Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of enrofloxacin as a second‐line antibiotic for treatment of acute Escherichia coli mastitis          下载免费PDF全文

Kazuhiro Kawai  Akira Takeda  Michiaki Yamada  Fumi Kayasaki  Nao Kondo  Yoshiko Sasaki  Nahoko Kanai  Takuma Mukai  Naoki Sawaguchi  Masaya Higuchi  Haruka Kondo  Kouki Sugimoto  Akane Yasuda  Aiko Watanabe 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(7):1033-1039

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of enrofloxacin (ERFX) as a second‐line antibiotic for treatment of acute Escherichia coli (E. coli) mastitis. Forty‐two cows with naturally occurring acute E. coli mastitis were enrolled. On the first day of treatment (day 0), empirically selected antibiotics (oxytetracycline: n = 32, kanamycin: n = 10) were administered. Although systemic signs improved in 10 cows (first‐line group), the signs remained unchanged or worsened in 32 cows on day 1, including two cows that were found dead. The 30 surviving cows were randomly assigned to second‐line groups constituting an ERFX group (n = 19) or a control group (n = 11) that was treated with other antibiotics. Response to each treatment was evaluated by measuring clinical signs from day 0 to day 3, subsequent quarter milk recovery, and the 60‐day survival rate. Appetite on day 3 was significantly better in the ERFX group compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed in the 60‐day survival rate or the subsequent milk recovery between the ERFX group and the control group. Thus, the use of ERFX as a second‐line antibiotic for the treatment of acute E. coli mastitis could induce a rapid appetite recovery.  相似文献   

5α-Reductase inhibitory compounds produced by polymerization of resveratrol with horseradish peroxidase     

Yoshio Hirano  Ryuichiro Kondo  Kokki Sakai 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(1):64-68

To produce 5-reductase inhibitory compounds, resveratrol was enzymatically oxidized in a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H₂O₂ system. Ethyl acetate extract of the oxidation products showed strong 5-reductase inhibitory activity with 10%–15% organic solvents in the system, whereas without organic solvent little inhibitory activity was exhibited. The optimum pH of enzymatic oxidation for acquisition of the inhibitory activity was 4.5. The inhibitory compounds were isolated and identified as resveratroltrans-dehydrodimer and resveratrolcis-dehydrodimer by comparing with published nuclear magnetic resonance data. The two resveratrol dehydrodimers have stronger inhibitory activity than natural resveratrol dimers and trimers found inShorea species.  相似文献   

Facile synthesis of rubiadin by microwave heating     

Toshiyuki Takano  Tomomi Kondo  Fumiaki Nakatsubo 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(1):90-92

Rubiadin (4) (1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone), which is one of the natural dyes from the roots of Rubiaceae, was synthesized from phthalic anhydride (1) and 2,6-dihydroxytoluene (3) by two reaction steps, that is, a Friedel-Crafts reaction with AlCl₃ and a cyclization with H₂SO₄/HBO₂. Microwave heating resulted in remarkable acceleration of the reaction rate in the first reaction, and had an effect in reducing the reaction time and increasing the yield of rubiadin (4) in the second reaction.  相似文献   

Morphological features and dietary functional components in fruit bodies of two strains of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pholiota adiposa</Emphasis> grown on artificial beds     

K.?ShimizuEmail author  R.?Fujita  R.?Kondo  K.?Sakai  S.?Kaneko 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(2):193-196

 The morphological features and dietary functional components of two strains (FPF-13 and Oninome-B) of Pholiota adiposa (numerisugitake mushroom) grown on artificial bed blocks were examined. The components examined were chitin, mannitol, trehalose, guanosine 5′-monophosphate, ergosterol, and β-glucan. There was a significant difference in the external shape of the two strains. However, the differences in the contents of functional components between the two strains, as well as between the pilei and stipes of the strains, were small. In both strains the trehalose content was much higher than the mannitol content, in contrast to those of Lentinula edodes. From a commercial point of view, Oninome-B has a clear advantage over other strains of P. adiposa owing to its less removable scale. Received: May 15, 2002 / Accepted: June 10, 2002 Acknowledgment The authors thank Dr. F. Eguchi (Takasaki University of Health and Welfare) for his technical advice on the β-glucan analysis. Part of this report was presented at the 51st Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 2001 Correspondence to:K. Shimizu  相似文献   

Influences of genetic and environmental factors on the concentration of the allergen Cry j 1 in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen     

Goto Y  Kondo T  Hayashi E  Kuramoto N  Takahashi M  Yasueda H 《Tree physiology》2004,24(4):409-414

Pollen from sugi (Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), a forest tree species that is widely grown in Japan, causes serious allergic disease. The major allergens from sugi pollen, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, have been isolated and characterized. It has been reported that Cry j 1 concentration in pollen varies considerably among trees. If Cry j 1 concentration is genetically controlled, the planting of trees with low Cry j 1 concentrations would reduce pollinosis. We investigated genetic and environmental effects on Cry j 1 concentration in eight clones growing at four sites. Concentrations of Cry j 1 in pollen were measured with a monoclonal antibody-based Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The Cry j 1 concentrations differed significantly among clones and sites, but the site x clone interaction was not significant, suggesting that the Cry j 1 concentration is controlled primarily by genetic factors. We examined correlations between Cry j 1 concentration and temperature and precipitation from July through February. Temperature was not significantly related to Cry j 1 concentration, whereas cumulative precipitation during the 8 months and mean daily precipitation in September showed significant negative correlations with Cry j 1 concentration.  相似文献   

Screening of Indonesian plants for tyrosinase inhibitory activity     

Enos Tangke Arung  Irawan Wijaya Kusuma  Yetti Mulyati Iskandar  Seiji Yasutake  Kuniyoshi Shimizu  Ryuichiro Kondo 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(5):520-525

In our efforts to find new tyrosinase inhibitory materials, we investigated 44 Indonesian plants belonging to 24 families for tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The extracts of 5 Artocarpus woods showed potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity (over 80% at 100 μg/ml) similar to a positive control, kojic acid. In Artocarpus woods, the extracts of the sapwoods showed stronger inhibitory activity than those of the heartwoods. Chlorophorin was isolated as one of the active compounds in the sapwood of Artocarpus heterophyllus. The content of chlorophorin in sapwood was higher than that in heartwood. Part of this paper was presented at the 53rd (Fukuoka, March 2003) and 54th (Hokkaido, August 2004) Annual Meetings of the Japan Wood Research Society, and the 5th International Wood Science Symposium (Kyoto, September 2004)  相似文献   

Condensation reactions of phenolic resins VII: catalytic effect of sodium bicarbonate for the condensation of hydroxymethylphenols     

Naruyuki Kamo  Jun Tanaka  Mitsuo Higuchi  Tetsuo Kondo  Mitsuhiro Morita 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(4):325-330

This article describes the catalytic effect of NaHCO₃ on condensation reactions of monomeric hydroxymethylphenols (HMPs) to elucidate the cure-acceleration mechanism. By comparison of the kinetics of self-condensations of HMPs, NaHCO₃ was proved to increase the reactivity of para-hydroxymethyl groups. The changes of ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts on each HMP system with the additive indicated that the addition of NaHCO₃ enhanced some molecular interactions between HMPs and NaHCO₃, facilitating a resonance effect that might play a similar role in dissociation of the phenolic hydroxyl groups of HMPs. In addition, computational modeling by molecular orbital calculations elucidated that hydrogen carbonate anion (HCO ₃ ⁻ ) forms an interaction between either the para-hydroxymethyl group and the phenolic hydroxyl group or between the two para-hydroxymethyl groups of HMPs by hydrogen bonds. From the experimental results, the authors proposed the mechanism of the catalytic action of NaHCO₃: it appears to be due to the delocalization of an electron initiated by the interaction of the para-hydroxymethyl groups and the phenolic hydroxyl of HMPs with HCO ₃ ⁻ through hydrogen bonds, which results in facilitating the formation of active species.  相似文献   

Studies on hypersaline-tolerant white-rot fungi IV: effects of Mn ²⁺ and NH ₄ ⁺ on manganese peroxidase production and Poly R-478 decolorization by the marine isolate Phlebia sp. MG-60 under saline conditions     

Xin Li  Ryuichiro Kondo  Kokki Sakai 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(4):355-360

Manganese peroxidase (MnP) production by Phlebia sp. MG-60 is strongly regulated by Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ at various sea salt incubation conditions. Extra-added Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ obviously inhibited MnP production, but sea salts relieved the inhibition partially or completely. Three media were prepared: Kirk medium with addition of 0%–5% sea salts (KS medium), a high level of Mn²⁺ (300mg/l) in KS medium (HM-KS medium), and a high level of NH₄⁺ (430mg/l) in KS medium (HN-KS medium). Without addition of sea salts, the dye Poly R-478 was significantly decolorized by low MnP activity (about 200U/l) and a low level of laccase activity (about 100U/l) in KS and HM-KS media. In the cultures in which laccase activity was almost completely inhibited by 3% and 5% sea salts, MnP activity higher than 400U/l was necessary for Poly R-478 decolorization in all of the three media. We first report the linear correlation of MnP activity and decolorization of Poly R-478 under saline conditions and the effect of laccase on this relation.  相似文献   

Iron-binding compounds produced by white-rot fungusPhanerochaete sordida YK-624     

Hirofumi Hirai  Aiko Onitsuka  Ryuichiro Kondo  Kokki Sakai  Tomoaki Nishida 《Journal of Wood Science》2001,47(5):374-377

Iron-binding compounds were isolated from a culture ofPhanerochaete sordida YK-624 and were found to bind to Fe(III) preferentially compared with Fe(II). Two iron-binding compounds were purified to near-homogeneity with gel permeation chromatography. Hydrolysis of the iron-binding compounds with 6N hydrochloric acid gave ninhydrin-negative products. The molecular weight of these compounds was 3–5 kDa. These compounds may play an important role in the reduction of extracellular manganese dioxide to Mn(II) by intracellular ferrireductases for lignin degradation by manganese peroxidase.  相似文献   

Hybrid aspen with a transgene for fungal manganese peroxidase is a potential contributor to phytoremediation of the environment contaminated with bisphenol A     

Yosuke Iimura  Madoka Yoshizumi  Tomonori Sonoki  Mikiko Uesugi  Kenji Tatsumi  Ken-ichi Horiuchi  Shinya Kajita  Yoshihiro Katayama 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(6):541-544

To assess the possible utility of a fungal gene for manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) produced by a transgenic plant in phytoremediation, we transformed hybrid aspen with a chimeric gene for MnP. Our gene construct allowed expression of the gene for MnP in plants and relatively high MnP activity was detected in the hydroponic medium in which roots of plants that expressed the transgene had been cultured. Some of our transgenic plants were able to remove bisphenol A from the medium more efficiently than wild-type plants. Our results demonstrate that, without any modification of the coding sequence, a chimeric gene for fungal MnP can be expressed in a woody plant, with secretion of active MnP from roots into the rhizosphere. Our strategy suggests new options using woody plants for phytoremediation.  相似文献