香茅精油对两种主要储粮害虫的控制作用   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

肖洪美  屠康 《粮食储藏》2008,37(3):8-11

研究了香茅精油对玉米象、赤拟谷盗的控制作用.结果表明,香茅精油对玉米象和赤拟谷盗都有很强的驱避性,对赤拟谷盗的驱避性随着时间的延长有增强的趋势.对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的成虫都保持了较强的的熏蒸活性.对玉米象有较强的触杀活性,而对赤拟谷盗的触杀活性较弱.剂量为0.15%(v/w)的香茅精油的丙酮稀释液对玉米象成虫的种群抑制率在第6天达到100%,剂量为0.1%(v/w)的香茅精油的丙酮稀释液对赤拟谷盗成虫的种群抑制率在第6天也达到了100%.研究表明香茅精油具有作为储粮保护剂的开发潜力.  相似文献   

鸭血中SOD的提取及稳定性研究     

周亚迪  李诚  康斌  范成敏  刘亚 《农产品加工．学刊》2011,(10):21-24

为充分利用鸭血资源,以新鲜鸭血为原料,利用响应面分析法对鸭血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的提取工艺进行优化,并初步研究了SOD在不同条件下的稳定性。结果表明,乙醇与氯仿的体积比4∶5,溶血球与沉淀剂的体积比1∶1,静置时间25.5 min,SOD比活为1 000.91 U/mg;在pH值4.0～6.0,50℃温度以下SOD具有良好的稳定性。  相似文献   

DNA profiling and genetic diversity of Korean soybean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Glycine max</Emphasis> (L.) Merrill) landraces by SSR markers     

Mun Sup Yoon  Jeongran Lee  Chang Yung Kim  Jung Hoon Kang  Eun Gi Cho  Hyung Jin Baek 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):69-77

Approximately 7,000 accessions of Korean soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) landraces, largely composed of three collections, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s soybean (KAS), the Korean Crop Experiment Station’s soybean (KLS) and the Korean Agricultural Development and Technology Center’s soybean (KADTC) collections, have been conserved at the Rural Development Administration (RDA) genebank in Korea. The accessions within collections were classified based on their traditional uses such as sauce soybean (SA), sprouted soybean (SP), soybean for cooking with rice (SCR), and OTHERS. A total of 2,758 accessions of Korean soybean landraces were used to profile and to evaluate genetic structure using six SSR loci. A total of 110 alleles were revealed by at the six SSR loci. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 9 to 39 in Satt187 and Satt_074, respectively. The number of alleles ranged from 87 in the KADTC collection to 96 in the KLS collection, and from 63 in the SCR group to 95 in the SP group. Nei’s average genetic diversity ranged from 0.68 to 0.70 across three collections, and 0.64 to 0.69 across the usage groups. The average between-group differentiation (G _st) was 0.9 among collections, and 4.1 among the usage groups. The similar average diversity among three collections implies that the genetic background of the three collections was quite similar or that there were a large number of duplicate accessions in three collections. The selection from the four groups classified based upon usage may be a useful way to select accessions for developing a Korean soybean landrace core collection at the RDA genebank. DNA profile information of accessions will provide indications of redundancies or omissions and aid in managing the soybean collection held at the RDA genebank. The information on diversity analysis could help to enlarge the genetic diversity of materials in breeding programs and could be used to develop a core collection.  相似文献   

Identification of QTLs associated with salinity tolerance at late growth stage in barley     

Dawei Xue  Youzong Huang  Xiaoqi Zhang  Kang Wei  Sharon Westcott  Chengdao Li  Mingcan Chen  Guoping Zhang  Reg Lance 《Euphytica》2009,169(2):187-196

Salinity is a major abiotic stress to barley (Hordum vulgare L.) growth and yield. In the current study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield and physiological components at the late growth stage under salt stress and non-stress environments were determined in barley using a double haploid population derived from a cross between CM72 (salt-tolerant) and Gairdner (salt-sensitive). A total of 30 QTLs for 10 traits, including tiller numbers (TN), plant height, spikes per line (SPL), spikes per plant (SPP), dry weight per plant, grains per plant, grain yield, shoot Na⁺ (NA) and K⁺ concentraitions (K) in shoot, and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio (NAK), were detected, with 17 and 13 QTLs under non-stress and salt stress, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 3.25 to 29.81%. QTL flanked by markers bPb-1278 and bPb-8437 on chromosomes 4H was associated with TN, SPL, and SPP under salt stress. This locus may be useful in the breeding program of marker-assisted selection for improving salt tolerance of barley. However, QTLs associated with NA, K, and NAK differed greatly between non-stress and salt stress environments. It may be suggested that only the QTLs detected under salt stress are really associated with salt tolerance in barley. D. Xue and Y. Huang contributed equally to the article.  相似文献   

磷酰胺除草剂APM诱导洋葱根尖分生组织细胞异常有丝分裂和蛋白质组分变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王振英  程罗根  陈宏  彭永康 《作物学报》2003,29(4):545-550

研究了不同浓度APM(4～6 μmol/L)和不同处理时间(4～6 h)对洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响.结果表明,当用5.6 μmol/L APM处理洋葱分生组织16 h后,中期细胞有丝分裂指数(Met.Ⅰ)从0.8(对照)分别提高至5.0、5.2.结果也同时表明,当APM浓度超过4 μmol/L时,严重影响细胞有丝分裂.在根尖细胞中,多极分裂细胞(尤其是3～4级),中期染色  相似文献   

金银花多酚氧化酶特异性与抑制剂动力学研究     

罗磊  周燕燕  朱文学  杨彬  屈政  康新艳 《农业机械学报》2014,45(7):202-208

对金银花多酚氧化酶底物特异性和不同抑制剂的抑制效应进行了动力学分析,结果表明:金银花多酚氧化酶的最适作用底物为绿原酸,Km值为0.0059 mmol/L。维生素C、4-己基间苯二酚、L-半胱氨酸对多酚氧化酶的抑制均属可逆抑制,其抑制类型分别属于混合性、竞争性、反竞争性,对游离酶的抑制常数KI分别为1.620、4.587、0 mmol/L,对酶-底物络合物的抑制常数KIS分别为1.995、0、3.780 mmol/L;柠檬酸的抑制效应属不可逆抑制。维生素C、4-己基间苯二酚、L-半胱氨酸、柠檬酸对金银花多酚氧化酶半抑制浓度分别为0.062、0.053、0.140、0.048 mmol/L。  相似文献   

酶—湿热处理对锥栗淀粉理化特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢涛  亢灵涛  唐正辉  杨春丰  高娟 《农业机械学报》2015,46(2):222-227

采用酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉,研究酶用量与脱支时间对复合变性锥栗淀粉理化特性的影响。结果表明:酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉的晶型均为A型,且预期血糖指数(p GI值)大多低于55%,属于低p GI值食品。由体外消化动力学分析、扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射、差示扫描量热、高效阴离子色谱-脉冲安培检测等实验分析得出,酶-湿热处理锥栗淀粉的抗性淀粉含量、分子链平均聚合度(DP值)、相对结晶度和熔融焓等随酶用量和脱支时间的变化表现为3个阶段,尤其在第2阶段,即当酶用量在50~60 U/g且反应时间在12~16 h范围内时,因分子链DP值适合重新聚合形成稳定的结晶结构,抗性淀粉含量、相对结晶度和熔融焓均达到最大。  相似文献   

小型割前脱粒收获机双滚筒恒速控制研究     

刘宏博  何培祥  蒋猛  袁瑛  康杰  赵进  朱康熹 《农机化研究》2016,(9):210-213,223

对一种小型割前脱粒收获机双滚筒恒速控制问题进行了研究。建立了行走速度与滚筒角速度的数学模型,确定了在作物密度不可控的情况下,可以通过控制行走速度来稳定滚筒角速度。进行基本试验得到了收获机在额定工作时的喂入量和滚筒转速范围,以此作为恒速控制的基准值。在实际工作过程中,滚筒转速传感器实时检测滚筒转速反馈给控制器,控制器通过控制步进电机调节变量泵排量来控制收获机减速或加速,从而稳定滚筒转速。试验结果表明:该控制系统提高了割前脱粒收割机双滚筒工作转速的稳定性,减轻了操作者的劳动强度。  相似文献   

基于高光谱图像技术预测苹果大小   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程国首  郭俊先  肉孜·阿木提  饶秀勤  亢银霞  石砦 《农机化研究》2012,34(6):108-112

以新疆红富士苹果为研究对象,探讨应用高光谱图像技术和最小外接矩形法预测其大小的研究方法。提取苹果高光谱图像中可见红色区域受色度影响较小的713nm以及近红外区域793和852nm的3个波长图像,做双波段比运算处理。比较所得双波段比图像可知,852/713双波段比图像中背景和前景灰度对比度最大。对该图像做阈值分割以及形态闭运算去除果梗区域,使用8邻接边界跟踪法得到二值图像的轮廓坐标序列,采用最小外接矩形法求苹果的大小,与实测值建立回归方程。结果表明,基于高光谱图像技术采用波段比算法,结合最小外接矩形法,能够有效地检测苹果大小,预测值与实际值最大绝对误差为3.06mm,均方根误差为1.21mm。  相似文献   

双辊秸秆还田旋耕机试验   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

李永磊  宋建农  康小军  董向前  姜洪喆  彭维钦 《农业机械学报》2013,44(6):45-49

阐述了粉碎刀辊正转、旋耕刀辊反转的双辊秸秆还田机结构特点和作业机理.基于土槽试验台设计了室内旋耕耕作部件试验装置.室内试验结果表明,双辊作业模式具有良好的植被性能和相对较低功耗,其应用于双辊秸秆还田旋耕机是可行的.研制了双辊秸秆还田旋耕机并进行了玉米秸秆还田性能试验,试验结果表明双辊秸秆还田旋耕机可一次完成直立玉米秸秆还田、旋耕碎土等联合作业,秸秆粉碎合格率、根茬破碎率、植被覆盖率、碎土率等可达90％以上.  相似文献