First records of two mealybugs,Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) and Phenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willink,in Tunisia and the North of Africa          下载免费PDF全文

M. Ben Halima‐Kamel  J. F. Germain  L. Mdellel 《EPPO Bulletin》2015,45(1):139-143

During the summer and autumn of 2014 the mealybugs Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and Phenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willink, 2007 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were observed in different localities of Sousse (Tunisia). This is the first record for both of these species in Tunisia and in North Africa. For M. hirsutus, this was also the first record of the species in a Western Mediterranean country. It was observed on Hibiscus rosa‐sinensis (Malvacae). P. peruvianus was collected from Bougainvillea glabra (Nyctaginaceae) and Citharexylum quadrangularis (Verbenacae).  相似文献   

Genetic variation in target‐site resistance to pyrethroids and pirimicarb in Tunisian populations of the peach potato aphid,Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)          下载免费PDF全文

Kamel Charaabi  Sonia Boukhris‐Bouhachem  Mohamed Makni  Brian Fenton  Ian Denholm 《Pest management science》2016,72(12):2313-2320

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Attenuation of Schistosoma mansoni cercarial infectivity to albino mice by methanol extract of some plant species     

E.G. Kamel  S.S.M. Mahmoud  F.E. Bayaumy 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,98(3):342-348

This study elucidates the activity of certain plants’ methanol extract: Anagallis arvensis, Solanum nigrum (green fruits), Chenopodium ambrosioides, Calendula officinalis and Sesbania sesban, on the infectivity of S. mansoni cercariae to albino mice. Then, some parasitological parameters, e.g. the worm load/mouse, number of ova/g tissue in liver and intestine and the developmental stages of ova in the small intestinal wall (Oogram) of infected mice were determined. In addition, certain biochemical parameters of serum from infected mice (total protein, albumin, the activities of AlT, AsT, AcP and AkP enzymes) were, also, recorded.The results showed that exposure of S. mansoni cercariae for 30 min to the tested plants’ methanol extract before mice infection has a higher suppressive effect on their infectivity to albino mice then those exposed to this extract during mice infection. The number of worms recovered/infected mouse and the number of ova/g tissue from liver and intestine of mice groups infected with cercariae exposed to the tested plants’ methanol extract either pre- or during mice infection were less than those of infected control groups (e.g. the reduction rates of worm load/mouse and number of ova/g tissue in the intestine were 46.1% and 76.8%, respectively, for mice infected with cercariae exposed to 5 ppm of A. arvensis during mice infection).The results, also, indicated that exposing S. mansoni cercariae to methanol extract of the experimental plants either pre- or during mice infection reduced the activities of the enzymes AlT, AsT, AcP and AkP that were elevated in mice infected with untreated cercariae, meanwhile, the concentrations of total protein and albumin were increased in the serum of mice infected with these treated cercariae in comparison with those of mice group infected with untreated cercariae.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Harmonia axyridis in Tunisia          下载免费PDF全文

M. Ben Halima Kamel  L. Mdellel  S. Zouari  R. Adouani 《EPPO Bulletin》2018,48(2):307-308

In a study on the population dynamics of insect pests on Pinus halepensis in Chott Mariem, two specimens of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, were found. This is the first record of this species in Tunisia.  相似文献   

Bimetallic blends and chitosan nanocomposites: novel antifungal agents against cotton seedling damping-off     

Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam  Alexander Yu. Vasil’kov  Ernest E. Said-Galiev  Margarita S. Rubina  Alexei R. Khokhlov  Alexander V. Naumkin  Eleonora V. Shtykova  Mousa A. Alghuthaymi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(1):57-71

Anthracnose disease caused by fungal pathogen Colletotrichum capsici is considered to be one of the most destructive diseases in chilli cultivation as it infects and leads to complete destruction of the crop by infecting the mature fruit in the field and/or during the storage period. The management of the disease is difficult due to the absence of any resistant cultivar and effective fungicide. The current study was initiated to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of the biosurfactant produced by strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa JS29 for biological control of anthracnose disease. The results revealed significant disease reduction using biosurfactant in plant assay which were challenge-inoculated with the fungal spore. In vitro experiments clearly showed that the biosurfactant can effectively inhibit the growth of both spore and mycelia of the pathogen. Moreover, the biosurfactant can also effectively inhibit the fungal growth in detached-fruit assay in different storage conditions. The study confirmed that the biosurfactant has tremendous potential to become a viable, cost-effective and environment-friendly alternative for managing anthracnose disease in field and in post-harvest storage condition.  相似文献   

FSSIM, a bio-economic farm model for simulating the response of EU farming systems to agricultural and environmental policies     

Kamel Louhichi  Argyris Kanellopoulos  Sander Janssen  Guillermo Flichman  Huib Hengsdijk  Paul Berentsen  Martin Van Ittersum 《Agricultural Systems》2010,103(8):585-597

The disciplinary nature of most existing farm models as well as the issue specific orientation of most of the studies in agricultural systems research are main reasons for the limited use and re-use of bio-economic modelling for the ex-ante integrated assessment of policy decisions. The objective of this article is to present a bio-economic farm model that is generic and re-usable for different bio-physical and socio-economic contexts, facilitating the linking of micro and macro analysis or to provide detailed analysis of farming systems in a specific region. Model use is illustrated in this paper with an analysis of the impacts of the CAP reform of 2003 for arable and livestock farms in a context of market liberalization. Results from the application of the model to representative farms in Flevoland (the Netherlands) and Midi-Pyrenees (France) shows that CAP reform 2003 under market liberalization will cause substantial substitution of root crops and durum wheat by vegetables and oilseed crops. Much of the set-aside area will be put into production intensifying the existing farming systems. Abolishment of the milk quota system will cause an increase of the average herd size. The average total gross margin of farm types in Flevoland decreases while the average total gross margin of farms in Midi-Pyrenees increases. The results show that the model can simulate arable and livestock farm types of two regions different from a bio-physical and socio-economic point of view and it can deal with a variety of policy instruments. The examples show that the model can be (re-)used as a basis for future research and as a comprehensive tool for future policy analysis.  相似文献   

Kinetics of heterogeneous photocatalytic decomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid over titanium dioxide and zinc oxide in aqueous solution     

Kamel Djebbar  Tahar Sehili 《Pest management science》1998,54(3):269-276

The photocatalytic transformation of 2,4-D in aqueous solution containing a suspension of titanium dioxide or zinc oxide leads to the formation of intermediates which are totally mineralised to carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride (2,4-dichlorophenol and chlorohydroquinone are the major intermediates). The products at the initial stage of the reaction were 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), chlorohydroquinone, 4-chloropyrocatechol, 2,4-dichloropyrocatechol and 1,4-chlorobenzoquinone. The initial rate of photodegradation was studied as a function of the initial concentration of reactants by the linearised form of the Langmuir–Hinshelwood equation, by which rate constants k and equilibrium adsorption constants K were evaluated. These constants were calculated at different temperatures between 25 and 60°C. The photodegradation rate increased with increase of pH. The photocatalytic transformation of 2,4-D over titanium dioxide or zinc oxide in solution containing hydrogen peroxide was studied. The latter accelerated the reaction rate of 2,4-D significantly. It was found that chloride or bicarbonate ions slowed down the photodegradation rate of 2,4-D by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. Partial inhibition by ethanol is attributed to scavenging of the OH radicals involved in the first step of the reaction. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Dyeing of modified acrylic fibers with curcumin and madder natural dyes     

Reda M. El-Shishtawy  G. M. Shokry  Nahed S. E. Ahmed  M. M. Kamel 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(5):617-624

Hydrophobic fibers are highly crysta lline and non-polar polymers hence pose a big problem for dyers. Modified acrylic fiber containing different amounts of amidoxime groups as a function of the nitrogen content was obtained and dyed with curcumin and madder natural dyes. The dyeing parameters, such as dye concentration, dye bath pH, salt concentration, temperature, and time and the effect of alum and ferrous sulfate used as mordants were investigated. Compared with the dyeings obtained from modified acrylics, those of blank samples appeared less in color strength values. The color strength was proportional to the nitrogen content of the sample and the maximum value was obtained at pH 2 and pH 5 using madder and curcumin, respectively. The fixation of the dye molecules to the modified acrylic fibers was investigated to show mainly ionic and physical bonds. The washing, perspiration, and rubbing fastness properties for the dyed samples were enhanced by application of alum. The light fastness ratings were also improved using ferrous sulfate especially for the case of the samples dyed with madder.  相似文献   

First report of Zaprionus indianus and Z. tuberculatus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Tunisia     

M. Ben Halima Kamel  Z. Ben Cheik  S. Zouari  L. Mdellel  V. Balmès 《EPPO Bulletin》2020,50(2):307-310

In October 2019, unusual damage was observed on Carissa macrocarpa (Apocynaceae) fruit at the ornamental nursery of the Higher Agronomic Institute (ISA CM), Chott Mariem (Sousse, Tunisia). Samples of fruit were collected and brought to the laboratory for observation and rearing. After a few days, adult flies emerged from infested fruit. Zaprionus indianus Gupta, Z. tuberculatus Malloch (Diptera Drosophilidae) and Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera, Tephritidae) were identified morphologically. Information on the morphology, distribution and ecology of the two Zaprionus species are provided. This is the first record of Z. indianus and Z. tuberculatus in Tunisia.  相似文献   

Emergence de Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) sur culture protégée de piment (Solanaceae) en zone subsaharienne (Algérie)     

O. Mostefaoui  M. Sekour  V. Balmès  M. Ben Halima Kamel 《EPPO Bulletin》2020,50(3):572-575

In Algeria, the Mediterranean fruit fly has long been associated with fruit production in coastal regions with a temperate climate. But with climate change, especially in autumn and spring, this fly has spread and attacks other host plants. The medfly appeared in the sub-Saharan area of Souf region (Algeria) on chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) under protected crops and causes significant damage.  相似文献