects in tissue cultures     

Amin A  Bilic I  Berger E  Hess M 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):196-206

In the present study the interaction of three genetically different clonal cultures of Trichomonas gallinae and Tetratrichomonas gallinarum with a permanent chicken liver (LMH) and a permanent quail fibroblast (QT35) cell culture was studied. Proliferation of T. gallinae cells was associated with a disintegration of the cell monolayer. The initial lesions on the LMH monolayer consisted of a progressive accumulation of the flagellate, forming clumps attached to the monolayer. A prolonged incubation time was characterized by appearance of holes in the cell monolayer with accumulation of trichomonads at their periphery. According to the severeness of the monolayer disruption differences among three tested T. gallinae clones were noticed. Furthermore, filtrates obtained either from axenic cultures of T. gallinae or from infected cell cultures produced a cytopathogenic effect similar to the protozoal cells, on both types of cell cultures. However, the destructive effect of the flagellates and their cell-free filtrates was much more pronounced on the LMH monolayer in comparison with the QT35 cells. Furthermore, freshly seeded LMH and QT35 cells suspended in cell-free filtrates of T. gallinae were unable to form a confluent monolayer. In comparison to T. gallinae, clonal cultures of T. gallinarum or their cell-free filtrates produced no effect on both types of monolayers. Interestingly, the cell-free filtrates obtained from both trichomonad species had an effect on the viability of both cell cultures. However, the cytotoxic effect of T. gallinarum filtrates was less severe than that recorded by T. gallinae. Consequently, for the first time a destruction of specified monolayers induced by T. gallinae-free filtrates could be demonstrated.  相似文献   

Determination of reference values for intraocular pressure and Schirmer tear test in clinically normal ostriches (Struthio camelus)     

Ghaffari MS  Sabzevari A  Vahedi H  Golezardy H 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2012,43(2):229-232

The purpose of this study was to establish normal physiologic reference values for intraocular pressure (IOP) and Schirmer tear test (STT) results in clinically normal ostriches (Struthio camelus). Twenty ostriches of both sexes, 10 juveniles (1.5-2 yr of age) and 10 adults, were included in this study. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed prior to this investigation. STT was performed by inserting a standard sterile STT strip over the ventral lid margin into the ventral conjunctival sac for 60 sec. Following the STT, IOP was measured using applanation tonometry with the Tono-Pen Vet tonometer after topical instillation of one drop of 0.5% proparacaine ophthalmic solution. The mean +/- SD and range of Tono-Pen readings of IOP for all birds was 18.8 +/- 3.5, with a range of 12-24. Mean IOP in juvenile ostriches was 19.7 +/- 3.6. Mean IOP in adult ostriches was 16.9 +/- 2.9. There was no statistically significant difference between young and adult birds (P = 0.07). The mean STT values in the present study were 16.3 +/- 2.5 mm/1 min when measurements from both eyes were averaged. Mean STT in juvenile and adult ostriches was 15.4 +/- 1.8 and 17.2 +/- 2.9 mm/1 min, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between young and adult birds (P = 0.11). No statistically significant differences between genders were found for any of the results (P > or = 0.41). In conclusion, this study provides normal reference range values for STT and IOP in clinically healthy ostriches.  相似文献   

Allelic polymorphism in the second exon of Ovar-DRB1 in fat-tailed sheep     

Nikbakht G  Rezaii H  Stear MJ  Talebi MA  Mahmoudzadeh H 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(3):547-549

Ovar-DRB1 is one of the most important response genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region of sheep. Gene polymorphism in the second exon of Ovar-DRB1 in three different Iranian fat-tailed sheep breeds (Lori-Bakhtiari, Shaul and Zandi) was analyzed by either restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) or direct sequencing. A total of 92 Lori-Bakhtiari, 40 Shaul, and 47 Zandi sheep were examined. PCR-RFLP identified 17 genotypes in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep, 12 in Shaul sheep and 11 in Zandi sheep. Collectively, 24 different genotypes could be found for Iranian fat-tailed sheep. Using direct sequencing, seven new sequences in exon 2 of the Ovar-DRB1 gene were identified. Generalized linear modeling with a multinomial error structure showed that the sheep populations had significantly different allele frequencies.  相似文献   

Coping with imbalanced data problem in digital mapping of soil classes     

Amin Sharififar  Fereydoon Sarmadian 《European Journal of Soil Science》2023,74(3):e13368

An unsolved problem in the digital mapping of categorical soil variables and soil types is the imbalanced number of observations, which leads to reduced accuracy and the loss of the minority class (the class with a significantly lower number of observations compared to other classes) in the final map. So far, synthetic over- and under-sampling techniques have been explored in soil science; however, more efficient approaches that do not have the drawbacks of these techniques and guarantee retention of the minority classes in the produced map are essentially required. Such approaches suggested in the present study for digital mapping of soil classes include machine learning models of ensemble gradient boosting, cost-sensitive learning and one-class classification (OCC) of the minority class combined with multi-class classification. In this regard, extreme gradient boosting (XGB) as an ensemble gradient learner, a cost-sensitive decision tree (CSDT) within the C5.0 algorithm, and a one-class support vector machine combined with multi-class classification (OCCM) were investigated to map eight soil great groups with a naturally imbalanced frequency of observations in northwest Iran. A total of 453 profile data points were used for mapping the soil great groups of the study area. A data split was done manually for each class separately, which resulted in an overall 70% of the data for calibration and 30% for validation. The bootstrapping approach of calibration (with 10 runs) was performed to produce multiple maps for each model. The 10 bootstraps were evaluated against the hold-out validation dataset. The average values of accuracy measures, including Kappa (K), overall accuracy (OA), producer's accuracy (PA) and user's accuracy (UA), were explored. In addition, the results of this study were compared with a previous study in the same area, in which resampling techniques were used to deal with imbalanced data for digital soil class mapping. The findings show that all three suggested methods can deal well with the imbalanced classification problem, with OCCM showing the highest K (= 0.76) and OA (= 82) in the validation stage. Also, this model can guarantee the retention of the minority classes in the final map. Comparing the present approaches with the previous study approach demonstrates that the three newly suggested methods can remarkably increase both overall and individual class accuracy for mapping.  相似文献   

Evaluation of bone healing in canine tibial defects filled with cortical autograft,commercial-DBM,calf fetal DBM,omentum and omentum-calf fetal DBM     

Amin Bigham-Sadegh  Iraj Karimi  Mahsa Alebouye  Zahra Shafie-Sarvestani  Ahmad Oryan 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2013,14(3):337-343

The present study was conducted to compare the effects of xenogenic bovine fetal demineralized bone matrix (DBM), commercial DBM, omentum, omentum-calf fetal DBM, cortical autograft and xenogenic cartilage powder on the healing of tibial defects in a dog model to determine the best material for bone healing. Seven male adult mongrel dogs, weighing 26.2 ± 2.5 kg, were used in this study. Seven holes with a diameter of 4-mm were created and then filled with several biomaterials. Radiographs were taken postoperatively on day 1 and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8. The operated tibias were removed on the 56th postoperative day and histopathologically evaluated. On postoperative days 14, 42 and 56, the lesions of the control group were significantly inferior to those in the other group (p < 0.05). On the 28th postoperative day, the autograft group was significantly superior to the control and omentum groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, calf fetal DBM was significantly superior to the control group. There was no significant difference between the histopathological sections of all groups. Overall, the omentum and omentum-DBM groups were superior to the control group, but inferior to the autograft, commercial-DBM, calf fetal DBM and calf fetal cartilage groups.  相似文献   

Prosopis farcta beans increase HDL cholesterol and decrease LDL cholesterol in ostriches (Struthio camelus)     

Arash Omidi  Hossein Ansari nik  Mahmood Ghazaghi 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(2):431-434

Ten blue-neck male ostriches (Struthio camelus) were fed Prosopis farcta beans throughout a 30-day experiment. Blood samples were collected from ostriches on days 0 and 30 to measure levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, total serum protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT). From days 0 to 30, HDL cholesterol, total protein, and globulins levels increased significantly whereas LDL cholesterol, inorganic phosphorus, and γ-GT activity decreased significantly.  相似文献   

Mapping of QTLs for Germination Characteristics under Non-stress and Drought Stress in Rice     

Zahra MARDANI  Babak RABIEI  Hossein SABOURI  Atefeh SABOURI 《水稻科学》2013,20(6):391-399

Identification of genetic factors controlling traits associated with seed germination under drought stress conditions, leads to identification and development of drought tolerant varieties. Present study by using a population of F2：, derived from a cross between a drought tolerant variety, Gharib （indica） and a drought sensitive variety, Sepidroud （indica）, is to identify and compare QTLs associated with germination traits under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Through QTL analysis, using composite interval mapping, regarding traits such as germination rate （GR）, germination percentage （GP）, radicle length （RL）, plumule length （PL）, coleorhiza length （COL） and coleoptile length （CL）, totally 13 QTLs were detected under pole drought stress （-8 MPa poly ethylene glycol 6000） and 9 QTLs under non-stress conditions. Of the QTLs identified under non-stress conditions, QTLs associated with COL （qCOL-5） and GR （qGR-1） explained 21.28% and 19.73% of the total phenotypic variations, respectively Under drought stress conditions, QTLs associated with COL （qCOL-3） and PL （qPL-5） explained 18.34% and 18.22% of the total phenotypic variations, respectively. A few drought-tolerance-related QTLs identified in previous studies are near the QTLs detected in this study, and several QTLs in this study are novel alleles. The major QTLs like qGR-1, qGP-4, qRL-12 and qCL-4 identified in both conditions for traits GR, GP, RL and CL, respectively, should be considered as the important and stable trait-controlling QTLs in rice seed germination. Those major or minor QTLs could be used to significantly improve drought tolerance by marker-assisted selection in rice.  相似文献