Increasing the amount of n-3 fatty acid in meat from young Holstein bulls through nutrition   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Mach N  Devant M  Díaz I  Font-Furnols M  Oliver MA  García JA  Bach A 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(11):3039-3048

Fifty-four Holstein bulls were blocked by initial BW (301 +/- 7.4 kg) and randomly assigned to 6 treatments following a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, with 3 concentrate lipid levels (5, 8, and 11% of DM) and 2 lipid sources (whole canola seed and whole linseed), with the objective of evaluating the possibility of increasing the content of n-3 fatty acids in meat. Concentrates (mostly corn meal) were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Concentrate and straw were both fed ad libitum. Animal BW was recorded every 2 wk, and feed consumption was recorded weekly. Ruminal pH and VFA concentrations were determined monthly. Bulls were transported to the slaughterhouse when they achieved the target slaughter weight of 443 kg (after 105 +/- 4 d of fattening). After slaughter, a sample of LM from the sixth to the eighth ribs was dissected and analyzed for intramuscular fat content and fatty acid profile. Dietary lipid source did not affect overall animal performance, rumen fermentation, or carcass quality. Rumen pH was >6.0 despite consumption by the bulls of large amounts of concentrate. In bulls fed linseed, the percentage of n-3 fatty acids in LM increased linearly with lipid level, whereas in bulls fed canola seed it remained constant. The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower (P < 0.01) in the LM of bulls fed linseed (10.0) than in those fed canola seed (26.0). The content of cis-9, trans-11-CLA in the LM tended (P = 0.06) to be greater in the bulls fed linseed than in those fed canola seed (62.9 vs. 49.2 mg/kg of LM, respectively). Concentration of n-3 fatty acids in meat of bulls fed high-concentrate diets can be enhanced by whole linseed supplementation without affecting animal performance, ruminal fermentation, or carcass quality.  相似文献   

Pesticide exposure assessment for surface waters in the EU. Part 2: Determination of statistically based run‐off and drainage scenarios for Germany          下载免费PDF全文

Martin Bach  Mirjam Diesner  Dietlinde Großmann  Djamal Guerniche  Udo Hommen  Michael Klein  Roland Kubiak  Alexandra Müller  Jan Priegnitz  Kai Thomas  Matthias Trapp 《Pest management science》2017,73(5):852-861

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Applying Chemometrics to Determine Dispersion of Mine Tailing-Affected Sediments from Submarine Tailing Disposal in Bøkfjorden,Northern Norway     

Anne Mette T. Simonsen  Kristine B. Pedersen  Lis Bach  Beata Sternal  Juho Junttila  Bo Elberling 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(6):206

Mine tailing management is one of the largest environmental issues related to mining operation. This study uses chemometrics to assess the dispersion of iron mine tailing-affected sediments in Bøkfjorden, Northern Norway. Metal concentrations (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) and physico-chemical sediment characteristics (conductivity, organic matter, sulphate, chloride, grain size, CaCO₃, pH) were analysed in seven sediment cores collected in a transect out of the fjord along with two reference cores. Results of hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis allowed to distinguish between mine tailing-affected and non-affected sediments. Non-affected sediments were especially characterised by high levels of organic matter whilst mine tailing-affected sediments varied significantly in sediment characteristics depending on location in the fjord. Crucial parameters to reveal mine tailing-affected sediments varied between the target metal Fe along with metals of Cd and Mn, albeit less significant. Variations in mine tailing-affected sediment characteristics could be attributed to other anthropogenic activities in the fjord. Despite potential disturbances, chemometrics made it possible to identify dispersion of mine tailing-affected sediments to cover the inner and middle parts of the fjord. The study demonstrates the advantage of applying chemometrics on complex fjord systems, which in this case was used to distinguish mine tailing-affected sediments from areas with elevated levels of metals not necessarily related to the mine.  相似文献   

Comparison of the efficacy of small and large‐bore thoracostomy tubes for pleural space evacuation in canine cadavers          下载免费PDF全文

Tara J. Fetzer DVM  Julie M. Walker DVM  DACVECC  Jonathan F. Bach DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(3):301-306

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Effect of some ergosterol biosynthesis inhibiting fungicides on sterols and cytochrome P-450 from the Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix     

Jean-Louis Rivire  Pierre Leroux  Jocelyne Bach  Michel Gredt 《Pest management science》1984,15(3):317-323

Nine fungicides that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis (diclobutrazol, fenarimol, fenpropimorph, imazalil, nuarimol, prochloraz, propiconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol) and one plant growth regulator (ancymidol) were administered to Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix). Most of these compounds had a moderate or no effect, but prochloraz, imazalil and, to a lesser extent, propiconazole were shown to produce a dramatic increase in liver weight and cytochrome P-450 level. These three compounds were also found to be potent in-vitro inhibitors of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-de-ethylase and aniline hydroxylase, thus resulting in a biphasic effect on drug-metabolising enzymes. With these three compounds, and some others, an accumulation of lanosterol in liver was also observed, suggesting an inhibition of sterol synthesis.  相似文献   

Physiologic studies of maturity diagnosis in the calf and its relationship to the postnatal condition     

H J Schwark  U Auerswald  H G Beckert  S Bach  K Georgi 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1990,44(1):45-52

The parameters of kidney, lung, and skin maturity, known from human medicine, were for the first time determined from amniotic fluid of cattle. Given the difference in placentation, it is not known whether the conditions of the human fetus can be fully applied to the bovine fetus, the detectability of such maturity criteria may be indicative of comparable morphokinetic conditions in the bovine fetus. All physiological parameters investigated exhibited difference to the benefit of surviving calves. Positive correlations were found to exist between the lecithin/sphingomyelin quotient and body weight gain in the first week of age as well as drinking behaviour of the calves. Hence, insufficient concentration of surface-active phospholipids in calf breeding has measurable effects on quantitatively definable characteristics.  相似文献   

Influence of thymic hormone on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in Marek's disease     

P Quere  G Dambrine  M A Bach 《Veterinary microbiology》1989,19(1):53-64

A reduction in the secretion of thymic hormones, and in particular thymulin, can be demonstrated in chickens following the thymic atrophy induced by Marek's disease virus (MDV) infection. In very sensitive histocompatible (B13/B13) chickens inoculated with the HPRS-16 strain of MDV at 10 days of age, treatment with synthetic thymulin by daily subcutaneous injection failed to modify the time course of Marek's disease (MD) and did not prevent the development of macroscopic tumors. No effect was noted on the levels of neutralizing anti-viral antibodies. Nevertheless, thymulin treatment resulted in significant suppression of the cellular immune response 4-6 weeks post-inoculation, monitored by splenic cytotoxicity against MD-specific and natural killer-sensitive lymphoblastoid cell lines.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse der Anwendung von Gonave®"Berlin Chemie" zur Ovulationsinduktion in der Spontanbrunst beim Rind     

H. Böhme  S. Bach  W. Busch  W. Letz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1988,23(4):201-207

Inhalt: Gonavet®“Berlin Chemie”, ein synthetisches Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon, wurde zur Ovulationsinduktion bei spontan brünstigen Rindern eingesetzt. Verabreicht wurden 0,1 mg Gonavet vor der Insemination in einer Zeitspanne von maximal vier Stunden. Die Erprobung umfaβte 935 Versuchs- und 911 Kontrolltiere in 12 Betrieben. Bei allen Tieren wurde ca. 24 Stunden nach der Insemination eine Ovulationskontrolle vorgenommen. Ovulations- und Trächtigkeitsrate dienten als Prüfparameter. Die Ovulationsrate konnte um 10,4% angehoben werden; in elf von zwölf Herden ging der Anteil an nicht termingerechten Ovulationen zurück. Die Trächtigkeitsrate wurde um 6,1% verbessert. Von den zwölf Herden trat eine Erhöhung der TR in acht ein (1,1 bis 17,5%), in einer Herde waren die Konzeptionsergebnisse bei Versuchs- und Kontrolltieren identisch und in drei Herden erzielte die Kontrollgruppe bessere Trächtigkeitsergebnisse (2,1 bis 9,7%). Die Anwendung des Praparates ist bei Tieren mit einer Ovulationsstorung angezeigt. Contents: The induction of ovulation in the spontaneous estrous in cattle by Gonavet “Berlin Chemie” Gonave®“Berlin Chemie”, a synthetic gonadotropinreleasing-hormone was used for induction of ovulation in spontaneously estrous cattle. 0.1 mg Gonavet were applied no more than 4 hours prior to insemination. A total of 935 experimental and 911 control animals of 12 farms were included into the study. Ovulation was assessed in all animals about 24 hrs following insemination. Rates of ovulation and pregnancy were used as endpoints. Ovulation rate was increased 10.4%; in 11 out of 12 farms, the number of on-time ovulations improved. Rate of pregnancy also improved for 6.1%. In about 8 out of the 12 herds pregnancy rate increased between 1.1 and 17.5%. In one herd conception rates were not different between experimental and control animals. In three herds the control groups had better conception rates (2.1 to 9.7% increase) when compared to experimental groups. Gonavet® ist indicated in cases of ovulatory problems.  相似文献   

Effects of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acids on survival of Oesophagostomum dentatum in pigs     

Petkevicius S  Murrell KD  Bach Knudsen KE  Jørgensen H  Roepstorff A  Laue A  Wachmann H 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,122(4):293-301

The direct influence of intracaecal infusion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactic acids (LA) on already established Oesophagostomum dentatum infection in cannulated pigs was investigated. We tested the hypothesis that the previously discovered anti-parasitic effect of inulin is mediated through its metabolic products SCFA and LA by infusing into cannulated pigs these compounds in amounts approximating to those produced in the pigs large intestine and caecum during the metabolism of inulin. The experiment comprised of 18 pigs--2 groups of 9 pigs in each. The normal diet used in the experiment was based on barley flour with insoluble fibre from oat husk with added soybean meal, vitamins and minerals. After 2 weeks of adaptation to the diet all the pigs were inoculated with 6,000 infective larvae of O. dentatum. Six weeks later, surgery on all pigs was performed to install cannulas into caeci. At 7 weeks post-infection (p.i.) the SCFA and LA infusion was initiated in Group 1 (experimental) pigs; at the same time pigs in Group 2 (controls) were infused with saline. At week 10 p.i., all pigs were killed and their worm burdens determined. SCFA and LA infused pigs exhibited markedly reduced fecal egg counts and worm recoveries (98 and 92% reduction, respectively, compared to saline controls). The results from this study demonstrate that SCFA and LA have a significant negative influence on established O. dentatum infection in growing pigs. The results also show that the type of dietary carbohydrates fed and its intestinal degradation can yield metabolic by products that profoundly influence helminth survival.  相似文献   

Aragonit-Konkretionen in Dolomit-Rendzinen     

H. SticherR. Bach 《Geoderma》1971

The subsoil of dolomitic rendzinas of the Swiss National Park (Grisons) often consists of loose dolomite detritus. Where the lower surface of dolomite fragments is adjacent to a packing void it has often been found to be covered with irregular, mostly vertical, concretions of 1–10 mm length and 1–3 mm diameter. X-ray and infrared analyses have shown the concretions to be composed of microcristalline aragonite and calcite in varying proportions.  相似文献