COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF INCISOR PSEUDO‐ODONTOMAS IN PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS LUDOVICIANUS)          下载免费PDF全文

Igor Pelizzone  Francesco Di Ianni  Antonella Volta  Giacomo Gnudi  Sabrina Manfredi  Mara Bertocchi  Enrico Parmigiani 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(3):273-283

Maxillary incisor pseudo‐odontomas are common in pet prairie dogs and can cause progressive respiratory obstruction, while mandibular pseudo‐odontomas are rarely clinically significant. The aim of this retrospective cross‐sectional study was to describe CT features of maxillary and mandibular incisor pseudo‐odontomas vs. normal incisors in a group of pet prairie dogs. All pet prairie dogs with head CT scans acquired during the period of 2013–2015 were included. A veterinary radiologist who was aware of final diagnosis reviewed CT scans and recorded qualitative features of affected and normal incisors. Mean density values for the pulp cavity and palatal and buccal dentin were also recorded. A total of 16 prairie dogs were sampled (12 normal maxillary incisors, 20 confirmed maxillary incisor pseudo‐odontomas, 20 normal mandibular incisors, 12 presumed mandibular incisor pseudo‐odontomas). Maxillary incisors with confirmed pseudo‐odontomas had a significantly hyperattenuating pulp and dentin in the reserve crown and apical zone, when compared to normal maxillary incisors. Pseudo‐odontomas appeared as enlargements of the apical zone with a globular/multilobular hyperattenuating mass formation haphazardly arranged, encroaching on midline and growing caudally and ventrally. Presumed mandibular incisor pseudo‐odontomas had similar CT characteristics. In 60% of prairie dogs with maxillary incisor pseudo‐odontomas, the hard palate was deformed and the mass bulged into the oral cavity causing loss of the palatine bone. The common nasal meatus was partially or totally obliterated in 81.8% of prairie dogs with maxillary pseudo‐odontomas. Findings supported the use of CT for characterizing extent of involvement and surgical planning in prairie dogs with pseudo‐odontomas.  相似文献   

Pollution Detection by Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements Aided by the Stemflow Effect     

Denisa Klučiarová  Péter Márton  Viliam Pichler  Emő Márton  Igor Túnyi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,189(1-4):213-223

The applicability of magnetic susceptibility measurements was tested for the detection of industrial pollution by fly ash in topsoil in a beech stand in the vicinity of a steel factory at ?iroka near Oravsky? Podzámok (Slovakia). The first trial measurements already showed that there is at least one spot near the trunk of each tree in which the susceptibility is significantly higher than anywhere else beneath the crown of the same tree. Detailed measurements showed that the susceptibility anomaly is associated with stemflow, and extends to some distance on the slope side of the trunk. Elsewhere beneath the crowns, at spots unaffected by stemflow, the variation of susceptibility is moderate. Samples were collected systematically from the topsoil around five trees in the beech stand, and another one elsewhere exposed to direct flow of fly ash from ?iroka. The results of measurements of low and high frequency susceptibility allow to conclude that in the beech stand where the ground is effectively shielded by the canopy from direct precipitation of pollution particles, all susceptibility values unaffected by stemflow are dominated by fine-grained magnetic particulates having formed by biogenic processes during pedogenesis, while those pertaining to the stemflow zone are dominated by larger multidomain particles conveyed to the ground in the stemflow. So, in this particular environment, it is the stemflow and its effect that makes magnetic pollution detectable by using susceptibility parameters. The case of the site exposed to direct precipitation of pollution particles is different in that that every susceptibility value irrespective of being small or large is dominated by large multidomain pollution particles. The heavy metal concentration of the soils investigated is elevated with respect to background levels of the Geochemical atlas of Slovakia, and have strong positive relationship, basically established by the effect of stemflow, with magnetic susceptibility. Without the stemflow effect the variation either in susceptibility or heavy metal concentration would not be sufficient to recognise existing relationships between them in the topsoil of the beech stand selected for the present study.  相似文献   

Quantitative Beobachtungen an F1-Bastarden des Gaterslebener Maissortimentes     

Igor Grebenščikov 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1962,10(1):72-92

Zusammenfassung An vielen zufälligen Kreuzungen verschiedener nicht ausgesuchter Nummern des Gaterslebener Maissortiments wurde gezeigt, daß die durchschnittlichen Heterosiseffekte (Mehrerträge) für Korn- und Kolbengewicht relativ hoch sind (rund 25%) und unter verschiedenen Bedingungen ziemlich konstant bleiben, während sie für die Pflanzenhöhe und Vegetationszeit viel niedriger und labiler sind. Dasselbe gilt im großen ganzen auch für die Heterosisfrequenz. Eine bedeutende Steigerung des durchschnittlichen Heterosiseffektes und der Heterosisfrequenz bei Korn-, Kolben- und Pflanzengewicht tritt schon bei einer relativ schwachen Steigerung des durchschnittlichen Inzuchtgrades der Eltern auf.

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Summary After testing many random crosses between different strains of the maize collection of the Gatersleben Institute, it was found that the heterotic increase of yields is relatively high with regard to the weight of grains and ears (about 25%), and that it is rather constant under different growth conditions. This effect of heterosis is much lower and more sensitive to environmental conditions as far as the height of plants and the length of the vegetation period are concerned.The same relation is found, on the average, for the frequency of the occurrence of heterosis in different crosses.A small increase already in the degree of inbreeding of the parents remarkably increases the frequency of heterosis and its average effect on the weight of grains, ears and whole plants.

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Lipopolysaccharide induces inflammatory cytokines in the pig amnion   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Trebichavský I  Splíchal I  Zahradnícková M  Splíchalová A  Mori Y 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,87(1-2):11-18

Inflammatory mediators that are induced by gram-negative bacteria in the course of intrauterine infections threaten successful pregnancy. To compare the effect of two different routes of cytokine induction, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered in vivo either into the cord vein or into the amniotic cavity of pig fetuses in the second half of gestation for 20 h and cytokines were detected in the amnion.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were induced in the amniotic epithelium after intra-amniotic but not after intra-venous administration of LPS. The presence of IL-8 was confirmed by RT-PCR. In contrast, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was expressed constitutively and was found in all samples of the amniotic epithelium.Amniotic fluid contained only minute levels of TNF-alpha. IL-8 levels in amniotic fluid increased after the treatment with LPS and the highest IL-8 levels were found in dead LPS-treated fetuses.  相似文献   

Prediction of pesticide concentrations found in rivers in the UK     

Brown CD  Bellamy PH  Dubus IG 《Pest management science》2002,58(4):363-373

SWATCATCH is a distributed model combined with databases within a GIS as the POPPIE system to predict pesticide concentrations in rivers at the catchment outlet. The model was evaluated against a dataset of pesticide concentrations in rivers of England and Wales. More than 2000 individual analyses in each of the years 1995 and 1997 covered approximately 150 catchment-pesticide combinations drawn from 29 catchments and 16 pesticides, themselves selected to represent a range of characteristics and properties. SWATCATCH was better able to simulate maximum pesticide concentrations at any time during the year than the proportion of samples containing residues of a particular pesticide above the limit of quantification. The model simulated maximum pesticide concentrations in surface waters which were within a factor of 10 of those observed for 66-74% of catchment-pesticide-year combinations. Simulated and observed frequency of detection could not be differentiated using a Chi 2 test for 54-67% of simulations. Time series analysis for seven of the 29 catchment-pesticide combinations indicated that measured and detected series of concentrations generally followed similar patterns. The evaluation supports the intended use of the model in assisting the construction of pesticide monitoring programmes.  相似文献   

New records of leaf beetles from Israel     

Tomáš Pavlíček  Vladimir Chikatunov  Igor Lopatin  Eviatar Nevo 《Phytoparasitica》1997,25(4):337-338

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Zur quantitativ-genetischen Analyse der Ertragskomponenten beim Kürbis. Teil 3     

Igor Grebenščikov 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1967,15(1):55-74

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine reziproke Kreuzung zwischen zwei stark verschiedenenCucurbita maxima-Formen in dreijährigem Anbau hinsichtlich ihrer morphologischen Hauptertragsmerkmale analysiert. Reziproken-Unterschiede wurden nicht festgestellt. Eine starke Tendenz zu Heterosis zeigte das Gesamtgewicht der Früchte je Pflanze. Es wurden die genotypischen und die umweltbedingten Anteile an der Gesamtstreuung der Merkmale berechnet. Die höchste — nach dieser Methode geschätzte — Heritabilität zeigte das Gewicht einer Frucht, die niedrigste das Gewicht der Früchte je Pflanze; die Anzahl der Früchte je Pflanze und die Pflanzenlänge lagen in der Mitte. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Heritabilität und der Vererbungsweise konnte an diesem Material gezeigt werden: je weniger Gene das Merkmal bestimmen, desto höher ist die Heritabilität.

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Summary The progenies of reciprocal crosses between two distinctly differing varieties ofCucurbita maxima have been analysed during three vegetation periods with regard to morphological yield components. Reciprocal differences have not been observed. For the weight of all fruits per plant a clear tendency towards heterosis was found.The genotypic and the environmental components of the total variance of several traits have been calculated. The highest degree of heritability has — according to the method used — the weight of one fruit, the lowest degree the weight of all fruits per plant; the number of fruits per plant and the length of the plant have an intermediate degree.Studying this material a relation was found between heritability and mode of inheritance: The lower the number of genes influencing a character, the higher is its degree of heritability.

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Die Originalarbeiten Sind Herrn Professor Dr. Dr. H. C. Mult. H. Stubbe zum 65. Geburtstag Gewidmet  相似文献   

Effect of natural disturbances on the abundance of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) regeneration in nemoral forests of the southern boreal zone     

Igor V. Drobyshev   《Forest Ecology and Management》2001,140(2-3):151-161

The impact of natural disturbances on the canopy (trees ≥14 m high) and sapling stratum (>0.3 and ≤14 m high) composition was studied in nemoral old-growth forests located within the southern boreal zone in Central Russia (Central Forest Reserve, 32°29′–33°01′E, 56°26′–56°31′N). I hypothesized that the current disturbance regime does not allow the maintenance of current spruce abundance in the canopy, and, as a result, there is a continuous shift in the canopy composition towards a greater abundance of deciduous species. Three 300×20 m² transects were established to estimate the proportions of stand under non-closed unexpanded canopy gaps. Data on sapling composition of 49 canopy gaps were used to analyze pattern of gap refuting in these forests. Additionally, data from three forest inventories showed changes in canopy composition over a period from 1972 to 1990.

The current status of nemoral forests is characterized by the high proportion of stand area under treefall gaps (71%). The loss of spruce from the canopy caused by treefalls (53% of the total basal area of gap-makers) was slightly greater than its canopy abundance (45%). Canopy gaps of all sizes encouraged spruce regeneration which might be due to a decrease in sapling mortality and/or more active recruitment of spruce seedlings. After a gap was formed, the presence of spruce in sapling strata increased. However, within both small (<200 m² in size) and large (>200 m²) gaps, tall (>6 m) spruce saplings did not reach the level of its abundance in the tree canopy. In gaps, tall (>6 m) saplings of lime (Tilia cordata) and elm (Ulmus glabra) grew more quickly than those of spruce and maple. These data suggested a decrease in canopy spruce and an increase in deciduous species in the near future which supported the original hypothesis. Analysis of forest inventory records revealed similar changes in the canopy structure over the past two decades. However, the observed high proportion of stand area under gaps implies that for the next few decades large areas of nemoral communities will be occupied by relatively young stands. This may, in turn, decrease the frequency of large-scale treefalls revegetated mainly by deciduous saplings.  相似文献   

Gap evapotranspiration and drainage fluxes in a managed and a virgin dinaric silver fir–beech forest in Slovenia: a modelling study     

Ur?a?VilharEmail author  Michael?Starr  Mihej?Urban?i?  Igor?Smolej  Primo??Simon?i? 《European Journal of Forest Research》2005,124(3):165-175

The monthly water balance in gaps in a managed Dinaric silver fir–beech forest and a virgin forest remnant located in SE Slovenia was modelled using a capacity water balance model for two growing seasons. Two gaps of different size (ca. 0.07 and 0.15 ha) were selected in each forest and plots for soil moisture monitoring were established in each gap (2–4) and in the surrounding forest (2–3). We report on the modelled actual evapotranspiration (AET) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) and drainage fluxes (DF) from the rooting zone at the plots. Precipitation over the 2001 growing season (May–October) was considerably drier than average and that for 2002 growing season was wetter than average. Modelled AET for the 2001 growing season varied between 88% and 96% of PET for the managed forest plots and between 90% and 100% for the virgin forest plots. The values for the gap plots varied between 87% and 100% at the managed forest site and between 92% and 96% for the gaps in the virgin forest site. Monthly AET values declined to 57–59% of PET at plots in the centre of the gaps in the managed forest site and to 63–74% in the gaps in the virgin forest site (July), indicating that the highest drought stress occurs in gap centres. For 2002 growing season, AET for all plots was 100% of PET. Modelled DF values in 2001 were 13–35% of rainfall for plots in the gap centres and 12–16% for plots in the forest at the managed forest site. On an average, gap DF values were 20% (154 mm) higher than the forest plot values. DF values in 2002 were similar for all plots at the managed forest site, 31–33% of rainfall. At the virgin forest site, 2001 growing season, DF values varied between 12% and 30% of rainfall at the forest plots and between 12% and 32% at the gap plots. In 2002, DF values for all plots in the virgin forest site varied between 24% and 38% of growing season rainfall. The varying development of vegetation and forest in the gaps of the virgin forest remnant resulted in more variable evapotranspiration and DF during the drought year 2001, with values not as clearly related to distance from the gap centre as in the managed forest site.  相似文献   

Antinociceptive activity of Maytenus rigida stem bark     

Dias KS  Marques MS  Menezes IA  Santos TC  Silva AB  Estevam CS  Sant'Ana AE  Pizza C  Antoniolli AR  Marçal RM 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(7-8):460-464

Ethanol extract of Maytenus rigida stem bark and its fractions were assessed for antinociceptive activity in tail-flick test in rats. The activity was located in the chloroform, ethyl acetate and aq.methanol fractions. Phytochemical screening revealed that catechin was the only common class of compounds present on the ethanol extract as well as on the active fractions. 4'-Methylepigallocatechin, isolated from the ethyl acetate and aq.methanol fractions, showed antinociceptive effect in the tail-flick test (75 mg/kg; p.o.), which was reversed by the opiate antagonist naloxone (3 mg/kg; i.p.).  相似文献