Receptivity of winter flounder larvae to artificial diet from the yolk-sac stage to metamorphosis     

Ian A. E. Butts  Ines Ben Khemis  Matthew K. Litvak 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(4):895-901

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Helix geometry, hydration, and G.A mismatch in a B-DNA decamer   总被引：35，自引：0，他引：35  

G G Privé  U Heinemann  S Chandrasegaran  L S Kan  M L Kopka  R E Dickerson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,238(4826):498-504

The DNA double helix is not a regular, featureless barberpole molecule. Different base sequences have their own special signature, in the way that they influence groove width, helical twist, bending, and mechanical rigidity or resistance to bending. These special features probably help other molecules such as repressors to read and recognize one base sequence in preference to another. Single crystal x-ray structure analysis is beginning to show us the various structures possible in the B-DNA family. The DNA decamer C-C-A-A-G-A-T-T-G-G appears to be a better model for mixed-sequence B-DNA than was the earlier C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G, which is more akin to regions of poly(dA).poly(dT). The G.A mismatch base pairs at the center of the decamer are in the anti-anti conformation about their bonds from base to sugar, in agreement with nuclear magnetic resonance evidence on this and other sequences, and in contrast to the anti-syn geometry reported for G.A pairs in C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-A-G-C-G. The ordered spine of hydration seen earlier in the narrow-grooved dodecamer has its counterpart, in this wide-grooved decamer, in two strings of water molecules lining the walls of the minor groove, bridging from purine N3 or pyrimidine O2, to the following sugar O4'. The same strings of hydration are present in the phosphorothioate analog of G-C-G-C-G-C. Unlike the spine, which is broken up by the intrusion of amine groups at guanines, these water strings are found in general, mixed-sequence DNA because they can pass by unimpeded to either side of a guanine N2 amine. The spine and strings are perceived as two extremes of a general pattern of hydration of the minor groove, which probably is the dominant factor in making B-DNA the preferred form at high hydration.  相似文献   

Ochratoxin A: Carryover from animal feed into livestock and the mitigation strategies     

Abirami Ramu Ganesan  Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian  Sungkwon Park  Rajesh Jha  Ines Andretta  Archibold G. Bakare  In Ho Kim 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(1):56

This review aims to highlight the effects of ochratoxin A (OTA) in the feed of meat-producing animals. The accumulation of OTA in feed and its distribution in various farm animals were compared and evaluated. Primarily, the oral administration of OTA-contaminated feed and the predisposition in an animal''s vital organ were critically examined in this work. The collated reports show that OTA directly associated with endemic nephropathy and its high concentration leads to degeneration of liver cells, and necrosis of intestinal and lymphoid tissues. At present, limited reports are available in the recent literature on the problems and consequences of OTA in feed. Therefore, this review focused on the OTA carryover from feed to farm animals and the interaction of its secondary metabolites on their biochemical parameters. Hence, this report provides greater insights into animal health related to OTA residues in meat and meat products. This article also explores mitigation strategies that can be used to prevent the carryover effects of OTA in livestock feeds and the effects in the food chain.  相似文献   

基于LabVIEW的苹果擦伤分级系统设计   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高晓阳 《农业机械学报》2006,37(4):152-154

基于美国USDA苹果分级标准研制了苹果擦伤检测分级系统样机。系统依据所研究的苹果表面擦伤拉曼光谱PLS/CVA处理和UNEQ模型分类,通过设计的LabVIEW虚拟仪器控制系统实时完成苹果分级。对48个预先分级的美国红元帅苹果(reddelicious#4167)分别进行两轮实际分级实验来评估该系统的性能。实验结果表明该分级检测系统对无擦伤、轻擦伤和重擦伤苹果组的分级平均准确率分别为100%、99%、97%。分级系统每分钟可分级苹果3～6个,对运动苹果分级误判率较低,是实施苹果自动检测分级生产线的基本模块。  相似文献   

Evidence of starch inclusion complexation with lactones     

Heinemann C  Conde-Petit B  Nuessli J  Escher F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(3):1370-1376

Starch, in particular the linear amylose, is able to form inclusion complexes with a wide spectrum of ligand molecules, among them flavor compounds. The complexing ability of a homologous series of gamma- and delta-lactones with potato starch was followed by amperometric iodine titration, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements. Lactones with a linear chain of a size > or = C(5) form inclusion complexes with starch, whereas lactones with a short linear chain, such as gamma-heptalactone, show poor complexing ability. The thermal stability of starch-lactone complexes increases with increasing chain length of the lactone. In general, lactones induce the formation of V(h) helices. Only delta-decalactone complexes with starch were not definitely identified as V(h) amylose helices. Complexation of starch dispersions with lactones induce turbidity and gelation or phase separation, both phenomena being the result of microphase separation.  相似文献   

Schrader,Bernhard: Kurzes Lehrbuch der Organischen Chemie. 330S. mit div. Abb. und Tab. Verlag de Gruyter,Berlin, 1979. DM 38,–     

C.-G. Heinemann 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1980,143(4):482-482

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Prognostic factors for short-term survival of dogs that experience postattenuation seizures after surgical correction of single congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts: 93 cases (2005-2018)     

Ronan A. Mullins MVB  DECVS  Carlos Sanchez Villamil DVM  Laura E. Selmic BVetMed MPH  DACVS-SA  DECVS  Michael S. Tivers BVSc PhD  DECVS  J. Brad Case DVM  MS  DACVS  Ameet Singh BSc  DVM  DVSc  DACVS  Kelley M. Thieman Mankin DVM  MS  DACVS  Davina M. Anderson MA  VetMB  PhD  DSAS  DECVS  Robert N. White BSc  BVetMed  DSAS  DECVS  SFHEA  Kathryn M. Pratschke MVB  MVM  DECVS  Hilde de Rooster DVM  MVM  PhD  DECVS  Anne Kummeling DVM  PhD  DECVS  Donald A. Yool BVMS  PhD  DECVS  SFHEA  Melanie Olive DVM  Jean-Philippe Billet Dr vét DECVS  Ines Gordo DVM  MS  Herve Brissot DV  DECVS  Cameron Broome BVSc  DVCS  FANZCVS  Barbara M. Kirby DVM  MS  DACVS  DECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(5):958-970

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Degradation of ochratoxin a by Brevibacterium species     

Rodriguez H  Reveron I  Doria F  Costantini A  De Las Rivas B  Muňoz R  Garcia-Moruno E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10755-10760

The ability to degrade ochratoxin A was studied in different bacteria with a well-known capacity to transform aromatic compounds. Strains belonging to Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, and Brevibacterium genera were grown in liquid synthetic culture medium containing ochratoxin A. Brevibacterium spp. strains showed 100% degradation of ochratoxin A. Ochratoxin α was detected and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) as a degradation product in the cell-free supernatants. The degradation of ochratoxin A is of public concern for food and environmental safety, because it could contribute to the development of new biological ochratoxin A detoxification systems in foodstuffs. In this study, the degradation of ochratoxin A by bacteria belonging to the food chain was demonstrated for the first time.  相似文献   

Beziehungen zwischen den Kaliumgehalten in Böden und in jungen Haferpflanzen     

P. Schachtschabel  C. G. Heinemann 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1974,137(2):123-134

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Valorization of three varieties of grape   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Moufida Saïdani Tounsi  Ines Ouerghemmi  Wissem Aidi Wannes  Riadh Ksouri  Hassene Zemni  Brahim Marzouk  Mohamed Elyes Kchouk 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,30(2):292-296

In the present investigation, seed methanolic extracts of three Vitis vinifera (Muscat d’Italie, Syrah and Carignan) were assayed for their antioxidant activities. Results showed that there are strong variations in the contents of total phenols (440.97–121.94 mg GAE g⁻¹ DW), flavonoids (48.07–16.81 mg EC g⁻¹ DW) and tanins (37.15–14.9 mg EC g⁻¹ DW) from the studied seeds. The phenolic composition of these extracts was determined by RP–HPLC after acid hydrolysis. The main phenolic compound was quercetin with 27.2% in Muscat d’Italie, 48.8% in Syrah and 28.4% in Carignan. Besides, all seed extracts showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀ values ranged from 1.8 to 30 μg ml⁻¹. EC₅₀ values of reducing power activity ranged from 100 to 120 μg ml⁻¹. The high phenolic content and the considerable antioxidant activities of vitis seed extracts could potentially be considered as an expensive source of natural antioxidants.  相似文献