Ouabain and streptomycin: their different loci of action on saccular hair cells in goldfish     

S Matsuura  K Ikeda  T Furukawa 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1968,160(832):1117-1119

Ouabain, when applied to the periotic spaces, that is, to the basal end of the saccular hair cells, suppressed microphonic potentials of the inner ear in goldfish. In contrast, streptomycin produced such an effect only when it was applied directly into the endolymph, that is, to the hair-bearing ends of the hair cells.  相似文献   

Use of CD134 as a primary receptor by the feline immunodeficiency virus     

Shimojima M  Miyazawa T  Ikeda Y  McMonagle EL  Haining H  Akashi H  Takeuchi Y  Hosie MJ  Willett BJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5661):1192-1195

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) induces a disease similar to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in cats, yet in contrast to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), CD4 is not the viral receptor. We identified a primary receptor for FIV as CD134 (OX40), a T cell activation antigen and costimulatory molecule. CD134 expression promotes viral binding and renders cells permissive for viral entry, productive infection, and syncytium formation. Infection is CXCR4-dependent, analogous to infection with X4 strains of HIV. Thus, despite the evolutionary divergence of the feline and human lentiviruses, both viruses use receptors that target the virus to a subset of cells that are pivotal to the acquired immune response.  相似文献   

Quantitative nested real-time PCR detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verticillium longisporum</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">V. dahliae</Emphasis> in the soil of cabbage fields     

Shinpei Banno  Hidenari Saito  Hiroshi Sakai  Toshihiko Urushibara  Kentaro Ikeda  Takeshi Kabe  Isao Kemmochi  Makoto Fujimura 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(5):282-291

Verticillium longisporum and V. dahliae, causal agents of Verticillium wilt, are spreading through the cabbage fields of Gunma Prefecture. Using the V. longisporum-specific intron within the 18S rDNA and differences between ITS 5.8S rDNA sequences in Japanese isolates of V. longisporum and V. dahliae, we developed three quantitative nested real-time (QNRT) PCR assays. The QNRT-PCR quantification of V. longisporum or V. dahliae in cabbage field soil was consistent with the severity of Verticillium wilt disease in those fields. In field trials of resistant cultivar YR Ranpo grown for three seasons in soil infested with the pathogen, disease severity and pathogen density in the soil were significantly reduced in a field moderately contaminated by V. dahliae, but only slightly reduced in a highly contaminated field. These results suggest that continuous cultivation of a resistant cultivar is an effective way to reduce the pathogen population. QNRT-PCR assays provide a powerful analytical tool to evaluate the soil population dynamics of V. longisporum and V. dahliae for disease management.  相似文献   

Efficiency of rice bran for removal of organochlorine compounds and benzene from industrial wastewater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Adachi A  Ikeda C  Takagi S  Fukao N  Yoshie E  Okano T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(3):1309-1314

Rice bran was found to effectively adsorb several organic compounds, such as dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and benzene. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms conformed to the Freundlich type (log-log linear). The adsorption of dichloromethane and chloroform by rice bran was observed over the range of pH 1-11. Therefore, rice bran is applicable for treatment of wastewater over a wide pH range. Dichloromethane was successfully removed from water samples with an average removal efficiency of 70% after 60 min when rice bran was added to water samples containing from 0.006 to 100 mg/L dichloromethane. The removal of these organochlorine compounds and benzene by rice bran was attributed to the uptake by intracellular particles called spherosomes. Here, we report the results of a fundamental study of the efficiency of rice bran for removal of organochlorine compounds and benzene using a batch system on the laboratory scale, and describe elucidation of the mechanism of removal of these compounds by rice bran.  相似文献   

Ascorbate regeneration by the reduced form of 2-amino-3-carboxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone, a strong growth stimulator for bifidobacteria     

Yamazaki S  Iwasa K  Kano K  Ikeda T  Taketomo N  Kaneko T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(11):5643-5648

Nonenzymatic reduction of dehydroascorbate into ascorbate by the reduced form (quinol form) of 2-amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, a strong growth stimulator for bifidobacteria, has been found. The bimolecular reaction rate constant was evaluated as 9 M(-)(1) s(-)(1) at pH 7.0. This reaction has been successfully coupled with enzymatic regeneration of the naphthoquinol by NAD(P)H in cell-free extracts of Bifidobacterium longum 6001. The overall reaction is a regeneration of NAD(P)(+) by dehydroascorbate [or a regeneration of ascorbate by NAD(P)H], in which the naphthoquinone/quinol redox couple functions as an electron transfer mediator. Kinetic study of the reduction of dehydroascorbate with related quinol compounds suggested the significance of the amino substituent of the naphthoquinol. A mechanism of the electron transfer from the quinol to dehydroascorbate is proposed, where the first step of the reaction is a nucleophilic addition of the C(2)-amino substituent of the naphthoquinol to the C(2)-position of dehydroascorbate to form a Schiff base intermediate.  相似文献   

A Mixed-Integer Optimization Technique for Developing a Sulfur Emission Control Strategy for China     

Ikeda  Y.  Yasuda  R.  Nakaminami  H.  Tanaka  M.  Lee  C.  Higashino  H. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):265-270

The economical development and increasing population of China and other East Asian countries is expected to be accompanied by an increase in the emission of air pollutants. The objective of this study is to develop an effective and economical emission control strategy for sulfur in East Asia. There are existing methods for controlling sulfur emission, such as changing to lower sulfur content fuel, introducing desulfurization devices for emission sources, and promoting efficient energy use. The applicability of such measures is restricted by both energy supply and control cost, amongst other concerns. As a case study, an optimal control strategy based on the estimated sulfur emission for China in 2010, is simulated using a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming technique with several restrictions that satisfies, among other constraints, the atmospheric environment requirements for SO₂ and the soil load limit for SO₄ deposition.  相似文献   

"Weak gel"-type rheological properties of aqueous dispersions of nonaggregated kappa-carrageenan helices     

Ikeda S  Nishinari K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(9):4436-4441

The rheological properties of kappa-carrageenan helices dispersed in an aqueous medium, which prevents aggregation of helices, were investigated. A dispersion of 1.5% w/w nonaggregated kappa-carrageenan helices exhibited gel-like dynamic mechanical spectra at 20 degrees C; that is, the storage modulus G' predominated over the loss modulus G' ' in the entire frequency range examined (0.5-100 rad/s). However, the observed slight frequency dependence of the moduli and the relatively large value of tan delta (= G' '/G' > 0.1) were typical of so-called weak gels. The magnitude of G' of the kappa-carrageenan weak gels was less than that of conventional gels formed by 0.15% w/w kappa-carrageenan in an aggregating condition at 20 degrees C. Under large deformation, enough for the conventional gels to rupture, the weak gel systems flowed but never ruptured, suggesting that the weak gel-type rheological properties of the kappa-carrageenan dispersions were due to a sufficiently long relaxation time of topological entanglements among double-helical conformers but not due to the formation of a three-dimensionally percolated permanent network.  相似文献   

Comparison of Quality‐Related Alleles Among Australian and North American Wheat Classes Exported to Japan     

Tatsuya M. Ikeda  Mikiko Yanaka  Kanenori Takata 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(6):616-622

Grain hardness, amylose content, and glutenin subunit composition are critical determinants for end‐use properties of wheat. To improve the end‐use properties of domestic wheats, we studied these traits between the Australian and North American wheat classes exported to Japan in 2009 and 2011 by analyzing the corresponding alleles. Most hard classes had Pina‐D1b or Pinb‐D1b. A partial waxy allele (Wx‐B1b) was found in all Australian Standard White (ASW) seeds in 2009 and two‐thirds of ASW seeds in 2011. All or most American hard wheat seeds had Glu‐D1d. Most U.S. Western White (WW) seeds had a null allele (Glu‐A1c) or alleles that lacked one of the two Glu‐B1 subunits. Most hard red winter (HRW) seeds had Glu‐B3b or Glu‐B3g. Quality characteristics of these classes seemed to be consistent with these results. In addition, we also found new Glu‐1 and Glu‐3 alleles in HRW and WW. These results suggested that although there are variations in its allelic composition from year to year, each class has unique quality‐related alleles corresponding to its end use. We proposed two matrices for classification of starch properties on the basis of Pin and Wx allelic combinations and for classification of gluten strength on the basis of glutenin allelic combinations.  相似文献   

Comparison of whole-body versus snout-only exposure in inhalation toxicity of fenthion     

M Iwasaki  M Yoshida  T Ikeda  S Tsuda  Y Shirasu 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(1):23-30

  相似文献   

Characteristics of Salmonella isolated from animals at a veterinary medical teaching hospital   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

J S Ikeda  D C Hirsh  S S Jang  E L Biberstein 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(2):232-235

Salmonella belonging to 47 serotypes was isolated from animals at the University of California Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital during the years 1974 to 1983. Salmonella belonging to 12 serotypes accounted for 89% of the 725 isolates. Salmonella typhimurium (including var copenhagen) was the most commonly isolated serotype, but during 1981 to 1983, S krefeld and S saint-paul were predominant. Certain serotypes seemed to be isolated more frequently from extraintestinal sources (S typhi-suis, S dublin). Although resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, and sulfonamides was common (greater than 60% of the isolates were resistant), resistance to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulfonamides was infrequent, except for isolates of S krefeld and S saint-paul.  相似文献