Emergence en Tunisie d'un nouveau pathotype de Verticillium alboatrum pouvant attaquer les cultivars de tomate possédant le gène de résistance Ve     

M. R. Hajlaoui  S. Gargouri  A. Guermech  et N. Hamza 《EPPO Bulletin》2003,33(2):343-345

Au cours du printemps 2002, une grave maladie s'est manifestée dans une culture de tomate (cv. Collibri) de primeur sous abris-serres dans une exploitation située à Chott Mariem (120 km au sud de Tunis). Les plantes attaquées montrent les symptômes caractéristiques d'une maladie vasculaire. L'isolement de l'agent pathogène à partir des vaisseaux à différents niveaux de la tige des plantes malades a révélé systématiquement la présence de Verticillium alboatrum . La virulence de ce nouveau pathotype de V. alboatrum a été vérifiée sur quatre cultivars de tomate portant le gène de résistance Ve et comparée à un témoin sensible. Ce nouveau pathotype a montré une virulence accrue aussi bien chez les cultivars résistants que chez le témoin sensible entraînant une réduction de la croissance de 18%à 34%, le dessèchement des feuilles et le brunissement des vaisseaux. Ces résultats confirment la présence pour la première fois en Tunisie d'un nouveau pathotype de V. alboatrum pouvant attaquer les cultivars de tomate pourvus du gène de résistance Ve .  相似文献   

利用饲料保护仔猪消化道的三个步骤     

Chris Kamel  Josep Gasa  孔祥峰  马洁莹 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2008,28(6)

西班牙研究人员Chris Kamel 和 Josep Gasa博士说,可以考虑配合使用有机酸、植物提取物和益生元等营养性饲料添加剂保护仔猪消化道.Kamel博士是西班牙Tarragona Carotenoid Technologies(CaroTech)-Investiga-cioneS Quimicasy Farmaceuticas(IQF)的技术和业务发展部经理,该公司在全球范围研发和推广类胡萝卜素和饲料添加剂.Gasa博士是西班牙巴塞罗那Autonomous大学兽医科学院的全职教授,于2002年到2005年任该院的院长.自1996年起,他的团队就开始从事日粮配方和保健日粮在促进动物生产和健康中作用的研究.  相似文献   

Changes in fatty acid composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruit during maturation     

Kamel Msaada  Karim Hosni  Mouna Ben Taarit  Thouraya Chahed  Mohamed Hammami  Brahim Marzouk 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):269-274

Changes in fatty acids were studied during maturation of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruits cultivated in the North-East of Tunisia (Charfine). The fruits matured in 55 days after flowering (DAF). Oil and petroselinic acid synthesis proceeded at a steady rate up to 32 DAF. The first results showed a rapid oil accumulation started at newly formed fruits (9.6 ± 0.2%) and continued until their full maturity (26.4 ± 0.5%). During fruit maturation, fatty acid profiles varied significantly among the nine stages of maturity. At the 32th DAF, palmitoleic, gadoleic, erucic and docosahexenoic acids were not detected and petroselinic acid had a highest amount (84.8 ± 4.5%). Fruits development resulted mainly in an increase of petroselinic acid and a decrease of palmitic acid (C16:0). At full maturity, the main fatty acids were petroselinic acid (80.9 ± 5.7%), followed by linoleic (13.6 ± 2.9%), palmitic (3.6 ± 0.1%) and stearic (0.7 ± 0.1%) acids. Saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly and monounsaturated fatty acids increased during maturation of coriander fruit. Coriander fruits at the first four stages of maturity have a healthy nutritional value and the last five stages were with important economic and industrial applications. Results of this study indicate that the variation in the fatty acid composition of coriander fruit during maturation may be useful in understanding the source of nutritionally and industrially important fatty acids in this fruit. Coriander fruit is potentially an important source of petroselinic acid which has numerous industrial applications.  相似文献   

Isolement et identification morphologique et moléculaire des espèces de Fusarium transmises par les semences de pastèque     

S. Gargouri  M. R. Hajlaoui  M. Abdennadher  M. Marrakchi 《EPPO Bulletin》2000,30(2):217-222

L'analyse fongique des semences de pastèque a révélé leur contamination par différentes espèces de Fusarium. En se basant sur des critères morphologiques et des analyses de I'ADNr, quatre espèces de Fusarium ont été identifiées. II s'agit de F. oxysporum, F. solani, F. moniliforme et F. equiseti. L'amplification de I'ADN ribosomique par deux amorces universelles suivie de digestion enzymatique a permis de distinguer entre les différentes espèces de Fusarium isolées à partir des semences de pastèque. La pathogénicité des isolats de chaque espèce de Fusarium a été testée sur des plants de pastèque sensibles (cv. Sugar Baby). Sur la base de ces tests d'inoculation, les isolats pathogènes de F. oxysporum et F. solani ont été séparés des non pathogènes. Tous les isolats de F. moniliforme et F. equiseti testés se sont révélées non pathogènes sur pastèque.  相似文献   

Vitamin C deficiency in the catfish Clarias gariepinus   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Adham  Hashem  Abu-Shabana  & Kamel 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2000,6(2):129-139

Regardless of the absence of spinal deformities, vitamin C deprivation in adult-sized Clarias gariepinus challenged the physical integrity and survival of fish, inducing changes that greatly resembled those of fingerlings of other species. Vitamin C was presumed to be a dietary facilitator, which when deprived in the diet of C. gariepinus , would obstruct intestinal absorption of iron and/or impair its release from the reticulo-endothelial stores. This impaired erythrocyte synthesis led into anaemia (as indicated by lowered levels of red blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit). Leukopenia noted in fish on a scorbutic (lacking vitamin C) diet suggested functional depression of phagocytic engulfment with increased susceptibility to the deteriorating action of pathogenic agents. Changes in histology included hypertrophy, oedematous separation and telangiectasia of gill lamellae. Shrunken glomeruli, sloughed Bowman's capsules and tubular dilation and distortion were also shown. Shrunken hepatocytes and the occurrence of yellowish ceroid pigments were the concrete histopathological signs in liver. Vitamin C is thus suggested as a potent antioxidant that offers protection against oxidative damage to various fish tissues.  相似文献   

Thermochromism of Diaryldisulfides     

Mustafa A  Kamel M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1953,118(3067):411-413

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Effect of a diet containing date pits on growth performance,diet digestibility,and economic evaluation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)     

Kamel  Eman R.  Mohammed  Liza S.  Abdelfattah  Fathy A. I. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(1):339-346

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study was performed to investigate the effect of feeding different levels of date pits (DP) to growing Japanese quails on growth performance, diet...  相似文献   

Patterns of morpho-phenological and genetic variation of Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv. complex in Tunisia     

Neji  Mohamed  Geuna  Filippo  Gandour  Mhemmed  Hessini  Kamel  Taamalli  Wael  Abdelly  Chedly 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(2):577-586

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The genus Brachypodium is generally considered taxonomically difficult because of the high levels of phenotypic variation and frequent...  相似文献   

Are changes in membrane lipids and fatty acid composition related to salt‐stress resistance in wild and cultivated barley?     

Najla Chalbi  Kamel Hessini  Mhemmed Gandour  Salma Naeit Mohamed  Abderrazek Smaoui  Chedly Abdelly  Nabil Ben Youssef 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2013,176(2):138-147

The possibility to use membrane‐lipid measurements to screen barley genotypes for salt resistance was studied. The results showed that wild barley (Hordeum maritimum) displayed a typical halophytic response as compared to cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Manel). Growth, tissue hydration, and photosynthetic activity were less affected by salinity in H. maritimum than in H. vulgare. The induced effects of long‐term NaCl treatment were reflected in root membrane lipids that remained relatively unchanged in wild barley, whilst they were significantly diminished with increasing salinity in H. vulgare. The levels of membrane‐lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage were changed only at high salt concentrations in H. maritimum whereas those of H. vulgare were considerably increased by lower salinity levels as a result of oxidative damage. These findings indicate that maintained membrane integrity (in H. Maritimum) may be considered a possible trait for salt resistance. However, membrane fluidity in H. vulgare was more increased than in H. maritimum. Thus, the unsaturated–to–saturated fatty acid ratio (UFAs : SFAs) and the double‐bond index (DBI), significantly increased in response to salt stress in cultivated barley while it did not change in H. maritimum. The changes in lipid unsaturation were predominantly due to increases in linolenic (C_18:3), linoleic (C_18:2), and oleic (C_18:1) acids and decreases in stearic acid (C_18:0). These results suggest that, in spite of being important for maintenance of membrane fluidity, the ability to increase unsaturation is not a determinant factor for salt resistance in barley species.  相似文献   

Chemical composition of Eucalyptus erythrocorys essential oils and evaluation of their herbicidal and antifungal activities     

Asma Ben Ghnaya  Mohsen Hanana  Ismail Amri  Hazar Balti  Samia Gargouri  Bassem Jamoussi  Lamia Hamrouni 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(3):571-577

The chemical composition of essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Tunisian Eucalyptus erythrocorys Linn. was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Fifteen compounds were identified, representing 97 % of total oil, which was found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (66.7 %), particularly in 1,8-cineole (54.8 %). The yield and the physico-chemical properties of oil were determined. The study of antifungal activity revealed that E. erythrocorys essential oil significantly inhibited the growth of five plant pathogenic fungi especially Bipolaris sorikiniana and Botritys cinerea. Moreover, herbicidal properties of the oil, tested on Sinapis arvensis L. and Phalaris canariensis L. indicated that the E. erythrocorys oil completely inhibited the seed germination at high concentration (1.5 μl/ml), while at low doses (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 μl/ml) the oil acted by decreasing and delaying the germination and inhibiting the seedling growth of all tested weeds.  相似文献