Pharmacokinetic profiles of the active metamizole metabolites after four different routes of administration in healthy dogs          下载免费PDF全文

M. Giorgi  B. Łebkowska‐Wieruszewska  A. Lisowski  H. Owen  A. Poapolathep  T. W. Kim  V. De Vito 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):428-436

Metamizole (MT), an analgesic and antipyretic drug, is rapidly hydrolyzed to the active primary metabolite 4‐methylaminoantipyrine (MAA) and relatively active secondary metabolite 4‐aminoantipyrine (AA). The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetic profiles of MAA and AA after dose of 25 mg/kg MT by intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), oral (p.o.), and rectal (RC) routes in dogs. Six dogs were randomly allocated to an open, single‐dose, four‐treatment, four‐phase, unpaired, crossover study design. Blood was collected at predetermined times within 24 hr, and plasma was analyzed by a validated HPLC‐UV method. Plasma concentrations of MAA and AA after i.v., i.m., p.o., and RC administrations of MT were detectable from 5 (i.v. and i.m.) or 30 (p.o. and RC) min to 24 hr in all dogs. The highest concentrations of MAA were found in the i.v., then i.m., p.o., and RC groups. Plasma concentrations of AA were similar for i.v., i.m., and RC, and the concentrations were approximately double those in the PO groups. The AUC_EV/IV ratio for MAA was 0.75 ± 0.11, 0.59 ± 0.08, and 0.32 ± 0.05, for i.m., p.o., and RC, respectively. The AUC_EV/IV ratio for AA was 1.21 ± 0.33, 2.17 ± 0.62, and 1.08 ± 0.19, for i.m., p.o., and RC, respectively. Although further studies are needed, rectal administration seems to be the least suitable route of administration for MT in the dog.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetic profiles of metamizole (dipyrone) active metabolites in goats and its residues in milk          下载免费PDF全文

Tae Won Kim  Andrejs Sitovs  Amnart Poapolathep  Helen Owen  Andrzej Lisowski  Zulkyya Abilova  Mario Giorgi 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):699-705

Metamizole (dipyrone, MET) is a nonopioid analgesic drug commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to assess two major active metabolites of MET, 4‐methylaminoantipyrin (MAA) and 4‐aminoantipyrin (AA), in goat plasma after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration. In addition, metabolite concentration in milk was monitored after IM injection. Six healthy female goats received MET at a dose of 25 mg/kg by IV and IM routes in a crossover design study. The blood and milk samples were analyzed using HPLC coupled with ultraviolet detector and the plasma vs concentration curves analyzed by a noncompartmental model. In the goat, the MET rapidly converted into MAA and the mean maximum concentration was 183.97 μg/ml (at 0.08 hr) and 51.94 μg/ml (at 0.70 hr) after IV and IM administration, respectively. The area under the curve and mean residual time values were higher in the IM than the IV administered goats. The average concentration of AA was lower than MAA in both groups. Over 1 μg/ml of MAA was found in the milk (at 48 hr) after MET IM administration. In conclusion, IM is considered to be a better administration route in terms of its complete absorption with long persistence in the plasma. However, this therapeutic option should be considered in light of the likelihood of there being milk residue.  相似文献   

Establishment and characterization of a canine keratinocyte organoid culture system          下载免费PDF全文

Dominique J. Wiener  Onur Basak  Priyanca Asra  Kim E. Boonekamp  Kai Kretzschmar  Angelos Papaspyropoulos  Hans Clevers 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(5):375-e126

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基于生长度日和降水量的韩国饲用玉米产量预测模型构建   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

彭京伦  王娟  金抆主  曹武焕  金炳完  成庆一 《草业科学》2018,35(4):857-866

本研究基于韩国不同地区的气象数据和饲用全株玉米(Zea mays)产量的历史记录数据,利用一般线性模型进行了饲用全株玉米的干物质产量预测模型的构建。作物产量等相关数据采集自韩国农业协同组合中央会饲料作物研究课题报告,气象数据采集自韩国国家气象厅网站。经过4个步骤的数据整理,最终用于模型构建的数据集包含了22年间(1988-2011年)的775个数据点。以干物质产量为因变量,通过逐步回归分析,两个气象变量被选定为构建产量预测模型的最适气象变量。进一步,通过一般线性模型,构建了包含两个选定的气象变量和以虚拟变量形式考虑进模型的栽培地域变量的韩国饲用全株玉米产量预测模型:DMY=11.298SHAGDD-3.651SHP+1 089.870+Location。其中,DMY为饲用全株玉米的干物质产量,SHAGDD为播种到收获累积生长度日,SHP为播种到收获累积降水量。通过残差分析和10折交叉验证对所构建的模型进行了检验。根据此产量预测模型,可以发现作物生长期间的温度和降水量对饲用全株玉米的干物质产量有着显著的影响。因此,确定合理的播种和收获时间以使作物获得充分的生长对确保合理的作物产量有着重要意义。此外,基于韩国夏季降水相对集中的气象条件,选择拥有较好排水性的土地和较强耐涝性的作物品种,也是确保饲用全株玉米产量的重要因素。  相似文献   

Effects of low‐level laser therapy on the healing of surgically closed incisions and surgically created open wounds in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Jessie E. Gammel MAT  DVM  Jeffery J. Biskup DVM  DACVS  Marti G. Drum DVM  PhD  Kim Newkirk DVM  PhD  Cassie N. Lux DVM  DACVS‐SA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(4):499-506

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Effects of hybrid and bacterial inoculation on fermentation quality and fatty acid profile of barley silage          下载免费PDF全文

Dong Hyeon Kim  Sardar M. Amanullah  Hyuk Jun Lee  Young Ho Joo  Ouk Kyu Han  Adegbola T. Adesogan  Sam Churl Kim 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):140-148

This study estimated the effects of hybrid and bacterial inoculant on fermentation quality and fatty acid profile of barley silages. Yuyeon (Silkless) and Youngyang (Silking) barley hybrids were harvested at 24.9 and 27.1% dry matter, respectively, and chopped to 10 cm lengths. Each hybrid was treated with or without an inoculant (2 × 10⁴ colony‐forming units/g of Lactobacillus plantarum). A total of 48 silos were prepared in an experiment with a 2 × 2 (hybrid × inoculant) treatment arrangement with four replications and three ensiling durations (2, 7 and 100 days). After 100 days of ensiling, Yuyeon silage had higher (P < 0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility and C18:3n‐3 than Youngyang silage. Youngyang silage had higher (P < 0.05) acetic acid and C18:2n‐6 than Yuyeon silage. Inoculation reduced the C18:3n‐3 concentration of both hybrids and increased (P < 0.05) the C18:2n‐6 of Youngyang. However, fermentation quality was not improved by the inoculant. These results indicate that Yuyeon hybrid might have better potential benefits on animal performances due to its smooth awn and silkless nature, and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility. Its higher C18:3n‐3 would be better for improving fatty acid profile of meat or milk than Youngyang hybrid.  相似文献   

Effect of fermented total mixed rations on the growth performance,carcass and meat quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers          下载免费PDF全文

Tae‐Il Kim  Vijayakumar Mayakrishnan  Dong‐Hyun Lim  Jeong‐Ha Yeon  Kwang‐Soo Baek 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(3):606-615

This study was conducted to assess the effects of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits of Hanwoo steers. The present study evidenced that the FTMR had a strong effect on dry matter intake, body weight, daily gain, slaughter weight and carcass characteristics compared with control animals. The results showed that the dry matter intake (7.17 ± 0.13 kg), average body weight (615.20 ± 112.82 kg), and daily gain (0.56 ± 0.16 kg) were greater in animals receiving FTMR than in control animals (P < 0.05). The meat quality characteristics indicated that cooking loss and the pH values did not vary between control and FTMR treated animals; however, animals in the treated groups (FTMR) had higher meat quality grades, carcass weight (396.13 ± 18.35), fat thickness (13.25 ± 1.75), marbling score (5.63 ± 0.56), meat color (40.06 ± 1.23), crude fat (18.39 ± 1.32) and sensory characteristics (flavor 5.03 ± 0.17; tenderness 4.42 ± 0.33; juiciness 5.10 ± 0.16). Nevertheless, the shear force values decreased significantly in FTMR‐treated animals compared with control group steers. Overall, FTMR may not only improve the growth performance, biochemical metabolites, and fatty and acetic acid profiles of steers, but may also enhance the carcass and meat quality characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Regarding economics, our research findings suggest that FTMR‐based feeds may enhance Hanwoo steer meat quality at a low cost.  相似文献   

Appropriate endotracheal tube size selection using thoracic radiography in dogs: a clinical trial     

Chi Won Shin  Seungji Kim  Won-gyun Son  Min Jang  Hyunseok Kim  Hyungjoo Han  Jeesoo Cha  Inhyung Lee 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):885.e14-885.e15

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Zoonotic origin and transmission of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the UAE          下载免费PDF全文

Y. Tao  Y. M. Eltahir  E. A. Elsayed  B. A. Marzoug  O. K. A. Bensalah  A. I. Khalafalla  M. Al Mulla  A. Khudhair  K. A. Elkheir  Z. B. Issa  K. Pradeep  F. N. Elsaleh  H. Imambaccus  J. Sasse  S. Weber  M. Shi  J. Zhang  Y. Li  H. Pham  L. Kim  A. J. Hall  S. I. Gerber  S. Tong  S. S. M. Al Muhairi 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(3):322-333

Since the emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) in 2012, there have been a number of clusters of human‐to‐human transmission. These cases of human‐to‐human transmission involve close contact and have occurred primarily in healthcare settings, and they are suspected to result from repeated zoonotic introductions. In this study, we sequenced whole MERS‐CoV genomes directly from respiratory samples collected from 23 confirmed MERS cases in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). These samples included cases from three nosocomial and three household clusters. The sequences were analysed for changes and relatedness with regard to the collected epidemiological data and other available MERS‐CoV genomic data. Sequence analysis supports the epidemiological data within the clusters, and further, suggests that these clusters emerged independently. To understand how and when these clusters emerged, respiratory samples were taken from dromedary camels, a known host of MERS‐CoV, in the same geographic regions as the human clusters. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus genomes from six virus‐positive animals were sequenced, and these genomes were nearly identical to those found in human patients from corresponding regions. These data demonstrate a genetic link for each of these clusters to a camel and support the hypothesis that human MERS‐CoV diversity results from multiple zoonotic introductions.  相似文献   

Melt-spinning basalt fibers based on dielectric heating and steady-state process characteristics     

Jong S. Kim  Jung H. Lim  You Huh 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(7):1148-1156

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